SU1982A1 - The device for seeing at a distance - Google Patents

Description

FIG. 1 shows a schematic drawing of a general view of the device; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of the optical camera; FIG. 3 shows the arrangement in the optical chamber of wires and current-carrying strips; in FIG. 4 is a front view of the switch; FIG. 5 is a cross-section of the switch; FIG. 6 is a vertical section of the receiver along the axis; in fig. 7 is a front view of the Nipkov disk and in FIG. 8 is a modification of the part that closes the electric current circuit when using daylight to obtain an image. The device consists of an optical camera, a switch and a receiver. The optical camera 1 (Figs. 1-3) consists of a holder 2, equipped with double-convex glass 3 and a photographic viewfinder 5. A selenium screen 4 located perpendicular to the screen, abutting the bare ends of metal wires b and horizontally are placed in the holder metal plates 8, which are tangent to the screen, are electrically connected to a common clip 9 and isolated from the wires b assembled in bundle 7. A convex glass gives, with an appropriate installation, a valid image of the object being sighted in the village 4. Marketing background Viewfinder 5 serves to establish an exact image on the screen. The beam 7 has, in transverse section, the shape of a sector of a circular ring of the outer radius H2 and the inner radius R (Fig. 3); this bundle consists of m horizontal rows, along with wires in each; the horizontal rows are separated from one another, apart from the isolation of individual wires, by the same horizontal metal plates 8, abutting with an edge against the back surface of the selenium screen 4; the number of plates 8 will be RTV and their role is to supply current to the screen 4, for which they communicate with the common for all clamp 9 of the electric battery 10. The bundle 7 diligently from each other insulated wires is brought together into the cord 11 supplied to the switch 12 fixedly mounted in the right place. The switch (Figs. 4 and 5) consists of a rotating disk 14 with a spring brush 75 fixed on its rim and a second slider / b on the axis of rotation 17 of the disk. Pins 13 are located around the disk, forming contacts with a brush 15 during rotation. Each of the pins 13 is electrically connected to one of the wires of the optical camera. A second brush 76 fixedly mounted and sliding along the disk roller 17 serves, in the case of the presence of electric current in the wires of beam 7, to transmit electrical pulses to the line (one from each wire per revolution) connecting the transmitter to the receiver. These pulses are transmitted along line 18 to a receiver (Fig. 6), which consists of an electric light source 20 variable, depending on the transmitted electrical oscillations, strength. To obtain a uniform distribution of light, a capacitor 2 is placed in front of the light source 20 and a thin Nipkov disk 22 rotates in front of the latter, divided circumferentially into as many sectors as there are horizontal rows of wires 6 in the beam of the optical camera 1, i.e. on tons of sectors; at the beginning of each of the latter, there is a hole 23 (respectively, 23 23 ... 23), with the distance of the hole 23 from the axis of rotation of the disk 22 corresponding to the position of the upper horizontal row of wires in the beam 7 of the optical chamber 7; the distance of the hole 23 from the same axis will correspond to the position of the second row, counted from the top of the wires 6 in the chamber 7; the distance of the hole 23 will be less than the distance 23 by an amount equal to the difference of the distance 23 and 23, etc., while the distance of the last hole 23 from the axis will correspond to the position of the last lower th row of wires in the chamber 7. Disk 22 rotates inside the receiver box 24, and in front of it is a frosted glass at the top, onto which light beams will fall, transmitted by the holes 23 of the disk 22 from the light source 20. The disk 22, with the same radii and sector, beam 7 in the optical chamber /, must rotate strictly synchronously with disc 1 4, which is verified by cammerton tuned to a predetermined tone. In addition to the synchronism of rotation, phase matching is also necessary (when the brush 15 in the switch touches contact 73, respectively, to the first wire 6 of the first horizontal axis of the disk 22 and has a gear inside which, with a synchronous speed of the disks 74 and 22, the latter can be moved forward or upset back; for this purpose, the box 25 is rotated in one direction or another on the axis until the image on the frosted glass acquires maximum brightness and clarity. The rotation of the discs 74 and 22 can be semi from clockwork, electric motors, etc. by light nicknames, then the device shown in Fig. 8 is used to obtain light projections of varying intensity. The external circuit conducting elementary currents goes into the winding of the electromagnet 28, to the frame of which is suspended the diaphragm, consisting of two sickle plates 30 and 37 connected by a hinge 32; the plate 30 is provided with an elongated arm 33 suspended from the electromagnet 28 of the electromagnet 28. Due to elementary currents, the measles 34 will be attracted by an electromagnet to differently a degree that will reflect to a greater or lesser uncovering plates 30 and 37, thanks to its shape forming a rapid transition from the blackout to the maximum illumination light source. With a known sizing, the light projections through the apertures 23 will be strictly proportional to the intensity of the image in the optical camera and, therefore, the image in the receiver will be identical to the image in the camera. If the optical chamber 7 falling on the selenium screen 4 is larger or less in the optical chamber .7, then at this very moment in the receiver, the light beam should fall in place of the frosted glass corresponding to the position of the wire 6 in the beam 7). To do this, inside the receiver frame there is a box 25 with handles 26 that can rotate freely. If it is undesirable to use an electrical source for an optimum degree — viewing the intensity of this point — weakens the resistance of selenium, which, due to this, points and in varying degrees, but at the same time it becomes a conductor and transmits electric current from copper plates 8 (battery poles 70J to the ends of 6 wires separated by it, adjacent to selenium from behind. In the wires produce elementary currents (with closed circuits) which, due to the rotating switch 74 with its brushes, are excited and sent sequentially to the receiver where they also sequentially cause the intensity of the entire light source to fluctuate. By means of the rotating disk 22 with its specially arranged holes 23 , from the entire light source, the individual light beams will be consistently in place and in time will give light points on the frosted glass of the receiver for a period of time corresponding to lnosti elementary currents; the impression of these flashing and again fading points, with a known density of the projections 6 in the optical chamber / and with a sufficiently high speed of rotation of the disks 74 and 22, in the observer's eye merges into one light image. The image on the frosted glass of the receiver can be reproduced on the screen enlarged, but you can also view it directly without magnification. SUBJECT OF THE PATENT. 1. A device for viewing at a distance characterized by a combination of KynHijiM: a) an optical camera (Fig. 1, 2 and 3), consisting of double-convex glass 3 and a photographic viewfinder 5 of the holder 2, in which are placed: selenium screen 4, perpendicular to the screen, metal wires 6 which rest against the exposed ends and metal plates S horizontally located tangentially to the screen, electrically connected to the common clip 9 and insulated from the wires 6; b) a switch (figs. 4 and 5) consisting of a rotating disk 74 with a spring brush 75 fixed on it, arranged around the disk and forming contact with a brush 75 pins 73, each of which is electrically connected to one of the wires 6 an optical camera, and from the second brush 16, a fixedly mounted and sliding along the roller 77 disk, which serves to transmit electrical pulses to the line connecting the transmitter to the receiver; c) a receiver (fig. 6) consisting of an electric light source of a variable, depending on the transmitted electrical oscillations, the force of the Nipkov disk 22 (fig. 7) rotating on axis 27 and freely rotating on the same axis of the box 25 s with handles 26. 2. Modification of the device described in paragraph 1, characterized in that a constant light source and a diaphragm (Fig. 8) of two sickle halves, of which one 31 is stationary and the other 30 is fixed on the axis 32, is provided for reproducing the image and pivotally connected to the core 34 electromagnet nita 28 in order to change during the reception the opening of the diaphragm from the effect of the transmitted electrical oscillations in the circuit of the electromagnet 28.

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