SU22668A1 - Steam boiler of tubular spiral shape of water elements and with forced circulation - Google Patents

Description

In the proposed steam boiler composed of tubular spiral shapes of water elements and with forced circulation, one ends of these elements are attached to the discharge pipe of the circulation pump, and others to the funnel shaped pipe inserted into the expanded part of the vertical tank and used for He jets of heated water with a free surface in order to release steam from them on the way to the fall of water from the mouth of the funnel-shaped nozzle to the water level in the expanded part of the tank is connected th receiving chamber with a circulation pump.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a steam boiler; FIG. 2- its cross-section.

The boiler consists of six tubular spiral forms of water elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, of which the bottom 1, 2 and 3 are subjected to the greatest heat load, and the three elements 4, 5 and 6 of the second row take on themselves less load. Above the elements is a conventional shape superheater 18 for superheating boiler steam and a superheater 40 for secondary superheating of low pressure exhaust steam.

Water flows through a circulation centrifugal pump 7 through pipes 1, 2, 3 ..., respectively, into elements 1, 2, 3, which have passed, it with steam formed in the elements enters through pipes G, 2, 3 ... to the funnel-shaped pipe 15, inserted into the extended part of the vertical tank 15, 16.

In tank 15, steam and water are separated from each other, whereby water flows by gravity through the pipe of tank 16 into the receiving chamber of the circulation pump 7 and is supplied to the boiler water elements again, which water is circulated continuously until the boiler stops working. before the rake of heat; Separation of steam from water in the tank 15 occurs naturally, due to the difference in the specific weights of steam and water and the latter moving at high speed downward into the pump 7 in the opposite direction to the movement of steam that rises up to the superheater 18.

The steam separated from the boiler water flows through pipe 17 to the superheater 18, and from the latter to the steam engine. Elements 1, 2, 3 ... lie at their ends on the brickwork - the brickwork of the boiler, where the connections of the elements with their pipes are, to protect the joints from the harmful effects of furnace heat and to facilitate the replacement of worn out parts with new ones. The boiler has a casing 19, in the space “Kotor 20 the air necessary for burning fuel in the furnace 21 of the boiler is circulated; air is blown into the blower space 24 by a fan, having previously passed through an air economizer. Through the tank 15, 16, a constant, continuous filling of the water elements with water circulating in them is automatically maintained and fresh nutrient water is added to replace the water turned into steam.

Since the volume of circulating water in the boiler from partial conversion, if it is reduced to elements in the steam, will also decrease in the reservoir 15, 16, the water level in which will decrease. If, however, due to the redundant operation of the boiler feedwater pump, the water in the tank 15, 16 is supplied in more than the required quantity, then its level in it will increase and water may also get into the superheater 18.

To establish such a boiler supply, in which all its elements will be filled with water and steam obtained from water, and the water level in the tank 15 will be approximately in the middle of its height, an automatic boiler feeder is introduced. This device can be arranged or in the form of a float, through which the balanced feed valve of the feeder opens and closes, which, when the water level in the reservoir decreases, provide free access to the feed water inside the tank and vice versa, stop the water from entering the tank when the water level it rises, or some other form.

Depicted in FIG. 1, the device intended for automatic feeding consists of three tubes 28, made of metal, possessing the greatest coefficient of lengthening I under the action of heat on it. The tubules at both their ends are filled into hollow metal boxes, of which the upper 29 is connected by means of a flexible elastic tube to the steam space of the boiler, and the lower 30 is connected to the water space of the tank 15 by means of a tube 34 placed in a vessel 35 with circulating in it

cold water. So, feeder. and the reservoir are communicating vessels, so that the water level in them will be the same.

When the water level in the tank starts to decrease, the water level will decrease and in the feeder, the tubes of the second will be filled with steam, transmitting a lot of heat to them, as a result of which they lengthen and thus cause the box 29 to rise upwards. As the cable 31 is connected to the lever 32 of the feed valve 33, the valve 33 will rise and thus allow the feed water, which is fed by the feed pump, to enter the interior of the tank. With the appearance of cold water in the pipes of the feeder, the latter, due to the effect of this water on them, will begin to shorten and thereby reduce the position of the upper box 29, which will force the lever 32 to cover or completely close the valve 33 and reduce or completely stop the access of feed water to the tank 15 Conversely, when the water level in the tank rises too much, the feeder pipes, due to the effect of the cold water entering them, shorten the tank significantly and thereby begin to close or completely close the valve 33 and reduce or completely stop the water in the tank 15.

Thus, the boiler, having the automatic feeder of the specified device, will never be left without water, since the latter, by the force of the circulation and nutrient pumps, will always persistently drive into the water elements, circulate through them and remove the vapor bubbles with their movement-flow. from heating surfaces and take them out of the elements in a vertical tank 15, 16.

In order to produce with each square meter of the surface of the water elements the greatest amount of steam, the feed water is run, before entering the boiler, through a special water heater acting with saturated steam of the boiler; the water heater sends the strongly heated water to the boiler, so the water in the boiler almost immediately begins to turn into steam without losing time to heat it.

The boiler has a double casing, the inner space of which is connected to the annular space of the air economizer, the air blast passes through the economizer and through the space of the casing, after which, in a highly heated form, enters the boiler.

The products of combustion of the boiler, passing through the air heater, through its pipes enter into the boiler chimney.

The subject matter of the invention.

A steam boiler made up of tubular spiral forms of water elements and with forced circulation, characterized in that one ends of the water elements 1, 2 ... are attached to a funnel-shaped nozzle 15 inserted into the expanded part of the vertical tank 15, 16, and others The ends of the same elements are attached to the injection nozzle of the circulation pump 7, which nozzle 15 serves to conduct water jets with a free surface through it, in order to release steam from them in the water dropping path from the mouth of the nozzle to in the tank 15, 16.

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