SU30186A1 - Sheet Dryer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to dryers for sheet material, using relative displacement hollow, steam heated plates between which the dried sheets are carried out using rollers.

In the proposed corel-hollow steam-heated plates, they are alternately connected with the upper, iTo, with the lower frames, which are conveyed up and down in opposite directions to capture and release the plates of dried sheets moved by the rollers successively through the entire dryer continuously in one same direction.

In FIG. 1 shows a side view of a dryer for a sheet material; FIG. 2 is a cross-section of it in 2-2 in FIG. one; FIG. 2a and 2b are explanatory diagrams for FIG. 2; FIG. 3-part side view of the dryer on an enlarged scale; FIG. 4 and 5 is a horizontal section of the connection of the plate with the posts; FIG. b - vertical section of the device for communication with the plates of returnable transport (321)

premises; FIG. 7-view from the end of it; FIG. 8-vertical section of the right support of the dryer; FIG. 9-end view of her; FIG. 10 is a horizontal section of the support according to 10-10 in FIG. by 8; FIG. 11 is a vertical section through 11-11 in FIG. eight; FIG. 12 is a vertical section through 12-12 in FIG. eight; FIG. 13 is a vertical section through the arrangement for rotating the rollers; FIG. 14 is a top view of it; FIG. 15 is a vertical section through 15-15 in FIG. 13; FIG. 16 is a horizontal section through 16-16 in FIG. 13; FIG. 17 the same from 17 to 17 in FIG. ,13; FIG. 18-roller front view; FIG. 19 - the same side; FIG. 20 is a front view of a roller feeding sheet material to the dryer; FIG. 21 is a horizontal section of the tensioner for chains along CC in FIG. one.

The dryer for sheet material consists of two horizontal frames W- / 2 and / 7- 13, formed from the longitudinal beams W and 7 / and the corresponding transverse 12 and 13.

The beams / O and P may have any suitable construction, consisting, for example, of two parts, as shown in FIG. 2, where they are depicted made of boxes 14 mated with flat days, wherein the upper and lower beams are kept at equal distances from each other using racks 75 made up of three bars overlapping each other: 16 and 77 outer and J8 internal (Fig. 4, 5). The outer bars 16 and 77 of each rack are attached to the lower frame 77-75, regardless of the inner bar 18, which is attached to the upper frame 10 - 72. Such structure of the struts allows the inner bars to slide along the outer ones so that the upper frame can be advanced to the lower frame. frame or from it, therefore, the upper and lower frames can be reported simultaneous and opposite, vertical movement.

To dry the sheet material, a large number of heated 1X hollow1} 1X plates 20 arranged in a group of vertical rows are used, and each of them is attached. its ends between a pair of racks 75, mounted on the frame opposite to each other. The plates have smooth upper and lower surfaces, and their length corresponds to the full width of the dryer. Successive plates of each row are fastened alternately, respectively, to the outer or inner bars of the struts 15. With such a device, successive plates of the vertical row receive direct anti-vertical vertical movements, imparted to them respectively by the upper and lower frames when the latter move; this allows the plates of any row to alternately act on the sheet material passing through the dryer. The fasteners of the plates 15 to the posts are made by fastening parts of the protrusions 27, which are integral with the plates, covering the stands 75 and having hanging parts that rest on the wedge-shaped fastening parts-22 (Fig. 4), which are fastened by means of bolts to the outer bars 16, 17 associated with a lower frame 11-13; mount the same intermediate between

the first plates are produced by the same parts 27 connected to the fastening part 25 (Fig. 5) bolted to an inner bar 18 connected to the upper frame 10-72.

Rollers 30 are used to move the sheet material through the dryer between each row of plates, which, like the plates, are located across the width of the springs and participate in the vertical movements conveyed by the plates to allow alternate conjugation. strips of sheet material in the dryer in a free state to propel it through the substance. The rollers are arranged above each other in rows alternating with rows of plates.

The roller 30 (Fig. 18) consists of a cylindrical body 31, with a reduced diameter at the ends 52; each end has speakers, made in one piece, pins 55 and 55.

The trunnion 55 is located in a ball bearing 34 mounted in the housing of the support 55, fixed to a suspended crossbar 36. A similar construction is applied to the other end of the roller, with the only difference that the trunnion is longer and the casing and the crossbar are correspondingly larger since this pin is intended to drive a roller. For this last purpose, the trunnion 53 is rigidly connected to the gear 57, driven by a chain 55. To ensure reliable coupling of the chain 38 to the gear 57, the cross member 36 is fitted with a fuse 39 disposed directly above the chain and rigidly connected to the crossbar 36 The fuses are located across the roller and at each end are connected to the uprights 75. In order for the rollers to take part in a corresponding vertical movement alternately, the rollers of each row are respectively connected to the outer and inner E rack bars. The rollers thus installed are adapted to move in a vertical direction to each other and from each other, as is the case for the plates themselves: The rollers are supported by wedge-shaped fasteners 22 and 25 (Fig. 5).

The wedge-shaped part 22 has a process 22, directed downward along the side of the outer bars of the rack, in which the process, near its lower end, there is a depression 36 adapted to connect with the end of the cross member 55, which holds the roller at the level of the plate. Similarly, the cross member of the roller 30 located in the row of underlying plates is held by the ends in the valleys 36 formed in the process 25 of the fastening part 25. Accordingly, when the plates of two adjacent horizontal rows approach, the corresponding rollers disperse in such a way that so as not to come into contact with the sheet material held by the close plates, and vice versa. Sheet material, which is not held by the plates, is caught by the rollers and moved by them.,.

In order to feed the sheet material through the substance, the rollers are driven to perform a swinging motion, i.e. during part of the rotation they are made to rotate in one direction and then in the corresponding direction of the other part of the revolution in the opposite direction.

The essence of the movement for feeding, communicated by such swinging movements of the feed rollers, is shown by means of the explanatory diagrams shown in FIG. 2a The left part shows a series of rollers a, b, c and d, pushing them apart relative to each other, and and corresponding to the average position of the frames. On average, the rollers and VL b are shown displaced to make contact, as are the rollers with d. The specified position of the rollers corresponds to such a position of the frames in which they reach the extreme points with their vertical displacements corresponding to the close position of the upper and lower frames. If now the rollers a and c report a counterclockwise motion, while the rollers b vi d are referred to a clockwise motion, then each of them, during a part of the turnover, the sheet material trapped by the rollers a and L will be moved to the right; likewise, the material captured by the rollers with vi d will also be moved to the right, while at the same time the material between the rollers 6 and c remains free and therefore does not move. When the frames are moved to another extreme position corresponding to the far distance of the upper and lower frame, the rollers will be respectively removed from contact with the rollers; 6 and c, and the latter will be brought into contact and capture the middle strip of material. If now to force the roller b, which had rotated earlier clockwise, to rotate against it, and the roller c, which had been counterclockwise before, to force it; rotate in the direction of its movement, the bis rollers will move the middle band of the material to the right. The strips of material advancing before this are now free, the rollers of the same a and cf, which can now be in contact with other strips of material not shown in the drawing, will rotate in the opposite direction, to their original position. These movements of the respective rollers clockwise and counterclockwise are communicated to them by driving chains 38, performing forward-reverse limited forward and backward movement, with the horizontal chain serving to drive one set of rollers having the opposite movement compared to horizontal chains mi located directly above it and below it.

To communicate the returning vertical movements of the upper and lower frames and plates 20, three lifting devices 40, 40 and 40 (Figs. 1, 2), located at known intervals under the lower beams 71, serve. The lifting device consists of a body 41 with a base 42 fitted with removable end portions 43 adapted to reinforce roller bearing holders 44 for the drive shaft 45. The drive shaft 45 is provided with two eccentrics 46 and 46 (FIG. b), 180 offset from each other, i.e. their eccentricities are located in opposite directions. Each eccentric is provided with a collar 47 mounted on roller bearings, which serves to support and move the upright-hundred-vertically moving vertically. and 48 passing through sleeves 49 installed in housing cover 49. When the drive shaft 45 rotates, the kiks - / 5 and 5 perform a reciprocating motion and are accordingly adapted to communicate movement to one or the other frame. Stops 4B inform the movement of the inner bars 18 of the uprights 15 and thus raise and lower the upper frame 10–2 while the hundred to 48 abuts directly onto the lower beams, and thus the movement of the lower frame is reported / 7-13 (Fig. 1, 2). The drive shaft 45, provided with a coupling 50, is common to all three lifting devices. Lifting devices on both sides of the dryer have drive shafts 45 arranged in parallel and providing simultaneous, i.e., synchronous lifting and lowering of both sides of the frames, for which both shafts 45 are connected by means of a transversely located drive shaft 5 / driven by the motor 52, placed under the dryer. The shaft 51 (Fig. 2) is provided with bevel gears 53 at each end for driving the shafts 45. The engine 52 for driving the shaft 51 can be coupled to the latter in any suitable way, and there is a gearbox 54 for changing the engine speed. The dryer is mounted on a base 55, to which lifting devices are fastened, shaft bearings 5 / and engine block 52.

A device for communicating the swinging rollers 30 provides for their work, commensurate with the time of the operation of the lifting devices, so that the rollers can perform a swinging movement for advancing the sheet material only at those moments when it is not caught by the slabs. For this purpose, the dryer has a support leg 60 equipped with a toothed rack 61 for rocking the drive gears 62 coupled to endless chains 38. The resultant reciprocating motion of this rack is the swinging rollers 30. For moving the toothed rack 61 proper in a manner commensurate with the movement of the lifting devices, the shaft 45 is provided with a cam 65 adapted to communicate a gear rack to the reciprocating movement. The fist is enclosed in the housing 63 (FIG. 1) located between the lifting device 40 and the base 64 supporting the support post. Details of the support structure are shown in FIG. 8-12, and in FIG. 13-17 show the details of the mechanism driven by the fist for the toothed rack 61. The shaft 45 enters the housing 63 on one side of the latter and carries the fist 65 stuck on it, the shape of which is shown in a side view in FIG. 15. The cam 65 rests and acts on a pair of rollers 66 made of antifriction metal and able to rotate at opposite ends of a vertically movable part 67 associated with the rail 61.

To change the amplitude of the reciprocating motion, communicated by part 67 to the toothed rack 61, serves as a lever 63, pivotally fastened at their ends, respectively, with part 67 to the toothed rack 61, where the lever is provided with a movable point of support 69. Details of the movable pore point and the linking of the lever with the gear The rail 61 is shown in FIG. 8-12. The lever has a pin 70 on its side hinged in the sliding block 71, the end of which, having the shape of a dovetail 72, slides in a groove of a corresponding shape formed in the support frame 64, and the point of support 6P of the lever 68 is changed due to this sliding. This sliding movement of the pad is carried out with a screw 74, wherein the screw passes through the bottom of the pad and has a nut 75 fastened at one end of the latter and adapted for free rotation in the groove formed for it in the block, and the screw is equally tightened a thickening of 76 outside the pad l rest on the last. The screw 7 rotates in the nut 77 formed at the front end of the groove 73 and connected to the base 64. The screw 7 serves to control the screw 78, thus setting the lever's fulcrum manually to change the amplitude of the toothed rack and rocking motion of the rollers.

To secure the pad 77 in the position set by the handwheel 78, there is a wedge 79 adapted to mate when sliding on the underside of the pad. The wedge 79 is driven and moved back and forth using a cam tool 80 consisting of a manually rotating shaft mounted across the base 64 and provided with a cam 80 entering the vertical groove of the wedge 79.

In order to avoid communication by lever 65, when swinging its lateral force to the toothed rack 6J, there is a pair of earrings 82 fixed to their lower end with a pin passing through the end of the lever, and with their upper end attached to a slider 81 adjoining the thinned end 83 slats 61 (Fig. 11). Lastly, as seen in FIG. 10 is adapted to slide in the support frame along the guide 84, mounted on the removable side strip 5 of the support. The gears 86, which rotate on short shafts 87 located in respective bearings 88 in the lateral sides of the support, engage with the teeth of the toothed rack. On the shafts, in addition to gears 86, drive gears 62, driven by gears 86, are fixed. The anvil is provided with openings 60 located opposite gears 62 and through which chains 38 pass to communicate swinging motion to rollers 30.

To feed the sheet material into the dryer, there is a roller multi-colored table 91 (Fig. 1 and 2), formed by angles fixed to a fixed rack 90 fixed on the receiving end of the dryer and placed one above the other and parallel to each other on each side of the dryer. These corners at opposite ends are supported by vertical columns or pedestals 92. The corners are holders of a large number of rollers 93, mounted for rotation on ball bearings 94 and fitted with reinforced, at their ends: sprockets 93 (Fig. 20), for the drive chain .

The fixed rack 90 also serves to reinforce the tensioning devices that maintain proper tension of the chain 38, which imparts a swinging motion to the rollers 30 of the dryer. Inside stationary struts 90, having a V-shaped cross-section, are placed a box-shaped part 96, bearing axis 97, on which the sprocket 95 sprocket rotates, installed to reduce friction during rotation on roller bearings 98. The ends of each axis 97 protrude beyond the supporting box-shaped part 96 of L is placed in slots 99 formed in the side walls of the rack 90. The box part 96 is provided with a cylindrical spring 705 fixed by means of a nut on the screw 100 regulating its position by means of nuts 101.

Dp of precise installation of the main elements of the dryer are the wedges 705, 106, 110, 777, shown schematically with dotted lines in FIG. 1. The wedge 705, 106, 110, 111 slides over the wedge pad 7617 (FIG. 8), mounted on the plate 108, located under the base of the element, in this case, the stand 60. The pad 105 can be moved with a screw 109, the head which protrudes above the outer surface of base 64 sufficiently to be gripped by a key or other tool. In addition to the rows of rollers 30 located between the plates (FIG. 1),. there is a series of rollers 130 at each end of the dryer, located near the end posts. These rollers start and end the feed movement of each strip of sheet material. passed through a dryer and supported by holders 757, being essentially half of the fixture consisting of a cross member 36 and its support 55 and shown in fig. nineteen.

The movement of the rollers 93 of the table 91 is carried out using sprockets 752 with a toothed stop, placed at the ends of the rollers 95 adjacent to the chains 55, and located for each floor standing at the ends of the latter adjacent to the receiving end of the dryer. The feeding of sprockets 132 with a toothed stop allows the table rollers 93 to move the sheet material only in those floors in which the plates are spaced apart. The plates 20 are heated by circulating steam through them through two series of steam lines. For this purpose, steam lines are installed on the upper and lower frames, supplying steam and respectively condensate draining from the stoves. The steam line 120 (Fig. 2) is located at the top and is supported by the beam JO of the upper frame. A similar steam line 12J, shown located above the upper right beam 10, is placed on the protrusions 124 located between the top beam boxes and supported by the outer bars 18 and / 7 racks 15, as a result of which the steam line 121 takes part in the movement of the bottom frame beam 11. From the steam pipeline, 120 pairs are guided along the steam lines (22, / 25) across the dryer across its entire width,. and then downwards, having a branch pipe / 24, supplying steam to the plates 20 (Fig., fastened to the inner bar 78 racks / 5; such steam pipes are for each row of the actual boards. On the left side of Fig. 2 are shown the branched steam pipes / 25 similar to steam lines / 24 and departing from the same plates to which steam lines / 24 approach. These steam lines are connected to a common steam line / 26 connected to the steam line / 27 located under the bottom frame of the machine dryer and illuminated to the inner bar / 8 racks / 5 with a bracket / 28 (top to Secondly, the steam pipe / 27 is designed to collect steam condensate supplied through steam lines / 24. Thus, steam pipes, steam supply and condensate drain connected to the plates supported by the inner bars / 8 racks / 5, move with the said bars. Similarly, through pipelines / 2 / and / 23, steam is supplied to the plates carried by outer bars / b and / 7 racks / 5; vapor (wire / 26 is connected to the steam line / 2I located under the bottom frame, and participates in the movement of the outer bars of the racks. / 5. Subject of the patent. 1. Dryer for sheet material, using steam-heated hollow core plates between which the wire with the help of rollers, dried sheets, characterized in that the groups of plates 20 in their vertical rows are connected alternately with the frame / O- / 2, then with the // - / 3 frame, which are transmitted upward and downward in the opposite directions for Moving the plates of one group from above, then to the underlying plates of another group, in order to alternately clamp and release the dried sheets, the rollers 36, placed between the vertical rows of plates, are connected with them in such a way that two adjacent horizontal rows corresponding to these rows of rollers are consumed, and when the same plates are moved apart, the said rollers approach each other to move the plates released by the plates, which move in all horizontal rows in a constant direction in the same direction. 2. In the dryer according to claim 1 a device for connecting the plates with the upper and LOWER frames, characterized by the use of racks / 5 (Fig. 1) made up of three bars / 6, / 7 and / 8 (Fig. 2-5), of which bars (6 and 17) are connected with the lower frame // - / 3 and with the help of fastening parts 2 /, 22 (Fig. 4) - with one group of plates 20, and Rusca / 8, placed between the bars / 6 and (7) are connected to the upper frame (O- / 2) and by means of the fastening members 2 /, 25 (Fig. 5) - with another group of litas. 3. In the dryer according to claim 1, a device for connecting the supports of the rollers 30 of FIG. 1, 3, 18, 19), with plates 20, marked by the use of bearing supports 35 of the crossbars 36, connected alternately with downward processes 22 and 25 of the fastening parts 22 25 for each two adjacent plates of 20 ig. 3). 4. In the dryer according to claim 1, a device for communicating plates 20 with upward and downward displacements, characterized by the use of a row of stands 48 and 48 (Figs. 1, 2, b, 7), supported on one side, respectively, on bars 78 of the upper frames 10–12 and beams 7 / bottom frames 11–13, the other on the yoke eccentrics 46 and 46, placed at an angle of 180 ° to each other on the shafts 45, received rotation from the engine 52. 5. In the dryer according to claim. 1 is a device for imparting rotation to the rollers 30, characterized by the use of endless chains 5 (Figs. 1, 3, 8) interlocking one and the other of their branches with a tooth 37 (Figs. 18, 19) on the axles of the rollers 30, respectively, in two adjacent horizontal rows of the latter and receiving reciprocating swinging movements by engaging the leading chain of gears 62 with the rail 61, which receives upward and downward movements from the cam 55 on the shaft / 5 (Fig. 13-17) through the levers 68, which are conjugated with an earring 82, with adjustable part, using a screw 7 and a wedge 79 (Fig. 8-11), a support 69, in order to change the swing span of the gears 62 in accordance with the required value moving the dried sheets and matching this variable tim plates with movement 20, in which device drive rollers and, - &, c, d (Fig. 2a) whether the rollers a, and c, rf or b, c will work together, the material being dried will always move in the same direction in all horizontal rows. 6. In the dryer according to claim 1, use to feed the material of a multi-colored roller table 91 (Fig. 1), the rollers 93 of which are rotationally connected from chains 38. 1. In the dryer according to claim 1, use a tension device for targets 38, consisting of a box-shaped part 96 (Fig. 21), carrying an axis P7 of the guide for the chain of sprocket 95, placed in the notches 99 of the fixed stand 90, and under the action of the spring 103 with the screw adjusting its tension 100. 8. In the dryer according to claim 1, the use of a device for reproducing the circulation of steam in the plates 20, consisting of two series th steam lines 120, / 22, 725, 72, 725, 726, 727 and 727, 72, 725, 729 (Fig. 2, 2nd), of which the first series is designed for maintenance of plates: plates associated with bars 18 (Fig. 5 ) racks 75 (fig. 1, 3), and the second — plates fastened with bars 16 and 77 (fig. 4) of the same racks 75. 9. In the dryer according to claim 1, use for precise installation of the main elements of the device of wedges, 106 , 110 777 (Fig. 1, 8), moved by screws 109 on the same wedge platforms 107.

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