SU204801A1 - MACHINE FOR GRINDING SEEDS OF BEET - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to machines for preparing beet seeds for sowing by removing the loose part of the pericarp, in particular to grinding machines.

Grinding machines are known, including, for example, a charging hopper, grinding intensity regulators, a cylindrical housing in which the stirring is carried out, the vrash, Ayush, iis shaft with abrasive discs, and the suction device.

However, such machines do not provide a sufficiently high performance, allow damage to seeds.

In order to increase productivity and improve the quality of seed processing, i.e., to intensify the grinding process, it is proposed to fix the rotary feeder on the shaft with discs at the casing entrance, and to install paddles between the discs at an angle to the shaft axis, preventing their work surfaces from advancing material to the exit. Disks and vanes are suggested to be made smooth.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed machine, front view, in FIG. 2 - the same, side view.

The proposed machine for grinding beet seeds consists of a frame /, a horizontal casing 2, a feeder 3, an estrus 4 with a flap 4, a hopper 6, metal discs 7, blades 8, an asniration device 9, covers with

regulators 10, exhauster 11, electric motor 12 and shaft 13.

The frame / is a welded structure made of angular material and serves to secure all components and parts.

The working casing 2 is a horizontal cylinder with end walls in which there are openings for the passage of the shaft ends and a quadrangular window for feeding the material. In the part of the cylindrical surface opposite to the entrance window there is an exit window for the exit of the finished product. On the upper part of the casing there is an oblong window, covered by a lid with adjusters 10, which serves to inspect the working parts.

The thread 3 is mounted on the shaft at the entrance to the casing and consists of two figure-shaped curved corners, which are diametrically opposed to the flange attached to the working shaft.

The pipe 4 and the valve 5 are used to deliver the material to be processed into the working area from the hopper 6. By means of the valve 5, the amount of material supplied is adjusted.

150-200 mm one from another. A total of five discs are drawn onto the workpiece.

Paddles 8 run on Blades on spacer bars with four bars in the space between each pair of discs. The shoulder blades are fastened along the shaft in such a way that they form helical lines. The working surfaces of the blades are rotated so that they form with the shaft axis h0 and (angle 30 ° in the machine), where a is the angle of friction of steel on steel, and the blades are angled so that the seeds are thrown towards the entrance casing windows.

The shaft with the feeder 3 fixed on it, the disks 7 and the blades 8 is driven from the electric motor 12 by means of a V-belt transmission and rotates at a speed of 600 rpm. From the three-strand pinch mounted on the same shaft, the rotation is transmitted to the shaft of the exhauster 11.

The suction device 9 and the exhauster 11 are designed to remove the light weight and dust from the material coming out of the powder.

With the help of the grinding intensity regulators 10 introduced into the inside of the casing, the process is fine-tuned for a given mode of operation. The setting of the feeder 3 and the rotated blades contributes to the fact that the process of seed treatment takes place under conditions of continuous collision of two oppositely directed flows: supplied to the working area from the outside and retained in the casing by the blades. This is also facilitated by the installation of metal discs 7, which divide the work area into a number of compartments and thus allow the two streams to be directed at the ends of the discs in a 2Q-MM gap between the discs and the casing. In this case, there is only self-grinding of the glomeruli when they are moved and moved along the casing towards the exit. In addition, the production of metal .Discs significantly improves the operational reliability of the machine, since it does not contain easily destructive, abrasive wheels.

The technological process of processing of beet seeds proceeds as follows.

Seeds from the bunker 6 with the open valve 5 along the chute 4 flow by gravity into the horizontal housing 2, at the entrance to which they meet with the feeder 3, which throws them to the periphery of the first of the dogs 7, where they fall into the annular gap between the disks and the shell and then into the area between the first pair of disks. Here, the seeds collide with the shoulder blades 8, which tend to hold them in this part of the casing. The blades create a countercurrent to the seeds fed into the casing, as a result of which an increasing mass of the seeds heels in the areas free from the action of the blades. This happens until the seeds are able to overcome the resistance of the blades with the help of the feeder and advance to the next annular gap. This process of collision of two streams occurs continuously in each annular gap between the disks and the casing until the seeds fall under the action of the blades installed opposite the rectangular window for the exit of the seeds, which throw the seeds together with the dust-like processing waste into the aeration device. Here, the seeds are freed from empty shells, inflorescences and dust and then fall into the container.

Subject invention

1. A grinding machine for grinding beet seeds, containing a charging hopper, grinding intensity controllers, a cylindrical casing in which a rotating shaft with disks is placed, and an aspiration mechanism, characterized in that, in order to intensify the grinding process, on the shaft with disks on a rotor feeder is fixed to the casing entrance, and blades are installed between the disks at an angle to the shaft axis, preventing their working surfaces from advancing the processed material to the outlet.

2. Machine no. 1, characterized in that the discs and vanes are made smooth.

FIG. 2