SU1837953A3 - Method and apparatus for manufacture of dispersed protectable color components - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical technology and can find applications in the chemical-photographic industry: for obtaining fine dispersions of protected color components with an average

the particle diameter of the dispersed phase is not more than 0.1 μm,

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the dispersion process.

Nafig. 1 shows a diagram of an installation for dispersing dispersions of protected color components; in fig. 2 - longitudinal section of the proposed device; in Fig, 3, - section A-A in Fig. 2; in fig. 4 stationary bushing connected to an adjustable pressure source; in fig. 5 - medium inlet pipe with baffles and additional high-speed converters; in fig. 6 - section b-b in Fig. five; in fig. 7 - twisting of the sectors of elastic partitions.

The installation consists of a dispersing device 1, supply tanks 2, a container for finished products 3, heat exchangers 4 and 5, a supply line 6, an outlet line 7, a recirculation line 8. The dispersing device 1 consists of a housing 9 with a medium inlet 10 and an outlet 11 The stator 12 is installed in the housing. It is made in the form of concentrically located cylinders 13 with radial slots 14. Between the cylinders 13, the cylinders 15 of the rotor 16 and the blades 17 are arranged concentrically. The cylinders 15 also have radial slots 14. The cylinders 15 of the rotor 16 are located on the disk 18. On the opposite side, an adapter 19 is attached to the disc, by means of which the disc is attached to the shaft 20. A sleeve 21 with a seal and a fitting 22 is mounted on the shaft. The shaft 20 is hollow. The adapter 19 has alternating projections and depressions on the lateral surface. The shaft 20 is kinematically connected to a drive (not shown in the drawing). An ultrasonic transducer 23 is installed in the nozzle 10. The tightness of the connection is ensured by an elastic element 24. The transducer 23 is installed along the rotor axis 15. In the lateral surface of the nozzle, an opening for injecting dispersed liquids with a nozzle 25 is made. The inlet nozzle 25 is connected to the supply tanks 2 via the supply lines 6, through the heat exchanger 4 „The outlet nozzle 11 is connected through the heat exchanger 5 via the line 7 to the finished product tank 3. In addition, the outlet line 7 is connected through the recirculation line 8 to the supply line 6 ...

In the input device 10 on the rod of the transducer 23, additional high-speed transducers 28 are installed, spaced from the speed transducer 28 located at the end of the transducer 23 at distances that are multiples of the ultrasonic wavelength. Elastic partitions 29 are installed between additional speed converters. Radial slots 30 of various lengths are made in elastic partitions 30. These slots form sectors 32 which are twisted. The direction of twisting of the sectors 32 of two adjacent partitions is different. The hole in the elastic partitions 30 is made with a smaller diameter than the diameters of the speed converters 29 and 28.

The plane of the speed converter 29 is located parallel to the plane of the rotor disk at a distance:

where I is the relative distance (dimensionless value);

I is the distance from the plane of the converter to the rotor disk (in this case, I <2d _n (d _n - see below);

L is the length of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transducer, a, q are natural numbers, the quotient of which is a fractional number.

In the lateral surface of the branch pipe, at least one opening for the input of dispersible components is made, located in the axial direction at a distance (P) from the plane of the converter, equal to lj = (2 - 3) d, where d is the inner diameter of the branch pipe, while the diameter the branch pipe is equal to d = (1.1 - 1.5) d _n , where d _{n is the} diameter of the plane of the speed converter.

Due to the placement of the injection hole of the components at a distance (2 - 3) d from the plane of the velocity transducer, the dispersed medium remains for the required time in the region of transverse (shear) vibrations generated by the ultrasonic radiation rod. This, first of all, facilitates the dispersion process.

The location of the plane of the speed converter at a distance from the plane of the rotor disk equal to 1 / A = a / q, with a / q being a fractional number, leads to the fact that the disk (its plane) is located in the zone of a standing wave with a maximum amplitude. The limitation of the distance to I <2d _n is due to a decrease in the dissipation of the energy of the standing waves that generate the oscillations of the rotor disk. This, in turn, leads to intense vibrations of the rotor disc in the axial direction.

The connection of the rotor disk to the shaft by means of an adapter made in the form of a sleeve with alternating protrusions and frost on the lateral surface allows the rotor arm to oscillate in the axial direction with a much greater amplitude than in the case of a rigid connection of the AL to the disk.

Making the shaft and the adapter hollow, ί connecting it by means of a stationary sleeve with a seal that ensures hermeticity between the sleeve and the shaft, with a source of controlled pressure allows, by changing the pressure in the shaft cavity ί the adapter, to change the rigidity of the adapter, thereby changing the natural vibration frequency _f = _ρ_ = _1_ <Ξ2Γ l 2 l tpr de f is the natural frequency 1 / s; p - circular frequency 1 / s:

7G = 3.14 ..;

С - rigidity of the disk-adapter-shaft system;

t _P p - reduced mass (mass of dispersed liquid) in the apparatus, mass of the disk, mass of the adapter.

Stiffness C depends on the prestressing in the disc-adapter-shaft system, which, in turn, is adjusted by changing the pressure in the thickness of the adapter / shaft system. Thus, it is possible to adjust the frequency of natural oscillations of the rotor disk in accordance with the properties of the dispersed medium, which change not only depending on the properties of the components, but also during a single dispersion process.

The connection of the ultrasonic transducer with the nozzle by means of an elastic element ensures a free process of oscillations of the emitter and ensures the tightness of the cavity of the inlet nozzle.

Installation of additional high-speed transducers on the ultrasonic transducer at distances that are multiples of the wavelength of ultrasonic radiation, leads to the fact that the dispersed medium is subjected to additional action from additional high-speed transducers. This intensifies the dispersion process.

The installation of components in the inlet pipe between the speed converters of elastic partitions, the inner diameter of which is less than the diameter of the speed converters, leads to intensification of the dispersion process due to an increase in the degree of turbulence in the lotus of the dispersed medium, the occurrence of cavitation phenomena not only on the speed converters, but also on the partitions. These phenomena arise due to the inconvenient hydrodynamics of the component injection pipe and the significant speed of the medium moving here.

Execution of radial slots of various lengths in elastic partitions, which form sectors with different natural vibration frequencies, leads to an intensification of the process due to oscillations of individual sectors with different frequencies, due to unsteady processes of fluid flow behind elastic partitions and exposure to it in the cavities between them high-speed converters. In addition, imparting swirl to the sectors (at two adjacent partitions, it is directed in different directions) leads to the fact that the liquid medium flowing around the speed transducer has not only an axial (flow) velocity component, but also a tangential one due to flow swirling. This further turbulizes the flow, increases the residence time of the liquid in the area of intense action of high-speed converters, which leads, in general, to intensification of the process. Changing the direction of the swirl intensifies the mixing process, which in turn facilitates the dispersion process.

The device works as follows. From the supply containers 2, the dispersible components through the supply lines 6 and the heat exchanger 4 are fed to the fitting 25 of the branch pipe 10 of the disperser 1. The shaft 20 rotates from the drive, and the ultrasonic transducer 23 connected to the ultrasound source (not shown in the drawing) makes ultrasonic vibrations. The liquid to be dispersed enters the inlet pipe 10. Here it is premixed. Moving along the rod of the transducer-23, it is exposed to ultrasonic waves propagating in it. These waves create shear stresses in a heterogeneous dispersible medium, due to which there is a decrease in interfacial surface tension, which lowers the energy of dispersion, facilitating this process. In the event that elastic partitions 31 are installed in the input branch pipe 10, and additional speed transducers 28 are installed on the ultrasonic transducer 23, the dispersed medium moves in the channel of variable cross-section formed by the walls of the branch pipe 10, with the ultrasonic transducer 23

Ί additional speed transducers 28 installed on it, elastic partitions 30 and a transducer rod 23. In this case, in the cavities formed by elastic partitions 30, additional high-speed transducers 28 intensively affect the dispersed medium, exciting acoustic waves in it. They, in turn, excite vibrations in the elastic partitions 30, and in particular in the sectors 32. Having different lengths, the sectors 32 (since they are formed by slots 31 of different lengths) have different natural vibration frequencies. Due to this, an acoustic field with a wide frequency spectrum of vibrations is created in the inlet pipe, which contributes to the intensification of the dispersion process. Flowing around the vibrating sectors 32, which have a swirl, the medium to be processed acquires additional rotational motion. At the same time, moving in the bushing pipe 10 at significant speeds along a channel with poorly streamlined elastic partitions and additional speed converters, which, in turn, perform acoustic vibrations (vibrations), the dispersed liquid is subjected to intense hydraulic shocks that cause cavitation in it.

This, in turn, contributes to the intensification of the dispersion process. Getting into the region of intense standing waves generated by the speed converter 29, the medium being processed is subjected to further dispersion, in addition, they (standing waves) cause axial vibrations of the disc 18 of the rotor 16. These vibrations are possible due to the fact that the disc 18 is connected to the shaft 20 by means of an adapter 19 which has elastic properties in the axial direction due to the presence of projections and depressions on the lateral surface. The frequency and amplitude of these vibrations depends on the rigidity of the adapter -. These parameters must be changed depending on the physicochemical properties of the liquid to be dispersed. They also need to be changed during repeated processing, since the size of the particles of the dispersed phase changes. The change in the rigidity and, consequently, the frequency-amplitude characteristics of the "adapter-disk" system is made from a source of variable pressure through the fitting 22 by increasing or decreasing the pressure in the cavity of the shaft 20 and the adapter 19. The pressure is transmitted using a fixed sleeve 21. Moving inside the housing 9 the medium to be treated is further dispersed and thoroughly mixed due to intense hydro-mechanical action in the gaps between the cylinders 13 of the stator 12 and the cylinders 15 of the rotor 16. It is furthermore subjected to intense influences from the radial walls of the slots 27 and 14, which excite acoustic waves in it. The rotor blades 17 due to centrifugal force create; pressure in the processed medium, due to which it moves inside and outside the apparatus,

In addition, unlike the known devices, the medium to be dispersed undergoes axial acoustic vibrations from the side of the disk 18. This intensifies the dispersion process. In the stator cavity, there are acoustic vibrations both in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation and in the direction of this axis. In this case, intensive mixing of the dispersed components occurs, which excludes the process of aggregation, coagulation, since surfactants have time to adsorb from the medium onto the newly formed surfaces of the dispersed phase. Due to this, in the proposed device, the dispersion process proceeds faster than in the known devices. The connection of the emitter of ultrasonic vibrations 23 with the input device 10 by means of an elastic element 24 makes it possible to seal the cavity of the dispersing device 1 on one side, and on the other hand, to eliminate interference in the operation of the emitter. The medium to be treated leaves the device 1 through the outlet pipe 11. Then it goes through the outlet line 7 and the recirculation line 8, through the heat exchanger 5, respectively, or into the container of the finished product 3 or returns to the dispersing device 1 for reprocessing. Depending on the physical properties of the dispersed liquid using a source of controlled pressure 26 by changing the axial stiffness of the adapter 19, the most optimal mode of axial vibrations of the rotor disk 16 is selected. Using heat exchangers 4 and 5, the temperature of the dispersed medium supplied to the dispersing device 1 is regulated, also for cooling the medium leaving the device.

Examples 1-42. The color-forming protected component is dissolved in a high-boiling organic solvent or a mixture of solvents at .80 - 90 ° C. The resulting solution is subjected to dispersion in a 10% gelatin solution containing a surfactant by simultaneous ultrasonic and me9 <·.

Hanny processing in the proposed device for dispersion at a temperature of 50 - 80 ° C.

The technical names of the original projects. the composition and characteristics of the obtained 5 / dispersions, as well as the parameters of the process / and dispersion are given in the table.

The following compounds were used as initial products in the preparation of dispersions: 10

1. Color-forming components:

a) derivatives of aromatic acid:

- <5- (2,4-ditretamylphenoxy) butylamide of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (ZG-97). fifteen

- “- (2,4-ditretamylphenoxy) propylamide-1-hydroxy-2,4-dichloro-3-methyl benzoic acid (C-213),

-2 ', 5'-dichloroanilide-3- (2,4-ditretam ylphenoxy) acetylaminobenzoylacetic acid 20 (ZZh-57),

b) pyrazolone derivatives - 5:

-1-phenyl 3 {3 '- [a- (2,4'-di (tertamylfec oxy) 7butyroylamino] benzoyl amino} -tyrazolone-5 (ZP-7) 25

-1- (2 ', 4', 6-trichlorophenyl- [3- (2,4 * di (gretamyl phenoxyacetyl amine o) ben zoi lgmino] -pyrazolone-5 (ZP-24)

-3- [2-chloro-5- (octadecyloxalatoamido) with nilino] -pyrazolone-5 (M-651) 30

c) derivatives of pivaloylacetic acid:

-y- [2 ', 4'-ditretamylphenoxy-propions mido] -anilide (3-hydandoyl) -pivaloylacetic acid (U-488) .35

-2'-chloro-5'- "- (2,4-ditretamylphenoxy) -butyroylamino] -anilide -" - (4-carboxyphenoxy) pivaloylacetic acid (H-596)

2. Surfactants 40

a) disodium salt of diethyl effect Ν- y ^ decyloxypropyl- ^ 3-carboxy-βsulfopropionyl) aspartic acid (ZV-1147) - 40% aqueous solution (TU 6-14S 81-79) 45

b) sodium salt of di-a-ethylhexyl gfyr of sulfosuccinic acid SV-102 (TU ¢ -14-935-80) -40% aqueous solution

c) isooctylphenoxypolyglycol (SV105-12) TU 6-14-325-77) 50

d) sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SV81) TU 6-01-1279-83.

3. High boiling solvents:

a) dibutyl phthalate (DBP)

b) triphenyl phosphate (TPP) 55

c) tricresyl phosphate (TCP)

d) tributyl phosphate (TBP).

Examples 43 - 44. According to the method of make-up 1, dispersions of the protected component are obtained by dispersing the starting products only in a colloid mill.

Examples 45 - 47. According to the procedure of Example 1, dispersions of the component to be protected are obtained by dispersing the starting materials only in a rotary-pulsating apparatus.

Examples 48-49 According to the procedure of Example 1, dispersions of the component to be protected were prepared by subjecting the mixture of starting products to ultrasound only.

Example 50 (prototype). According to the method of a. from. No. 802907 receive the dispersion of the protected component.

As can be seen from the data in the table, the method proposed by the authors for obtaining dispersions of the protected colored components in combination with the proposed device makes it possible to obtain fine dispersions (d <0.1 μm), and the process itself is characterized by high productivity and intensity.

Known devices - (colloid mill, RPA) do not provide for the production of fine dispersions (d <0.1 μm), and ultrasonic dispersers (for example, UZDN-1) are characterized by low productivity.

As follows from the data in the table, the highest dispersion efficiency, estimated by the average particle size of the dispersion (d), is achieved at a temperature of 60 - 80 ° C.

Thus, the proposed method for producing fine dispersions protected. colored components (d <0.1 μm) in combination with the proposed device in comparison with the prototype method is characterized by higher intensity and productivity. In addition, the proposed method is simpler, since it does not require the use of non-ionic surfactants (for example, isooctylphenoxypolyglycol), as well as an additional and high-boiling solvent, triphenylphosphate.

The technical advantage of the proposed method and device for its implementation in comparison with the known is an increase in productivity, a decrease in dispersion time, a decrease in energy costs, and an improvement in the quality of the obtained dispersions.

Claims (6)

Claim 1. A method of obtaining dispersions of colored protected components by dissolving the component in a high-boiling solvent, introducing the resulting solution into a water-gelatin solution and dispersing the resulting mixture in the presence of an ionic surfactant, characterized in that, in order to intensify the dispersion process, dispersion is carried out in a device containing a drive shaft, a housing with a central nozzle for inlet of the medium and a nozzle for its outlet, inside which cylinders with rotor and stator slots fixed on disks are concentrically placed and an ultrasonic vibration generator made in the form of an elastic element fixed by means of an elastic element in the inlet of the medium along its axis ultrasonic transducer with a speed transducer located at its end, the plane of which is located parallel to the plane of the rotor disk at a distance 7 I _ d? 7 ~ q 'where I is the relative distance (dimensionless value); I is the distance from the plane of the high-speed converter to the rotor disk, I <2dn, dn is the diameter of the plane of the high-speed converter; λ is the wavelength of ultrasonic vibrations; a, q are natural numbers, the quotient of which is a fractional number, while in the lateral surface of the branch pipe there is at least one hole for the inlet of dispersed liquids, located at a distance from the plane of the speed converter h = (2 - 3) d, where d is the inner diameter of the nozzle, while the diameter of the nozzle d = (1.1 - 1.5) d _n ., where d _n is the diameter of the plane of the speed converter, and the rotor disk is installed on the shaft by means of an adapter made in the form of a sleeve with alternating on the lateral surfaces with protrusions and depressions, and dispersion is carried out in fields with a velocity gradient of 23.5'10 ' ³ mm / cm at a temperature of 50 - 80 ° C. 2. A device for obtaining dispersions of colored protected components, containing a drive shaft, a housing with a central inlet and outlet branch pipe, inside which cylinders with rotor and stator slots fixed on disks and an ultrasonic vibration generator are concentrically placed inside it. in that, in order to intensify the dispersion process, the generator of ultrasonic vibrations is made in the form of an ultrasonic transducer fixed by means of an elastic element in the medium inlet pipe along its axis with a speed transducer located at its end, the plane of which is located parallel to the plane of the rotor disk at a distance 7_ I _ d where I is the relative distance (dimensionless value); I is the distance from the plane of the speed converter to the rotor disk. 1 <2dn, where d _n is the diameter of the plane of the speed converter; λ is the wavelength of ultrasonic vibrations; a, q are natural numbers, the quotient of which is a fractional number, while in the lateral surface of the branch pipe there is at least one hole for inlet of dispersed liquids, located at a distance from the plane of the speed converter h = (2 - 3) d, where d is inner diameter of the nozzle, while the diameter of the nozzle d = (1.1 - 1.5) d _n , where dn is the diameter of the plane of the speed converter, and the rotor disk is mounted on the shaft by means of an adapter made in the form of a bushing with projections alternating on the lateral surface and depressions. 3. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that, in order to change the frequencies of natural vibrations of the rotor disk, the shaft is hollow and equipped with a sleeve with a seal, which is connected by means of a pipeline to a source of controlled pressure. 4. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the ultrasonic transducer is equipped with additional speed transducers installed at distances from the speed transducer, multiples of the ultrasonic wavelength. 5. The device according to PP. 2 - 4, distinguished by the fact that the medium inlet branch pipe is equipped with elastic partitions installed between the speed converters, while the inner diameter of the partitions is less than the outer diameter of the speed converter. b. Device according to PP. 2-5, characterized by the fact that radial slots of various lengths are made in the partitions, forming separate sectors. 7. The device according to PP. 2 - b, which reflects the fact that the sectors of the partitions are made with a twist, the direction of which is different for two adjacent partitions. Τ ' Pr & "bo ' Example Dispersion conditions Middle Dispersion composition, g •• - - - - comton> content, g solvent content, g 102 solution of gelatin, g LAO containing r water, g stability frequency of ultrasonic vibrations, kHz - _G rotor speed (GPA), rpm time, Mmm temperature, *FROM device capacity, kg / h power absorbed by the device, kW / h dispersion particle diameter, μm 1 2 3 4 ' five 6 7 eight nine ten eleven 12 13 1" 1 ZG-97 tog nw tog 200. SV-114? 11.85 ^- 77.15 By invention 22 3000 eight 60 .3. 1.7 0.09 2 ZG-97 TOG DBF * TFF - STLG 200 SV-1147 7Σ.ΤΓ 77.15 22. 3000 eight. 60 .3 1.7 0.09 3 ZG-97 TT TKF KB 200 SO-114? 22.85 77.15 44 5fto ten 70 7. * 1.9 0.1 4 ZG ^ MSW 7G 200 SV-114? 77.15 44 7000 eight 80 3. 2 0.7 five ZG-97 TO " TBF TG goo * CD-I 02 2ΙΤΓ 77.15 22 4000 ten 80 7, * 1.8 oh, 1 6 ZG-97 TOG D6 * 67G 200 SO — 102 π, st. 77.15 _R. 44 7000 eight . 70 3 2 0.09 7 ZG-97 TG DBF TG 200 SV-1147 12 785 " 77.15 22 2000 12 70. 7.0 1.6 0.21 eight S-213 TOG DBP + TFP. ST + 2TT " 200 SO-114? 12785 " 77.15 -AND. 22 5000 eight 70 3 1.9, 0.09 nine S-213 TB - TCP st— 200 S0-102 " 77.15 22. 3000 60 2.4 1.7 0.10 ten S-213 TO TBF 6G 200 22.85 st-102. 22.85 77.15 22 6000 eight . 60 M. 1.95 0.10 and S-213 DBFNFF 200 * SV-1147 U5 " 77.15 44 7000 eight 60 3.0 D 0.10 ST 1.0 + 20 1Ϊ S-213 fifteen" DBF 75 " 200 SV-1147 IL5 ^- 77.15 22 5000 12. 50 2.0 1.9 0.16 13 S-213 what-- TBF ST 200 SO-1147 21785 77.15 _Н_ 22. 2000 12 5 °. 2.0 1.6 0.17 fourteen ZZh-57 DE * '* 6Ϊ --- * 200 SV-1147. 72785 " 77.15 44 5000 eight 70 3.0. 1.9 0.08 fifteen ZZh-57 15 " DE * 75 " 200 SO-102. ... 77, ST 77.15 22 5000- eight 60 3.0. 1.9 0.1 sixteen ZZh-57 TOG ^- ... DBFYFF STYAG 200 SV-1147 11.85 77.15 .eleven", 22 7000 ten ⁷⁰ 2. * ' 2. Q, 06 17 ZZh-57 TG TKF 200 * SO-102 27, VT 77.15 44 5000 eight 80 3.0 1.9. 0.08 18 ZZH-57 TOG TBF 200 SO-1147 12785 " 77.15 ²² 2000 12 50. 2.0 1.6 0.18 nineteen ZP-7 TG DBF ST 200 SO-1147 · 72785 " 77.15 ·· "· 22 .6000 " 12 70 2.0 1.95 0.1 ²⁰ ZP-7 TG TKF • 7G 200 * SR-1147 217VG ^- 77.15 44 1 6000 12 60 2.0 1.95 0.1 21 ZP-7 TG DBFNFF ' ST + 20 200 SV-102 72T7G ' 77.15 22 5000 ten 70 2.4 l 1.9 0.1. 22 ZLg7 TB TBF TG 200 SV-102 77, ST ~ 77.15 44 2000 12 58 2.0 ', 6 0.22 23 ZP-7 TB TKF ' ST " 200 SV-1147 GgTZ - 77.15 -Ί- 22 2000 12 80. 2.0 1.0 0.18 24 ZP-24 • TOG ^- DBF ST 200 SO-1147 1Σ73Γ ^- 77.15 .eleven. 22 500Q ten 70 2.4 1.9 0.1 25 ZP-24 tog ^- TKF TG 200 SO-102 gTST ⁷ 77.15 .If. 44 7000. ten 60 2.Λ 2 0.1 26 zp-24 TOG TBF ST 200 SV-1147 11.85 " ... 77.15 22 5000 ten 60 2. * 1.9 0.1 Table continuation P ...... t l / .. '[ - _t - _t and 6 ΞΙ : ζι - ;; _T -and --P-] - “- η 27 ZP-26 TBF 200 SO-1167 77.15 According to the image 22 5000 12 * ιθ 2.0 1.9 0.19 ~ π ~ 67G 22.85. retreat .28 M-651 DBF 200 SO-1167 '77, 15 22 5000 ten 70 2, 4 1.9 0.08 ~ m ~ 7G 27/88 " 29 m-651 TKF 200 SO-1167 77.15 66 5000 eight 70 З.о 1.9 0.09 then- ... ST " 22.85 thirty M-651 TBF 200 SO-102 77.15 66 6000 eight 60 z.o 1.98 0, 1 TOo “ 65 “. 27785 " L m-651 TBF 200 SO-102 77.15 66 2000 12 50 2.0 1 Λ 0.16 TO ^- 65 ", 77, TO 32 U-488 DBF 200 SV-1167 77.15 _n_ 22 5000 ten 60 2.4 1.9 0.1 then 65 " 77.8'5 '' 33 U-B88 TBF 200 SO-1167 77.15 _1 |. 22 5000 ten 70 2.4 1.9 0.08 ~ 25 " TU 77, TO “ 34 U-438 DBFeTFF W * SV-102 77.15. .... Jilt 5000 ten 60 2.4 1.9 0.09 "TO" 40 + 25 77, TO 35 U-488 TKF 200 SO — 102 77.15 .eleven. 22 7000 eight 60 3.0 2 0.1 then * TO 22.85 " 36 U-688 TKF t ’200 SO-102 77.15 -h_ 22 2000 12 60, • 2.0 2.6 0.18 "TO" 65 ", 57/85 " 37 N-596 TBF 200 CD- "147 77.15 22 5000 ten 60 2.4 1.9 oh, 1 TU " 77/85 38 N-596 TBF 200 SO-102 77.15 22 6000 ten 70 2.4 1.95 0.1 "TO" " 75 " 22.85. 39 N-596 TBF4-DBF 200 S0-1167 77.15 -AND. 66 ' 6000 ten 60 2.4 1.95 0.1 60 + 2P 77, TO. * 40 N-596 DBP + TBP 200 * SO-1167. 77J5 66 ,: 6000 ten 60. 2-, 4 1.95 0.09 “TO ·. OD + 2R 77/85 *eleven 'N-596 TCF + TBF 200 SV-102 77.15 .eleven. 22 5000 ten 60 2.4 1.9. 0.1 .that ··· 60 + 2P 77.85 " 42 N-596 TBP. 200 SV-102 77.15 22. 2000 12. 50 2.4 1.8 0.20 75 ' 77, TO " , ^ 3 ZG-97 DBF 200 SO-1167 77.15 coloid < - · 7000 20 60 1.2. 2.2 0.35 TO TO . ' 22/85 mill by (3) till m-651 TBF 200 SV-102 : 77.15 - 6000 20. 60 1,2 2.2 0.32 75 " 77 / 85- 65 S-213 DBF, 200 SV-102 77.15 GPA ‘ 6000 zo 60 0.8 0.55 0.30 "TO" then ^ 27785 " by (9) 46 ZP-26 DBF 200 S0-1147 77.15 6000 zo 60. 0.8- 0.55 0.36 25 7U " 22785. ’· "47 U-488 TBF 200 SO-116? 77.15 -Chg 6000 thirty 60 0.8 0.55 0.35 25 " 75 " 72785 * 48 m-651 DBF ten 1.3 3.7 UZDN-1 22 .. 6 60 0,.? ·. ι, 4 0.12 o ^- s, 5 according to GOST 15150-69 OD S-213 DBF ten 1.3 '3.7 .It. 66. -. 6 70 0.2 ' 1.4 0.12 170 ~ " ZTO 50 ZG-2 DBP + TFP 300 Colloid ... - 6000 thirty OD 0.8 2.2 ο, ι 'gK' 50 + 2 < mill by A. from. 302307 Prototype +8 MP SV-105 12 - Contains Aerosil Tsarhi 300 (GOST 1OD22-77) in an amount of 1.5 g - Determined using electron microscopy. £ FIG. 1. A-A 13 OZigZ FIG. ABOUT B-δ 31 29 31 FIG. 7