SU22526A1 - Automatic re-acting fire detector - Google Patents

Description

The present invention consists of a special constructive implementation of an automatic re-acting fire detector.

In FIG. 1 depicts a longitudinal axial section of the announcer; Fig, 2 is an external view of its side with a partial cut; FIG. 3 and 4 sections of two different modifications of the working part; FIG. 5 is a general view of a half-based: FIG. b - the wiring diagram of the announcer; FIG. 7-11 separate parts.

. The base (Figs. 1, 2, and 5) consists of a metal box 1 screwed to the ceiling and hermetically sealed with a cap 2. In the sides of the box there are two diametrically arranged cable and wire nozzles 3, the ends of which are sealed in the glands of the glands sealing the rubber rings 4. The box is screwed with a porcelain outlet 5 with four pair clips 6, 7, 8 and 9 for switching on the line and the contact device. A coil of resistance 10 is screwed in the middle of the socket 5. The working part of the announcer consists of two air-filled and hermetically sealed chambers 18 and 19 separated by a membrane 17. In the center of the membrane 17 is a pin 38, hingedly attached to a short arm

lever 22. The lever 22 at the point of mounting is fixed in a small thin membrane 39, hermetically sealed in the wall, chamber 19 with an arbor 42. The spring end of the long arm of lever 22 enters the teeth of the contact sprocket 27. On the wall of chamber 18 there is a spring valve 39, adjustable by screw 40 The chamber 18 is insulated by a cap 55 of thermally insulating material (paper, etc.). FIG. 3 shows the modification of the working part of the detector. that the air cap 16 is closed at one end by a hermetic membrane 17 and divided into two chambers 18 and 19 by a partition 20. In the center of the membrane 17, the pin 21 is strengthened; to which the short arm of the lever 22 is movably connected, having a pivot point on the plstina 23, installed by means of an adjusting eccentric 24, located on the base 23 and having an arrow at the end to set at a certain temperature on the plate, directly on the reverse side of the base 25. Long arm The lever 22 has a spring end, which is included in the teeth of the contact sprocket 27. In the upper part and the partition of the air cap 16 (Fig. 3} the stopper 28 is screwed with the needle 29 and the spring 30 in it. BINT a spring 30 ilapana reinforced PY lkoobrazng scale 31. A valve 29 has an arrow 32 that is installed on the scale deposited on the side surface of the air cap 16.

To the partition 20, a valve 33 is fixed on the spring, closing the opening in the partition 20. The valve pressing force is adjusted by a screw 34 having a scale with divisions.

FIG. 4 shows another modification of the working part notify; I conclude that the adjusting screw 35 is screwed into the upper part of the air cap 16 and the partition 20 to regulate the force of the spring of the valve 33. The screw 35 has a pointer 36. The screw 35 is screwed with a simple, enn needle valve 29 with a pointer 37. Spring the same valve 30 is placed on the side of the air cap and has a flat spring, as in the case of valve 33.

The izvesgitel contact device consists of four spring contacts 43, 44, 45 and 46, of which the first three are screwed to the lower ledge of the ebony pad 47, reinforced on the base 25; pins 43 and 44 are ordinary and are screwed on one side of the pad 47, and pin 46 is triple and screwed on the other side of the pad. Pin 46 is screwed separately to base 25 and isolated from the latter. To install the contacts 43, 44 and 45, there are screws 48 in the side projections of the ebony pad 47, and the contact 45 has a screw 49 screwed into the nut attaching the contact. At the middle of the contact 45, the roller 50 is reinforced, which is adjacent to the sprocket 27, which rotates together with the ratchet in bracket 51, with; to the base 25.

Normally, contact 45 is in contact with contact 46, and roller 50 is in the recess of sprocket 27. Connecting wires 52 are rubber rings. The pulser is suspended on three springs 54 to the base box.

The operation of the announcer proceeds as follows: 1) when using the isolator to respond to the maximum temperature, the installation is performed by the valve 39 while removing the insulation cap 55. With increasing

the air produces pressure on the membrane and in chamber 18 in the same way as in chamber 19, and the membrane does not have

. deviations until the pressure

 the air in the chamber 18 will not open the valve 39, as a result of which a part of the air from the chamber 18 will come out and consequently the pressure in it will decrease; then the membrane 17, under the influence of the pressure difference in the chambers 18 and 19, is deflected, turning the operating lever 22, at which its end with a spring approaches the sprocket 27 and when the temperature is; the spirit is approaching the critical one, set by the pointer 26, the lever begins to turn the sprocket 27; the latter, when reaching a critical temperature, leaps its protrusion

through the roller 50, the contact 45 deviating at the same time for some time from the initial position before contact; with contacts 43 and 44, and further, when roller 50 enters the next recess of sprocket 27, contact 45 returns to its original position. ; In this case, the following switchings are made in the circuit. At the beginning of rotation of the sprocket 27, contact 45, the exit from contact with contact 46 breaks the circuit (Fig. 6): line, resis. 10, pin 45, pin 46 and line. In the middle of the rotation, the protrusion of the sprocket 27 rests on the roller 50 and

. contact 45 is at its greatest: deviation, it has its two contacts 43 and 44, and a fault through contact 43: a short circuit: a line, contact 43,; contact 45 and line and, in addition, through; pin 44 ground the line. With further sprocket spinning 27 con, cycle 45 comes out of contact I with contacts 43 and 44, breaking the chain: I Line 43, contact 45, line and i disconnects the ground and at the end of rotation, contact 45 connects to contact 46, I restoring the chain : line, resistance 10, contact 45, contact 46, line Thus, when 1 notifier is triggered, the following switchings occur: 1) the line circuit is broken, the hole is normally closed for resistance; ; 2) the connection of open ends between him short and ground; 3) times; a breakthrough with grounding off;

4) short circuit through resistance.

After the contact device has triggered, as shown in the foregoing, it is again ready for action. However, the next actuation of the contact device can follow only after the cdc temperature of the surrounding air detector comes to normal and the diaphragm 17 becomes in its original position, and the spring end of the lever 22, released when it is released from engaging the ratchet sprocket 27, drops again into the ratchet tooth. Thus, the announcer at each temperature rise from normal to critical is triggered once.

The modified working parts (Figs. 3 and 4) are set to operate at the maximum temperature as follows. The needle and spring valve indicators 31, 32 and 34 are placed on the zero divisions of the scales, as a result of which the valves 29, 30 and 33 tightly close the holes. The plate 23 is set with an eccentric 24 at the required maximum temperature; at which the announcer should fire. The installation is made according to the indicator 26, mounted on the eccentric 24, the long arm of the lever 22 moves a certain amount corresponding to this temperature from the ratchet sprocket tooth 27. When the temperature of the surrounding air detector rises, the air in the chamber 19 begins to expand, the membrane 17 deflects, the last causes the lever 22 to turn and the detector is triggered.

When the use of a lime as differential, i.e. when it triggers at a certain rate of temperature increase, it triggers when the air pressure difference in chambers 18 and 19 increases, namely: since chamber 18 is covered outside with a cap 55 of thermal insulation material, such as cardboard, paper, etc., the membrane 17 also separated from chamber 18 by an isolation layer. Consequently, with a slow increase in temperature, the air in both caps will have time to heat up uniformly and therefore the pressure on the membrane 17 will be the same on both sides and the detector will not work. If speed

if the temperature is critical, the air temperature in chamber 19 will rise much more than in chamber 18, hence the pressure difference in chambers 18 and 19 will be obtained; the membrane 17 will be deflected from the normal position, the lever 22, turning, will turn the sprocket 27 and the announcer will work.

The installation of a notifier at a critical rate of temperature increase is made by changing the heat insulating caps 55 of different heights or thicknesses, or both together - if they are external, if the cap 55 is embedded inside, then the announcer can trigger at a certain rate of temperature increase depending on the thermal conductivity of the cap 55 .

The modified working part in FIG. 3 is set to trigger it at a predetermined rate of temperature increase by adjusting the needle valve 29, the pointer of which is placed on the corresponding scale division, at which needle, the outlet from the socket, opens the valve opening with a cross section corresponding to the given temperature increase rate. The valve 33 tightly closes the hole.

Thus, when the ambient air temperature rises at a speed not exceeding the current setting for the analyzer, the air in chamber 19 begins to expand in proportion to the temperature increase, but since the valve 29 opening is open, the excess air has time to go through channel 56 ( the groove is milled in the valve 29) and hence the membrane 17 remains at rest. At the critical rate of temperature increase, on which the dispenser is installed, the excess air does not have time to leave chamber 19 and therefore pressure in chamber 19 rises, as a result of which membrane 17 is deflected and the announcer is triggered. However, in fact, the described process of triggering a notifier is actually more complicated, since if the air expands in proportion to the temperature increase, i.e. in a relationship

1, 00367 T.

This air flow rate is not proportional to the temperature increase. namely by the formula

at 11/2 424с (ГТ)

Consequently, at a known rate of temperature increase, close to critical, in chamber 19 there can be such a significant increase in pressure that the announcer triggers before the rate of increase in temperature reaches the magnitude on which the announcer is installed, i.e. otherwise, it will give a false alarm. To avoid this unnecessary and harmful sensitivity, the proposed loudspeaker 29 in the valve 29 has an additional spring valve 30, the cup-shaped scale of which 32 is set to the corresponding sensitivity on the pointer 31 of the valve 29, at which only the force of pressing the coil spring of the valve 30 changes, the valve plug all the time it closes the orifice of the needle of the valve 29. Under the condition that there is still no critical temperature increase, and a certain pressure is already created in chamber 19, it is possible to make the announcer work, The overpressure overcomes the spring resistance of valve 30 and some excess air escapes through the spring valve. However, at a critical temperature increase, all the excess air is still not able to escape through both ilapans and the announcer is triggered.

The operation of the modified (Fig. 4) announcer occurs in the same way as in FIG. 3. Namely: the needle valve 29 is set by the pointer 37 to the critical rate of temperature increase, and the spring valve 30 is set to sensitivity, while the valve 33 is set by the adjusting screw 35 to full closing.

For the combined operation, the announcer is set as follows: preliminarily with a cap 55, if it is replaceable, the announcer is installed for differential operation, and then the valve 33 is set to the required maximum temperature. At a rate of increase in temperature, less than the critical one, chambers 18 and 19 produce the same pressures and therefore

the announcer does not work. However, the pressure is still rising all the time and, reaching the critical chamber in chamber 18, opens valve 39; the excess air escapes and the pressure in chamber 18 drops, the pressure difference in chambers 18 and 19 is obtained, and out of place, the device is triggered.

For the operation of the modified announcer of FIG. 3 and 4 as a combination, it is adjusted firstly as differential (with valves 29 and 30), and then valve 33 is set to the desired maximum temperature at which the announcer should operate regardless of how fast it rises. The eccentric 24 is set to zero division of the scale. If the rate of temperature increase does not approach a critical one, the reporter cannot act as a differential one; but if the temperature has already reached the limit to which the valve 33 is installed, then the pressure in chamber 18 will overcome the pressure force of the spring of this valve and open it. The excess air from chamber 18 enters chamber 19, the pressure in the latter will increase and the membrane 17 deflecting as a result of this will activate the announcer.

The detector can be manufactured with a limit of reupuirovanie both from 20 to 180, and broken down into several groups.

The subject matter of the invention.

1. An automatic re-acting fire detector, consisting of a base and a working part suspended from it on the springs with two air-filled and hermetically sealed chambers, characterized in that these chambers are separated by a membrane 17, transmitting their movements to the contact device through the lever 22, supported in the membrane 39 fixed in the wall of the chamber 19, of which chambers the chamber 18 is equipped with a heat-insulating casing 55 and an adjustable valve 34, which allows to use a fire detector as or ximal, or differential, or both devices.

2. The change described in paragraph 1 of the fire detector, differs by the fact that chambers 18, 19 are separated by a rigid partition, having a valve 33, assigned during its installation, to release part of the air from chamber 18 to chamber 19 equipped with a needle 29 and spring 30 with valves for the differential action of this chamber, and thus turning it into a chamber for the combined action (Figs. 3 and 4),. The membrane 17 is fixed in the wall: chambers 19 and is connected to the lever 233. In the case of fire detector described in paragraph 2, the use of re-. Lever arm 23 for installation; it at the required maximum temperature with closed valves 23, 30 33 (. 3 and 4).

4. The fire suppressor described in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 uses a contact system consisting of three spring-loaded contacts 43, 44, 46 isolated in isolation and one triple contact 45 with roller 50 pressed against sprocket 27 and producing, when it is applied to the latter, the gap of the loop closed on the resistance 10, its short circuit with simultaneous grounding, the rupture of the loop disconnecting from the ground and short on the resistance 10 (FIG. 6) is consistently broken.

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