SU19170A1 - Diffusion machine for extracting juice from beets - Google Patents

Description

.. The present invention relates to apparatus for extracting juice from beets by diffusion.

In the existing continuous diffusion apparatus, the beet chips are moved by means of various mechanical devices in the form of augers, elevators, and so on. Such mechanical movement of chips, sometimes combined with pressing, is a lot of inconvenience. In addition to the cost of a large amount of energy for their work, these devices with mechanical movement of chips rub over chips along the way it follows and form a significant amount of pulp, which is difficult to remove in further processes and heavily contaminated because of its decomposition into defecation. In addition, complex mechanical conveyor devices, often operating under high load conditions, due to friction and pressure, are subjected to various failures and deformations, which entails an incorrect operation and even stopping of the entire apparatus for repair. Repair of such devices

It is usually complex and cannot be made on the go, but always requires more or less long stops and disassembly of the apparatus to replace damaged parts with new ones.

In order to eliminate the above drawbacks, the basis of the proposed apparatus is based on the principle that chips, which have a higher specific weight than water and diffusion juice, sink in these fluids, while the rate of its fall in calm water reaches approximately 2.5 JK per minute, and in the diffusion juice no more than 1.5 m per minute. Making beet chips fall on top of a column of diluted diffusion juice supported by vacuum and pumping the latter in the upper part of this barometric column, it is possible to create a counter-flow of liquid and chips, with fresh chips meeting with high concentration juice, and the most dehydrated chips come in contact with clean water. At the same time, a mixture of chips with a significant amount of juice, about 300 percent or more of juice by weight of chips, has

full fluidity and suction through pipe of relatively small diameter.

The main part of the apparatus, shown in a schematic drawing in vertical section, is the AB diffusion barometric tube, the diameter of which depends on the performance of the apparatus. This vertically installed pipe with its lower end is immersed in a tank filled with clean, heated water that is at a slightly fluctuating level and ... a. Water from the tank can be freely sucked into the pipe through the holes in its lower part, connected to the discharge nozzle Z. At maximum vacuum in the upper part of the pipe, the fluid fills it only up to the barometric upper level b. . With constant vacuum, it is maintained at this level, subjecting only to small fluctuations depending on the height of the water level in the lower reservoir and on the atmospheric pressure. E (V1 and the specific gravity of the fluid in the pipe is taken more than 1, as, for example, with diffusion juice, the upper level is set lower than that of water. In addition, the height of the upper level above the lower one depends on the temperature of the liquid in the upper part of the pipe. Upper end The diffusion column H is a cylindrical sieve with openings so large that chips cannot pass through. The perforated part of the pipe partially rises above the upper barometric level and is partially located below it; ene cylindrical iron cap G, which may be produced using the vacuum air pump cykoro I). Between the pump and the cap C is trap-condenser E, which serves to condense the vapors, which can be released in the upper tube AB, as well as to trap the stumps. Cold water is introduced into condenser E from a small tank e. Liquid from condenser E enters through a pipe / L into the lower tank. The upper part of the cap (And connects to a pipe of smaller diameter SS, curved, as shown in the drawing, and intended to load a mixture of fresh -birds with juice into the upper part

diffusion tube. When the right side of the SS tube is filled with liquid to the lower level of aa, the barometric level is also established in it, and in its lower knee there is always a hydraulic shutter S that prevents the penetration of atmospheric air into the upper part of the diffusion; The left part of the SS pipe rises to such that when filling it with a liquid mixture of shavings and juice, it would be possible to create a pressure of the column sufficient to overcome local resistance in the entire pipe ,, 5 and move the mass of hydra: by applying pressure to the upper part of the pipe S, Leva Part of the SS pipe ends at the top with the receiving hopper I, which is continuously fed by the auger Q, dare fresh chips with a triple amount of hot juice. Above the auger Q is N.

To the lower iacTH of cap C, a tube P is attached to the right, the upper end of which is always below the vertical barometric level b, b, and the lower end is immersed in the juice tank P, in which the liquid level is maintained below the level i, a. Under these conditions, the juice from the upper part of the column flows into the tank P, from where it is continuously pumped out by the pump. It is fed to the mixture with the chips in the screw Q through the pipe through the R. i

The finished diffusion juice is taken from the Left side. SS pipes through a perforated part surrounded by a casing U. From this casing U coi along the pipe / 8S a trap for the pulp nOCTjmaeT into measuring tanks A.,,

The work with the aid of the apparatus proposed is carried out in the following order. The tanks O and P, as well as the pipe / SS, are filled with water and the HEATING pump is put into operation. Then the right knee of the tube, as well as the diffusion tube AB and the tube n suck water up to the upper barometric level b, b. Then the juice pump L is put into operation; the water level in tank P begins to drop and the liquid from the upper part of pipe 5 begins to flow: into tank R. The pump G supplies water through the reshofer D, which heats it to 100 °, and hot water flows through

auger Q in the funnel Niv left SSA pipe bind. In the latter, the water level begins to rise and, with a sufficient increase in it, water flows through the SS SS into the upper part of the diffusion cap O. Thus, water circulation in the whole apparatus is established, and the upper barometric curve is b, b

remains constant. After that let

A beet cutter and fresh chips begin to flow into the auger, which is scalded with hot water — or mixed and mixed with a significant amount of liquid — forms a completely fluid mixture that passes freely through the pipes, e 8S, into the upper perforated portion of tube AB. In this part of the tube, the AB chips fall into a water or juice column and sink into the passage from top to bottom. Subsequently, the circulating fluid entrains all new and new, portions of fresh chips, and finally fills the entire diffusion tube from top to bottom, with the liquid becoming more and more enriched in sugar due to the chips in contact with it. The chips, having passed through the entire liquid column, freely go into the lower opening of the AB vi tube and go to the unloading cheek Z. Then the juice is passed from the casing to the measuring tanks. Then, to maintain circulation, the fluid begins

sucking in an appropriate amount of water from reservoir O through the lower perforated part of tube AB, the water drawn in is supplied in such quantity as the juice is taken, and moves towards the chip in the diffusion tube A B upwards. When the beet pulp is de-sugared to the required limits, the pulp auger Z is put into action and, thus, establishes a complete continuous course of the apparatus.

The subject of the patent.

1. A diffusion extraction apparatus for extracting juice from beets, which is different because the barometric tube ABC, in which cap C is connected through a condenser Ef-K to a pump D, which serves to achieve vacuum in the tube ABC, is assigned to extract beet juice from the beets using the countercurrent principle. , in order to suck water through the AB pipe towards the falling beet chips.

2. With the apparatus specified in paragraph 1, use the V-shape of the SSiS pipe with a hydraulic gate S to feed chips into the receiving hopper tube H fed by the chip through the auger Q ,,