SU255878A1 - LINE OF LOADING AND UNLOADING WORKS IN EXPEDITIONS AND BAKERY FACTORIES - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the baking industry, in particular to the mechanization of loading and unloading operations in expeditions and storage bakeries.

The known line of cargo handling operations in the expeditions and bakery stores, containing conveyors for supplying finished products, circulation tables for sorting them, mobile chain pallets of trays, a system of chain conveyors for shipping and storing piles of filled trays in the bakery, conveyor for trailers sills, trays for stackers, a device with counters for automatic counting of finished products, and equipped with an installation for washing and drying trays. In this line, the empty trays are loaded into the stackers manually, it is inconvenient for workers to pick up products according to the assortment, bread is not distributed when received at the IB bread storage facility, ready products are not sufficiently taken into account.

To eliminate the above disadvantages, trolleys are provided in the proposed line for transporting and storing the stacks of trays. Trolleys have pins with fingers and buffer mechanisms for lowering the lifting of the rods, staplers are installed inside the circulation tables equipped with guide tracks for non-shifting of the stackers.

A chain conveyor is used to feed empty trays to the stackers, emptying the conveyors to feed and store the stacks of the filled trays. These conveyors are housed in slotted shells, recessed by the IB floor of the barn storage, and are equipped with electromagnetic stopping devices for stopping carriages, arrows to turn carriages with empty piles

trays and traction carriages, attached to the links of the chains and which are in engagement with the pins of the carriages, the line includes an installation for washing and drying trays, mounted along the conveyor for feeding the trays, to the stackers.

The mobile stacker can have chain mechanisms for lifting a stack of palletized trays to the product stacking level, perekashtelirovanie trays i lowering the stack of filled trays on the trolley, lever electromagnetic stops for stopping and releasing the trolley and an automatic device for applying pulses to the meter for finished products.

The installation for washing and drying trays may include a KMB-34 machine, as well as a tray feeding device consisting of two chain mechanisms for lifting, single-piece gripping and moving trays, hired electromagnetic stoppers for stopping and releasing carts, and a device for unloading trays, consisting of a tilting device, a chain mechanism for gripping and moving tilted trays, guides and a chain mechanism for stacking trays and lowering the stack on the cart.

Electromagnetic locking device, it is advisable to perform an IB-type stopper and an electromagnet with a weapon, while the stopper may have an inclined plane for automatically lifting the trolley crane and releasing it from the chain carriage haul and a hook for the final stopping of the trolley.

The arrow for turning carts with piles of empty trays may contain an electromagnet with a spring for dividing it and an arc-shaped tail section for self-closing when passing the pin of the cart.

The buffer mechanism of the trolley should be carried out in the form of a buffer with an A. inclined plane for raising and lowering the crane shaft and spring.

It is advisable to provide chain conveyors for supplying stacks of filled trays to the bakery with automatic devices for feeding pulses to the appropriate counters for counting finished products.

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a predol enna line; in fig. 2 - conveyor structures; in fig. 3-general view of the piler; in fig. 4 shows a section along A-A in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 - trolley; in fig. 6 - buffer mechanism; in fig. 7 - turning arrow; in fig. 8 - locking device; in fig. 9- installation for washing and drying trays.

Line - consists of finished product conveyor 1, circulation tables 2, mobile stacker 3, conveyor 4 for feeding empty trays to stackers 3, system of chain conveyors 5 for feeding and storing stacks of filled trays in the bread storage, carts 6, installation 7 for washing and tray trays and devices for automatic counting of finished products.

The stackers 3 are mounted inside the circulation tables 2, which are provided with guide tracks 8 for moving the stackers.

The chain conveyor 4 feeds around the conveyors 5, which are housed in the slotted housings 9, recessed into the floor of the bread storage facility, and are equipped with electromagnetic -10 devices for stopping and releasing the trucks.

Conveyor 4 serves to feed carts 6 with stacks of clean trays IK to stacker 3, for (feeding carts with a pile of soiled LTR1Ks, to unit 7 for washing and drying trays, and for transporting carts in a bread store.

The stacker 5 (Figs. 3, 4) has a chain mechanism 11 for lifting the stack of empty trays to the level of stacking of products in them, a chain mechanism 12 for lowering the stack

filled trays on the trolley, lever electromagnetic stoppers 13, 14, 15 for stopping the trolley 6 and the automatic device for feeding pulses to the counter 16 finished products, triggered during the passage

b trolleys with bread-filled trays in a bakery.

The working surface of the stacker 3 is at the level of the circulation tables 2. The conveyor 4 (Fig. 2) consists of a chain 17

with fixed fastening through defined intervals by traction carriages 18 and enclosed in a recessed semi-metallic casing 9. The slot in the casing is located at the level of the bread storage facility and serves to guide

truck movements 6.

The conveyor 4 is provided with a drive with a tension device 19 and an arrow 20 (Fig. 7), which serves to rotate the carriage 6 with stacks of empty trays from the conveyor 4

on a conveyor belt 5 singly or in rows consisting of a certain number of trolleys 6 ..

Conveyor 5 serves to move carts 6 with piles filled with bread.

trays within the bread storage, it is similar in design to the conveyor 4.

The conveyor 5 is equipped with a drive 21 with tensioning device 22 and an electromagnetic locking device 10, which serves

to stop the trolley 6.

The cart 6 (Fig. 5) has wheels 23. In the front part of the frame 24 of the cart there is a pin 25 with fingers 26 and 27. The pin 25 in the lower position engages the pulling rod.

the carriage / 5 of the chain 17 and guides the cart 6 through the conveyors 4 and 5. The buffer mechanism 28 serves for lowering and raising the pin 25.

Buffer, pk mechanism 28 consists of a buffer

29, having on its rod an inclined section 30 for raising the pin 25 (using a finger 26 pressed into it) when the buffer 29 collides with the trolley frame or with the stoppers 13, 14, 15 of the piler 3, it

It also has a spring 31, which, when the buffer 29 is released, moves it to its original position, while lowering the pin 25. In the front part of the cart 6 there is a handle for manually moving the cart and a lock 32 for fixing the pin 25 in the upmost position.

Electromagnetic locking device -10 (Fig. 8) for conveyors 4 TL 5 consists of a stopper 33, which in the tail section has

inclined plane 34 for lifting pin 25 with finger 27 and K ryuku 35 for finally stopping carriage 6, electromagnet 36 for opening stopper 33, spring 37 for closing stopper 33. Avtomaly lifting the pin 25 manually for delivery of car "6 sec finished products for cars.

The arrow 20 has an arcuate tail section, providing the self-closing arrow after the passage of the pins 25 of the trolley 6, the electromagnet 38 to open the arrows 20 and the spring 39, which, when it is under current, the electromagnet opens the arrow 20 after passing the pin 25 of the trolley for passing a certain number of carts 6.

Set 7 for a nurse to handle the trays and then dry them. It consists of “3 devices 40 for unloading trays, a HMB 41 machine for washing and drying trays and a device 42 for loading trays.

The device 40 for unloading trays has a chain 1 elevator 43, the design of which is similar to that of the mechanism 11 ′ of the piler 3 and the chain mechanism 44 for grabbing the trays and moving them along the guides 45 to the receiving table 46 of the machine 41.

The tray loading device 42 has a tilting mechanism 47, a chain mechanism 48 for grabbing the tilted trays and moving them along the guides 49 to the chain mechanism 50 for stacking the trays and lowering the stack on the trolley 6. The design of the mechanism 50 is similar to the design of the mechanism 12 of the stacker 3.

To call the trolley 6, the buttons 51 serve, and for stopping them near the installation 7 - stopars 52, 53, 54. A control panel 55 is installed in the barn storage to control the line, and an expedition 56 in 56. The line works in the following way.

The finished products are fed from a baking oven to circulation tables 2 on a sloping belt conveyor. The stacker includes a drive that moves the piler 3 to one of the transparterav 5.

To call the carriage 6 with empty trays, the button 51 is pressed, the electromagnetic locking devices 10 of the first carriage of the spare row 66 and the second carriage of the spare row 6c with empty trays are released, and the electromagnet 38 is opened, opening the corresponding arrow 20. When the electromagnetic locking devices are released 10, the leading pins of 25 carts of a spare row 66, 6c are lowered, which engage with the hauling. 18 cables of the chain / 7 of the ring conveyor 4. The first telese of the spare row 66 moves along t the carrier of the 4 to the open arrows 20, turns on the conveyor 5, automatically behind the arrow behind the arrow 20, and stops behind the electromagnetic storor 13 at the stacker 5 of the trays. At this time, the second truck of the spare row 6c goes to the original position of the first truck of the spare row 66. All the other carts of the spare row move forward and stop behind the electromagnetic locking device 10. When the stopper 13 is released, the waiting cart 6a drives into the empty section trays with a chain mechanism // and stops behind the stopper 14, including chain mechanisms // and 12 raising and lowering the stack of trays. The stack of empty trays rises to the working surface of the piler 3, automatically

emptying the empty trolley 6 from the stopper 14, directing it for loading to the lowering section of the filled trays with the chain mechanism 12 and stopping it behind the lever stopper 15. Stacker, moving the upper one

a tray of empty trays along the guides to the lowering section of the filled trays fills it with finished products from the circulation table 2. When the stacker removes the top empty tray with

the stack is released, the limit switch is released, and the drive of the chain mechanisms // and 12 is triggered. At the same time, the stack of empty trays rises to the level of the working surface of the piler 3, and the stack of full finished trays is lowered by one step equal to the height of the tray. After the last tray is filled, the stack of filled trays is automatically fed onto the empty trolley 6, "

the release of the electromagnetic stopper 15 is directed to the conveyor 5 in the storage facility, at the same time the next carriage 6a is released, which enters the lifting section of the stack of empty trays of the piler 5.

When the cart 6 with the finished products inprolled. In the bakery, an automatic device for applying pulses to the counter 16 is activated. When the buffer mechanism 28

the carriage 6 presses the frame 24 of the telekey, the drive pin 25 along the inclined section 30 of the buffer 29 rises, and the carriage stops. The entire array of telecables with filled gig tracks is behind the electromagnet stop device 10, located at the other end of the conveyor 5, at the expedition. Ready products are stored in the software warehouse assortment - on each conveyor 5 a separate grade.

The expedition worker frees up the cart 6 with finished products and, by raising the pin 25 to the extreme upper position, pushes it with the help of an arc-shaped handle to the caravan that drove into the expedition. When elevating tsgyr 25, a device is activated, which supplies pulses to the counter. The filled trays are loaded into the van manually, and the empty trays are placed on the empty trolley 6. A cart with returned

From the distribution network, trays are pushed against the ring conveyor 4, the pin 25 is lowered into the slot of the conveyor 4, and the trolley is sent to the installation, ke 7, where it stops behind the stopper 52 in the standby position. After unloading the previous stack of dirty trays, the stopper 52 automatically opens, and cart 6 enters the device 40 unloading trays. Chain elevator 43 captures and raises a stack of dirty 5 trays to the level of the working surface And releases the empty carriage 6 from the lever electromagnetic stopper 53 in order to direct it to the device 42 for loading trays. Another chain mechanism 44 picks up trays from the device 40 for unloading and moves them individually along the guides 45 to the receiving table 46 of the machine 4 for washing and drying the bread trays. The treated trays, the exit from the machine for washing and drying the bread trays, are transferred by the tilting mechanism 47 to the working position, are assembled by a chain mechanism 48 along guide rails 49 to another chain mechanism 50, which periodically, lowering them by 20 steps, equal to tray height, stacks the trays in a stack in the device for loading trays. After the last tray is laid, the stack is again lowered by the chain mechanism 50 onto the trolley 6. The trolley 6 with the headquarters of the clean trays is automatically released from the lever electromagnetic stopper 54, sent to the spare row and stops behind the last trolley of this row. If a large quantity of trucks 6 with empty trays is accumulated, they can be sent to any free conveyor 5 from the control panel 55 installed in the barn storage. From the control panel 56 you can send a programmable number of trucks with empty trays from any conveyor 5 to the second siding . The line of reception of finished products in bakeries, and their delivery to the expedition can be applied to all construction and existing bakeries, advantageously, but medium or large, with a wide range of products. The subject matter of the invention 1. Lines of loading and unloading operations in expeditions and bakery storage areas, containing conveyors for supplying finished products, circulation tables for their sorting, mobile chain pallets for trays, a system of chain conveyors for moving and storing stacks of filled trays in a bread storage, a conveyor for the delivery of empty trays to the headquarters - 55 levras, a device with meters. Automatic recording of finished products and equipped with a washing machine and. drying of trays, characterized in that, in order to mechanize the loading of empty trays in the beler's stems, to ensure a convenient selection of the product of 45 piles of stacks of trays, to have pins with grooves and buffer mechanisms for lowering and lifting the pins; the pilers are installed inside the circulation tables equipped with the fi rm: they are convenient ways to prevent the pilers from moving, the conveyor for supplying the foam trays to the pilers is chained and the transnortera is fed to feed and store the piles of filled trays, the conveyors are housed in slotted covers recessed they are equipped with electromagnetic locking devices for stopping and releasing carriages, arrows for turning carriages with stacks of empty trays and hauling carriages attached to the links chains and meshes with the pins of the carriages, and the installation for the washing and drying of the trays is included in the line and mounted along the conveyor for feeding the trays to the stackers. 2. Line no. 1, characterized in that the mobile stacker has valuable mechanisms for lifting the stack of empty trays to the level of stacking products in them, re-scaling trays and lowering the stack of filled trays on the trolley, lever electro-magnetic stoppers for stopping and releasing trolleys and automatic device for feeding pulses "and the counter of finished products. 3. Line no. 1, characterized in that the installation for washing and drying trays includes an X X-34 machine, as well as devices for loading and unloading trays, the device for loading trays consists of two chain mechanisms d. lifting, single-piece gripping and moving trays, guides for tilting them and lever electromagnetic stoppers for stopping and releasing carts, and a device for unloading trays from tilting device, a chain mechanism for gripping and moving tilted trays, guides and chain a mechanism for stacking the trays, and lowering the stack on the trolley. 4. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic locking device consists of a stopper and an electromagnet with a spring, the stopper having an inclined plane for automatically lifting the carriage's pin and releasing it from the hauling carriage of the chain conveyor and a hook for final trolley stops. 5. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrow for turning carriages with stacks of empty trays is so; a; Electromagnet with a spring for its opening and an arcuate tail part for self-closing when passing the pin of the cart. 6. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that the buffer mechanism of the trolley consists of bu7. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that the chain tranportes for supplying the stacks of filled trays;

wives with automatic devices for feeding pulses to the corresponding counters for calculating finished products.

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