SU26394A1 - Apparatus for the rectification of gasoline vapor - Google Patents

Description

The proposed apparatus aims to enable continuous operation of the distillation of oil, the so-called battery type, without secondary distillation of distillate gasoline, to receive from all distillation cubes, giving gasoline fractions, all gasoline enclosed in oil.

The apparatus depicted in vertical section consists of two parts: distillation column 1, in its lower part passing into a separator, on plates 4 of which oil separates from oil vaporized gasoline and mechanically entrained from the distillation cube 2, in the lower part supplied tubular evaporator 15. Both rectification columns, installed on foundations 24, can be any well-known system - both disc and stuffed. The drawing shows distillation columns with scrubbers; Packing can be produced by coke and other suitable material, such as: pieces of brick, iron shavings, pumice, broken glass, etc. Both rectification columns in their upper part carry the tubular capacitors 10, through copper or other tubes of which cold water flows for better discharge of heavy parts of benzium vapor. Tubular resting capacitors on an iron ring, which

kerchiefs 9 attach to the hull of the distillation columns. From the drawing of the helmets of the stills, not shown in the drawing, gasoline in the vapor phase, if possible without loss of heat, through a fairly wide pipeline passes through fitting 3 to the separator of distillation column 7. This part of the distillation column is brick-insulated or otherwise insulated 22 on one side of the column, it is well protected from heat loss, so that the vaporous gasoline, the passage between the plates of the separator 4, pushes the oil suspended in gasoline vapor down. Downward oil flows into some distillation cube, at a temperature corresponding to the temperature of the column 2 flowing down the reflux tube, and vaporous gasoline rises up through the throat 6 plates upwards into a distillation column, on the grate bars of which a scrubber 8 is placed. This part of the distillation column is less completely insulated material 23 (in the drawing, insulation is shown on one side of the column with a thinner layer), and therefore, going upwards along the column, the vapors lose a known amount of heat, some of them condensing s, flows down on the plate 5 on which the fitting is retained on the neck 6. The draining column bottom liquid vapors meet new current principle

the rectification boils again, giving the light parts to the pairs, and only the heaviest parts of the liquid fall onto the plate 5. This process can be regulated by the action of cold water flowing into the condenser W through the tube / 7 and flowing out of it through the tube 12. What has been said the tubular condenser in the column 2 is connected to the rectification column 2. The collecting phlegm 5 on the plate 5, if possible without heat loss, goes down the pipe 14 (the insulation is not shown in the drawing) into the tubular evaporator 75 of the column 1. Hot column reflux 7 , ROTEK through the tubes of the evaporator, its heat to the surrounding tube evaporator under hot reflux column 2; this reflux boils up again, the vapors rise upwards along the column, mixing with the current of the vapors coming from the rectification column .1 through pipe 13 into column 2. With these pairs in column 2

the same as in column 7 is repeated, but the missing reflux fills the space in which the evaporator Jf5 is located, from where the knee .77 and reflux 18 through the reflux of any design not shown in the drawing enter the receiving tank (ligroin) ; gasoline couples on

to the top of column 2 through pipe 19 and the refrigerator not shown in the drawing, after cooling, are also sent to the receiving gasoline tank. To control the operation of both columns, the Lechatele thermoelectric pyrometers are installed in the upper part of their not shown in the drawing. Insulation of column 2 is identical with column 7. All pipes, with the exception of pipe 19-20, which serves to empty the column during its shutdown, must be very carefully insulated from heat loss.

The subject matter of the invention.

An apparatus for the rectification of gasoline vapors and the production of gasoline and other products from them, consisting of two or more distillation columns, characterized in that the first column is equipped with a separator with plates 4 for separating the mechanically entrained fluid particles and a scrubber 8 with a condenser 70, designed for preliminary reflux, and the second and subsequent columns are equipped, in addition to the scrubber 8 and the JO condenser, with a tubular evaporator 75 heated by hot reflux condensed in the previous column. to the author's testimony of S. M. Volokh, M. M. Levenshtam and Yu. E. Emmuel No. 26394