SU187913A1 - Method of dehydration and desalination of oil emulsions - Google Patents

Description

The method of dehydrating and desalting petroleum emulsions with the introduction of surface-active substances, such as polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphepol, sulfonates, HaqbTeHaTOB, alklaryl sulfonates, is known.

In order to increase the effectiveness of demulsifiers, as well as to prevent corrosion, it is proposed to use as a surfactant a quaternary ammonium salt of sodium, obtained from a mixture of terminal and unsaturated fatty acids, ethoxylated amine, obtained from a mixture of limit and unsaturated fatty acids and containing 5-15 hydroxyethyl groups OR their mixture.

Example 1. A mixture of limiting and unsaturated fatty ACIDS in a given ratio consists of the following acids, o / o: Palmitic (CnSaOg) 6.5

Stearinova (QigHscOa) 4,5

Arakhinova (С2оН4оО2) 0,7

Oleinova (C18Nz4O2) 33.5

Linoleum (CigHjaOg) 52.5

Linolenova (С НзоОг) 2,3

The ACID mixture is distilled under vacuum at 200-220 ° C and a residual pressure of 2-3 mm Hg. Art., after which it interacts with ammonia at 280-300 ° C in the presence of

zinc dust catalyst (0.5% by weight of fatty acids). The resulting nitriles are distilled at 200-210 ° C and a residual pressure of 2-4 mm Hg. Art. The yield of distilled nitriles 70%. Prior to primary amines, they are hydrogenated at 70-80 ° C for 2-4 hours in a weakly alkaline medium (1 ° / nd NaOH alcohol solution) over a Ni-Rene catalyst (5% by weight of nitriles), then the primary amine is filtered off from the catalyst and alcohol is distilled off. The output of amines 95Vo from the theory.

In order to obtain a demulsifier-corrosion inhibitor-cleaner I, obtained

from a mixture of saturated and unsaturated acids, the amine is exposed to methylating agents (formalin and formic acid) in an alcohol-aqueous medium at 80-85 ° С, then it is treated with chloride at 60 ° С

methyl.

Example 2. A complex demulsifying agent - corrosion inhibitor - cleaner P is obtained from the primary alkylamine of the above mixture of fatty acids. For

Thereby, about 1.2 g / L1 of the product obtained in Example 1 is loaded into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a bubbler and a venting tube connected to the cleaning system (Tishchenko's flasks) and heated to 100 ° C. Then, the contents of the reactor are flushed with nitrogen, and then ethylene oxide is fed there with constant stirring of the reaction mass. The temperature of the mass is maintained at about 120 ° C.

In the process of ethoxylation, the temperature of the reaction mass initially ranges from 100 to 120 ° C, and at the end is kept at about 180 ° C, since the reaction proceeds with the evolution of heat. The reactor is periodically cooled to maintain a constant temperature. To stimulate the ethoxylation process, solid sodium hydroxide 0.03 g / g is added to the reaction mass. First, the oxyethylation reaction proceeds rapidly, and then, after the formation of dioxyalkylamine (uptake of 2 mol of ethylene oxide per 1 mole of the indicated amine), fades.

The oxyethylation process is continued until 12-15 mol of ethylene oxide is absorbed per 1 mol of taken fatty amine, after which the treatment with ethylene oxide is stopped, the contents of the reactor are purged with nitrogen, the reaction mass is cooled and unloaded into a clean glass stopper.

The test results of complex-acting demulsifiers I and II on an oil sample containing 3.8% chloride salts (6770 mg / l) are listed in the table.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. A method of dehydrating and desalting petroleum emulsions by introducing surfactants into them, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of demulsifiers and also to prevent corrosion, the quaternary ammonium salt prepared from a mixture of limit and unsaturated fatty acids containing 5-15 hydroxyethyl groups ethoxylated amine obtained from a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, or their mixture. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that soybean oil acids are used as a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.