SU24725A1 - Cinema projector with optical alignment - Google Patents

Description

In the proposed film projector, the feed mechanism gives the film continuous motion at a constant speed, while the light beam moving together with the projected frame receives an additional, equal and brotherly directional motion from the compensating mirror system. By the addition of movements and reaching of the moving frame on the screen.

I have two film projectors.

In the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the projector with a partial vertical section; FIG. 2- the same front view with partial: vertical m and greas m; FIG. 3 is the same top view; FIG. 4 is the same, a section along the line b in FIG. one; FIG. 5 is the same, a section along the line C in FIG. one; FIG. 6 is a side view of a modified projector; FIG. 7 is a section along the line aa in FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a section through it along line b of FIG. 6; FIG. 9 is a section through it in FIG. 6; FIG. The 10-10 is its cut along the dd line in FIG. 6; FIG. 11 is a sectional view of its J on its line in FIG. 6

The first version of the film projector consists of an optical C1: a system, two distributors, two compensators, a feed mechanism, devices for installing an isb / ken in the frame window (“in frame”), an automatic flashlight, a flashlight, and a film feed and receiving reels for the film.

The optical system consists of two

angles / and 2 angled to each other (FIG. 1). The lens / is designed so that the projecting light beam emerges from it cylindrical and that it can design without distortion the area of two consecutive calars (i.e., the envelope of the path of one frame during its design). Lens 2 projects a fixed compensated beam onto the screen. Between the objectives / 2 there are two distributors, designed for the direction of the beam, projecting an even frame to the right compensator, and a beam, projecting an odd frame to the left compensator. The distributors consist of two identical flat mirrors: the right 3-for even and the left 4-odd frames (Figs. 1, 3 and 4). Each of the mirrors 3 and 4 is limited by two concentric semicircles and a diameter (Fig. 3), forming a semiring of such 1YRIN, CHTS

The moving light beam incident on it in all positions is wholly on it. FIG. 1 and 4 are the tracks of a projecting beam of bras in the two extreme positions in the wilted dotted pair of lelograms. The mirrors 3 and 4 are rotated near the axles 5 to 6 passing through their geometry centers, with respect to which they must be balanced by counter loads (in Fig. 2, mirrors 3, 4 are removed from the axes 5, 6). The plane of the mirror is 3 to 4 perpendicular. They are close to each other and intersect along the line lol (Fig. 1), the rokhod through the point about the intersection of the axes of the axes and then on the lenses 1 and 2 is normal to the bisector of the angle formed by them. On their axes, mirrors 3 and 4 are mounted so that, rotating with the same angular velocity (one revolution per time / design of two frames), they alternately give way to each other, like teeth that are in gears of the gears. In the known position of the mechanism, when the border of two successive frames on the film intersects in the window with the optical axis of lens 1, the radii bounding mirrors 3 and 4 touch each other at the point of intersection: the optical axes of the lenses. This position corresponds to the average frame rate. At the end of this shift, a portion of the snow beam passing through the projected (for example, even) frame will be perceived entirely by one of the mirrors (right) until the next frame shift begins. In the middle of this period, the diametrically opposite radii of the mirrors touch each other 3 and 4; a light beam projecting an odd frame will be reflected by the left mirror.

The main optical axes of the and on lenses intersect with each other at a right angle. Accordingly, the incidence angle of the projecting cylindrical light beam for both the right and left mirrors will be 60. Reflecting from the right or left distributor mirror, the central beam of this beam will go right or left in a plane passing through the line / o / normal to the middle the plane of the projector. The reflected beam both to the right and to the left of the line lol is located to it at an angle of 45 °. This plane coincides with the plane of FIG. four.

The right compensator, designed to compensate for the translational motion of the beams projecting the even frames, consists of a pair of mirrors 7 and 5 such that the projection beam in all positions fits completely on them. The planes of these mirrors are normal to the plane of FIG. 4 and are located at angles of 45 ° to each other, and at a line of / o / at angles of 67 30. Having reflected from the right mirror of the distributor at an angle of 45 ° to the line lol, the beam projecting the even frame will fall on the upper mirror

7 compensator at an angle of 22 ° 30 and, having reflected again, will go parallel to the line lol before meeting the lower mirror 5. The beam will also fall on this mirror at an angle of 22 ° 30 and, reflected from it, will fall on the right distributor mirror with an angle of 45 ° to the line / o / (at an incidence angle of 60 °). Thanks to the below described arrangement of the mirrors, the beam of this cylindrical beam (Figs. 1 and 4) fell on that point of the distributor mirror, from which it had reflected before, and would describe an isosceles right rectangle with the apex at the point, lying on the mirror distributor. Since the angle of the secondary incidence on this point will also be equal to 60 °, it is obvious that the secondary reflected beam will go normally to the line, that is, parallel to the on line. The immobility of this beam after its secondary reflection from the distributor mirror is achieved by compensating movement of both compensator mirrors 7 and 5, tightly connected to a tubular slider // having a slip without rotation near the rack 13 parallel to the line lol (Figs. 2, 4 and 5). The speed of this slide must be equal to the speed of the film divided by 2 sin 45 °. Due to the movement of the compensator, the speed of movement of the light beam moving translationally with the film is halved on the segment of the path parallel to lol between the upper and lower mirrors 7 and 5 of the compensator; having reflected from the lower mirror 8, the beam is not moving forward, i.e. made fixed, compensated.

The left compensator, consisting of a pair of mirrors 9 and 10, is designed to compensate for the translational motion of beams projecting odd frames. He has that. It is a device, as the above-described right compensator, and is located symmetrically to the latter relative to the median plane of the projector. Its compensating movement through the slider 12 and the rack 14 (Figs. 2, 4 and 5) occurs while the left distributor mirror perceives and reflects the light I uchka, and the right compensator 7.8 returns to its initial position. The cycle of reciprocating movement of each compensator continues during the design period of two consecutive frames: half the cycle time plus the frame change time is a compensating movement, the rest of the time minus the return of the compensator to the initial position. The cycles of movements of the right and left compensators are shifted relative to each other by half a period. Thus, the period of compensating movement of one compensator completely covers the period of returning to the initial position of another compensator and changing frames.

The feed mechanism of the projector receives its movement from the main shaft / 5, directly connected to the electric motor, one revolution of which feeds the film for two frames. Two identical washers 16 and 17 of the special profile, rotated relative to each other by 180 °, are mounted on the main shaft 15 (Fig. 1 and 4). Rollers of the sliders // and 12, driven by the aegean washers, are set in motion by the connecting mirrors /, 8 and 9,10 of compensators connected with them. The curve limiting the washers is drawn along the curves of speeds and accelerations sufficiently smooth to minimize the inertia forces. (180-ra) central angle of the washer is outlined along a curve telling the sliders and 12 sliding at the speed indicated above.

/ film speed

-Compensation (angle and corresponds to the time frame). The remaining (180-a) ° are outlined in such a way that they allow the sliders // and 12, under the influence of the springs / 5 and J9 (Figs. 1,2 and 4), to return to their initial position. The shaft 15 is supplied with counterweights to balance the unevenly moving masses.

The transmission from the main shaft 15 on the axis 5 and 6 of the distributor mirrors 3 ii4 consists of five spiral gears. In the mid-plane of the projector, the main shaft 15 is fitted with a gear 20 (Figs. 2, 4, and 5), which meshes with the gear 21 (Figs. 2 and 3), mounted on a tubular shaft 22, rotating near a stand 23 parallel to the line / o / and racks 13 and 14 (Figs, 1, 2 and 3). On the other end of the tubular shaft 22, the gear 24 (Fig. 2 and 3) is fitted, which is in engagement with two identical teeth 25 and 26, mounted on the axes 5 and 6 of the mirrors 3 and 4, are distributed. . The bearings of axles 5 and 6 are rigidly connected to the coupling 27 (Fig. 3), mounted on the rack 23 in such a position that the mirrors 3 and 4 of the distributor occupy the above-described position. Diameters and angles

these helical gears are adjusted so that the movement of the mirrors is 3 to 4 ra; the limiter was performed with the same angular velocity as g; the main shaft 15 has moved, but in different directions (in Fig. 1 it is removed from the axes of the teeth 24 and 26, and in Fig. 2 - the gears 25 and 26). A gear 28 is mounted on the same main shaft} 5 (Fig. 2), communicating the movement to the feed drum 36 (Fkg. 1 and 2) through gears 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, which is calculated in accordance with the diameter of the drum 56 so that in one revolution of the main shaft two frames of the film are fed.

The device for setting the image in the frame window ("in frame") consists of the above-mentioned gear 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 transmitting the rotation from the gear 28 of the main shaft 15 to the axis of the feed drum 36. The device informs the drum 36 on the move an additional rotation relative to its the axis and, therefore, relative to the main shaft / 5 and the compensating mechanism, by changing the frame position relative to the frame window. The gear 28 of the main shaft 15 through the parasitic pinion 29 engages the pinion 30, tightly mounted on the axis of the drum 36. At the other end of this axis is mounted the gear 31, which is engaged with the gears 32, the axes of which are fixed on the drum 36. These gears are in engagement with the usually stationary toothed crown 33, along which they are rolled; 1 va-oz, their axes describing a circle around the axis of the drum 36 connected to them, thereby rotating it (in the same direction, but at a slower speed than its axis). The rotation of the crown 33 by means of a gear and washers 34 (Figs. 1 and 2) will inform the drum 36 an incremental rotation, regardless of the rotation imparted to it by the main shaft 15. This rotation, reported to the drum 36 on the move, will shift the frame borders in the frame window to coincide with compensated (placed on the mirrors compensator) projection light beam. In this case, the relative position of his mirrors and the film in the window will appear, and the projection of the frame on the screen will go into the frame. . The lantern 35 of a conventional device uniformly illuminates a frame window of double height. Obviously, in every given

The moment is designed one frame, occupying only half of the entire illuminated area. Only half of the light from the lamp is also useful. As in the projector with the obturator, only half of the light from the lamp is used (the second half is absorbed by the obturator), the specified illumination of the screen can be achieved in the device described by the lamp with the same power as should be used for this purpose in the obturator. The frame window is easily accessible for inspection and refilling of the film and is enclosed by a casing 57.

In the case of the lamp 55 there is an automatic fire damper, which is a flat mirror disk 38 (Fig. 1 and 2), reflecting the rays of the lamp on the frame window. This disk can be rotated about its axis from the working position, in which it forms an angle of 45 ° to the optical axis of the object / (Fig. 1), to a position 55 parallel to the axis and corresponding to the stop of the mechanism of the film projector. Installation of the disk in a vertical position is achieved by the action of a spring, a mud that presses the mirror disk 55 against the corresponding stop. The working position of the disk is achieved by the action of the compression of the eclectic magnet, which presses the disk 55 to another stop. The electromagnet has a common connection with an electric motor (a spring and an electromagnet are shown in I of Figs. 1 and 2 with a closed housing 39). Ostanozka mechanism, ie, turning off the electric motor and the electromagnet together with it releases the spring; the shutter guides which rotates the mirror disk 55 to a position parallel to the axis of the first objective 1, I, which blocks the access of the light to the personnel window.

The receiving and feeding reels 40 and 41 (Fig. 1) receive rotation from the main shaft / 5 through friction clutches of a conventional device with idle running in one direction. ./Zubchat transfer enclosed in the casing 42 (Fig. 2).

The essential difference of the second is; Anta film projector from the first described above is that the projecting light beam performs a double path, so that not the whole window is lit, but only the projected frame; this achieves some light saving. In addition, in the second version; projector introduced a number of constructive

changes in individual parts (for example, swinging zarkal compensators) and replaceable cassettes containing a feed drum and receiving and feed reels are used, which speeds up the film reloading into the projector and reduces the risk of its ignition.

The alignment method in this projector is essentially the same as described above. The alignment of inventions for the projection of even frames is made by the right compensator, and on even ones - by the left one. The transfer of a beam of light from even frames to the right compensator and from odd frames to the left one is made by the distributor.

The distributor consists of two identical mirror disks 43 and 44 (Figs. 6, 7, 10 and 11) rotating in their own planes near mutually perpendicular axes. The disks 43, 44 may have the same device as the disks 5, 4 (FIGS. 1 and 2). A cylindrical beam of light from the lamp 4 / reflect the right distributor disk to the right compensator, and the left one to the left one.

The right compensator consists of two mirrors 45 and 46, and the left one consists of mirrors 47 and 48. The swinging of both mirrors 45, 46 in the same direction, at one and the same angle, informs the reflected light beam reflected by them, the dependence of which on the swing angle is expressed by the formula d - r. sin 2 ", where d is the translational (normal to its direction) beam movement, g is the distance between the axes of the mirror and a is the angle of the angle. With a suitable choice of the distance r, the angle a can be made sufficiently small (several degrees) and, accordingly, minimized speed, acceleration and, therefore, forces acting in the mechanism. In exactly the same way, the light beam reflected by the left disk 44 to the left compensator is driven by its swinging mirrors 47, 48 in the same translational motion. The speed of movement of this beam must be equal to the speed of movement of the film.

Further, after passing through two prisms 49, 50 (or two pairs of mirrors), the beam envelops the lens partly in its path and, concentrating in the frame window 51 (Fig. 7), on one frame. exactly follows him in his movement. Pass then through Fi., The beam enters the vertical lens 52 and the horizontal lens 55.

Leaving the vertical lens 52, the beam encounters the right disc in its path, the distributor disc 43 (if it was previously passed through an even frame) or left disc 44 (if it passed through an odd frame) and, accordingly, reflects the right 45, 46 or on the left 47, 48 compensator. The mirrors of the compensator impart to the beam, together with the film, a compensating equal, but reverse directional motion to the beam, and reflect it, as a result, already immobile. Further, the beam encounters the same distributor disk 43 or 44, which directs it through the horizontal lens 55 to the screen.

Thus, the path of the light beam in the projector is as follows. From the flashlight 41, the lighting beam passes to a mirror or a prism 42, to the right or left mirror disk (43 or 44) of the distributor, to the lower and then the upper mirror of the parasoro (45,46) or left (47, 48) compensator, then again the same mirror disk (43 or 44) of the distributor and through two prisms 49, 50 or two pairs of mirrors are directed to the personnel window 51. On this path, the beam is brought into translational motion at a speed equal to the speed of the film, and follows it, concentrating entirely on a moving frame.

The beam passing through the film (projecting) from window 51 passes into the vertical lens 52 on the same disc (48 or 44) distributor, on the same compressor, but first to the top (46 or 48), and then to the bottom (45 or 47) its mirror, again on the hour from the disk (43 or 44) of the distributor and through the horizontal lens 53 is directed to the screen.

On this path, the beam following the film acquires a reverse directional motion of the same speed, remaining all the way parallel to the illumination beam and through the horizontal lens arrives motionless on the screen.

The distributor mirror plates 43, 44 are rotatably driven by a tubular shaft 54 spanning the column 55 (Fig. 6.7 and 11). The rotation is transmitted to the shaft 54 from the roller 56 by means of gears 57, 55. On the post 55, part 59 (Fig. 11) is fixed, which serves as a bearing for the disk shafts. Behind the discs on these shafts the helical gears 60, 6 / are fixed, coupled with the same gear 62, mounted on the tubular shaft 54, the rotation of which is thus transmitted to the discs

The roller 56 carries a washer 63, which imparts a swinging movement to the mirrors of the compensator by means of rollers 64, 65 rolling on its periphery (Figs. 10 and 11). These rollers, describing the arms around the swing axes of the lower mirrors 45, 47, carry along these and associated with them by the upper 46, 48 mirrors, overcoming the resistance of the springs 66, 67 (Fig. 10). Roller 58 receives rotation from shaft 70 through a pair of bevel gears 68, 69 (Fig. 6). The vertical shaft 70 carries the image setting mechanism in the frame window, which also serves as a transfer to it from the horizontal shaft 71 connected to the electric motor.

The image mounting mechanism in the frame consists of a gear 72 mounted on the shaft 70, which engages with the planetary gears 75 resting on the outer adjusting ring gear 74. These gears rotate around the axes of the fastened 75, which is mounted on the tubular shaft 76. This shaft enticing planetary gears 75 is driven into rotation by means of bevel gears; their wheels from a horizontal shaft 7 /, bw associated with a feed drum 77. Turning the adjusting ring 74 through a certain angle indicates an additional turn to feed gear Araban 77, changing its position relative to the compensators and the distributor, which is required for setting the image in the frame.

Replaceable cassettes 78 (Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9) are equipped with a feed drum 77 and a power supply 79 and a local 80 reels. The cassette is a cover that isolates the entire film path in the projector and is mounted on pins associated with the projector bed. One of the pins is a shaft 71, which serves as a rotation for the feed drum 77; the other two serve as shafts for reels 79 and 80. In this case, the shaft of the receiving bg of bnna 80 is rotated ne / driven from the shaft 71, which is in turn connected to the transmission with the electric motor. At the end of the demonstration of one hank (part) of the film, the cassette containing it is removed from the pins and into its herd. another cassette

with the following skein (part), - the continuation of the film, tucked into a cassette. After that, the electric motor is switched on in advance, which can occur automatically when the replacement cassette is installed on the pins, if the plug is connected to it.

In this version of the projector, a fire damper can also be used, similar to the disc 38 described above (Fig. 1).

The inventor indicates in general terms that the second version of the projector, through some modifications, can be assembled to design stereoscopic films with alternating right and left frames. In particular, for example, these changes should relate to a vertical lens 52, which should have such a diameter that it can project the area of three (and not two) consecutive frames. Accordingly, the distributor discs and the compensator mirrors are increased.

The gear ratio of gears that transmit rotation from the roller 56 of the washer to the shaft 55 of the distributor should correspond to the number of frame shifts during the projection of one frame (approximately six shifts). Due to this, the rapidly rotating discs will deprive the light every frame three times during its projection and will create both for the right-hand frames and for the left-hand projection mode, similar to that for the projection with a three-bladed obturator.

During / e of the frame projection time with intermittent illumination of the latter (three periods of light a and two periods of shadow) the mirrors will perform a compensating swing. The remaining part of the Vg (the third period of the shadow) should be used to return the mirrors to the initial position. In line with this, the profile of the drive plate 63 must be changed.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A cinema projector with optical alignment, characterized in that between two lenses / and 2 located at an angle to each other, installed on axis x 5 and b are two distributors in the form of mirror half-ring disks 3 4, rotated from the main shaft / 5 by means of helical gears 20 21, 24, 25 and 26, and two pairs of compensating mirrors 7 , S and I 10, for reduction, in the reciprocal movement of which serve washers / 6 and 17 of a special profile, mounted on the main shaft 15 (Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5). 2. In the case of a film projector, indicated in clause 1, a device for mounting an image in a frame window consisting of gear wheels 5 / which engage gears 32 rolling on the ring gear 33, for turning which serves as a gear with a washer 34 (Fig. 2). 3. In the case of a film projector, indicated in paragraph 1, the use of a mirror disk 55, located in the housing of the lamp 55 and equipped with a spring, for the descent of which, when the electric motor is stopped, a special electromagnet serves (Fig. 1 and 3). 4. A video projector image change according to claim 1, characterized by the use of a distributor composed of two mirror disks 5 and 4 rotating around mutually perpendicular axes and two compensators, each of which consists of two mirrors 45 and 46 or 47 and 48, performing one-side swing around parallel axes, in order to alternately compensate frames (Figs. 6, 7, 10 and 11). 5. In the case of a film projector, indicated in clause 4, the use of replaceable cassettes 75, equipped with feed drum 77 and receiving 80 and powering 79 reels and mounted on shaft 71, which serves as the axis of rotation for feed drum 77 (Fig. 8 and 9). 6. With a film projector, indicated in clause 4, using a mechanism for mounting the film in a frame consisting of a gear 72, coupled with gears 75, resting on the adjusting ring gear 74 and mounted on a hollow shaft 76, rotated from a horizontal shaft 71 associated with feed drum 77 (FIGS. 6 and 8). cf) nr4. S3 pb Itg GC. and d. i5 2- / y - - 20 . 21 1 -: | -b .3 it f ".iH" i; I D H - - - -  - H- r- e "Mi4j, . l-ix v. -xx -iUS is: (8-V .-4-iS; | zz: z :::: 35 4 O  nfV T.jz:  ,.,:  -; .: 1 -i,. - t and - .-iAAG- .j; ; ; j .. 3 / r; t; -ir-: ± :: l