SU1796096A1 - Storehouse for agricultural produce - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of technology of elevator-storage facilities and can be used for storage and ventilation of agricultural products while maintaining it on open areas of currents of collective farms and state farms, in bins for farmers, under awnings and in covered storage facilities for grain receiving and processing enterprises.

There are known permanent and temporary warehouses with outdoor portable devices for storing and ventilating grain, including in open areas and seeds in bins, containing wooden boards and trellises, laid out in a specific order on the floor of warehouses or platforms and connected through transition pipes to fans.

Wooden shields placed on the floor. the gratings protrude above its level, make it difficult to use mobile vehicles in the storehouse or on the site, break almost annually by half or more, move from established places, form cracks that become clogged with grain spills and fail.

A significant amount of high-quality lumber is consumed annually to equip storage facilities with portable devices for storing and ventilating grain. The operation of such devices is accompanied by the use of a large amount of unproductive and heavy manual labor for the distribution, layout and cleaning of shields and gratings, overlapping gaps and leaks between them, re. mounting broken parts, etc. ·

All of the above is accompanied by significant overhead costs of funds, and the devices 5 themselves are technically morally and physically obsolete and practically unsuitable for use. The safety of agricultural products is low and expensive.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a warehouse equipped with a device for ventilating agricultural products. The ventilation device includes a fan 15 connected to the main air duct. The latter is located above the surface, the embankment under the roof of the warehouse is stationary. To the branches of the main duct through flexible sleeves 20 mobile air distributors are connected, made in the form of an inverted funnel, the lower wide part of the storage raised above the floor. As follows from the description, this device can be used to ventilate agricultural products only in the warehouse in which it is installed and, in principle, not. it can be applied in another place even in the most urgent need of it, 30 although it is equipped with mobile air distributors.

In practice, the prototype is also unsuitable for use in open areas, as it does not provide protection for stored and 35 processed products from the effects of rainfall and its safety.

Due to the stationary air supply system, the prototype cannot be used as a mobile complex for storing and ventilating agricultural products in various places and the possibility of its practical use is limited by the construction site.

A prototype outside the warehouse does not provide 45 protection for agricultural products from rainfall and, as a consequence, its safety.

The aim of the invention is to improve the safety of agricultural products 50, regardless of where they are placed using the proposed mobile complex for this. /

This goal is achieved by using the proposed mobile complex 55 in the form of a warehouse for storing agricultural products with a mobile device for ventilation. ·

The mobile complex contains enclosing panels 11, mounted in the form of walls of the warehouse on the floor 16 around the previously placed mobile devices for ventilation (figure 1). The mobile device for ventilation 5 includes an air duct 4 with a fan 3 located in it and an air distributor 5 made in the form of a truncated cone facing down with a large base, and characterized in that in order to increase the safety of products 2, it is provided with a flexible coating 6 with a central hole 14 (Fig. 2) and a rod basket for laying the cover (Fig. 8), mounted on the duct, and folding collectors 15 18 (Fig. 4) for collecting and removing rainfall (Fig. 1), containing articulated sections 15 and 17 each of which is made in the form of a bar-frame with attached flexible gutter 7 20 (Figs. 4 and 5), while on the flexible coating 6 around the perimeter hooks 13 are fastened (Fig. 2) for fixing to the enclosing panels 11 (Fig. 1, b and 9) and the collector frame 18.

The warehouse for storing agricultural products differs from the prototype in that, in order to ensure different intensities of product processing by changing the distance between the devices, it is equipped with a set of additional 30 flexible coatings of various sizes.

Analysis of well-known technical solutions. (analogs) in the studied area, that is, techniques for ventilating agricultural products in storage, on 35 areas and in bins with protection of the embankment from rainfall.

The inventive mobile complex can be delivered to any destination. It can be effectively used 40 for storage and ventilation of products, including in open areas with protection from rainfall.

The same mobile complex can be used sequentially in 45 different places. All of the above makes the mobile complex more advanced in comparison with the analogue and provides increased safety of products.

Figure 1 shows a warehouse for storing 50 agricultural products with mobile devices for ventilation and protecting it from rainfall; in Fig. 2, a flexible coating in expanded form with hooks attached at the edges and openings in the center; in Fig.3 - the upper bar edge of the warehouse panel: in Fig.4 - a folding manifold in the form of a hinged two-section frame with a flexible groove; Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a collapsible collector with hanging θ edges of a flexible coating connected by hooks to the frame: in Fig. 6, the placement of the upper bar edge on the warehouse panel; in Fig.7 - a mobile device for ventilation with a freely hanging flexible coating when moving or storing: in Fig.8 a mobile device for ventilation with a retracted flexible coating in a bar basket before loading the warehouse with products; figure 9 - warehouse with a single device for venting products with deployed flexible coating to protect it from rainfall.

On the leveled and compacted (preferably asphalt) floor 16 of the platform or canopy, mobile devices for ventilation 3, 4 and 5 are delivered and placed (Fig. 1). The distance between mobile devices for ventilation is selected when arranging, taking into account the initial conditions of production and air, guided by the principle - the worse the condition, the closer the devices are placed and, most importantly, the current ventilation instructions (1). The actual distance between the mobile devices determines the hinged flexible coating, a set of which is attached to the complex and the dimensions of which are selected by the amount of ventilation modes

After arranging and fixing the locations of mobile devices for ventilation, proceed to the construction of fences around them or erect the walls of the future warehouse from 1G panels. The latter are sealed from the inside with a film or glassine 12 (Figs. 1 and 9), in places of possible spills of products and near the floor, in order to avoid air leaks during ventilation.

Product loading is carried out either by dump trucks, driving directly to the site through one of the warehouse-free sides of the warehouse, or by special devices for this over the walls of the warehouse. The height of the formed party along the perimeter should be less than the height of the enclosing panels, and its surface 8 is evened out if possible (Fig. 1).

To ensure control over the state of the entire mass of the formed lot in any place (for example, temperature, humidity, etc.) during processing and storage only from the side of the warehouse walls, without climbing to the surface of the embankment, mobile ventilation devices are placed on the floor in only one row (figure 1).

A single instance of a mobile device for ventilation contains an air duct 4 with a fan 3 located in it and an air distributor 5. made in the form of a truncated cone, facing down with a large base and raised by the wheels 20 above the floor 16.

In the case of using a mobile device for ventilating products in open areas, additional components are attached to it, which are hung on the duct 4 at the top. Additional parts include a hinged flexible cover 6 with hooks 13 attached to it along the perimeter and with a hole 14 in the center (Fig. 2), as well as a folding manifold 18 (Fig. 4). The latter consists of two rod sections 15 and 17, interconnected pivotally, and a flexible groove 7 (Fig. 4 and 5). In addition, in the upper part of the duct 4, a rod basket 10 is installed in which a flexible coating 6 is placed when loading the warehouse with finished products (Fig. 8). When moving or storing the mobile device itself for its greater stability and better preservation of the flexible coating, the latter hangs on the air duct in a free state (Fig. 7).

The mobile device can be used both in a single copy (Fig. 9), and in any other quantity (Fig. 1), which is determined by the mass and condition of the products to be ventilated and stored.

The practical use of a warehouse with a mobile ventilation device is as follows.

When loading the finished goods warehouse, make sure that the mobile ventilation devices do not move from their places, for which they first direct a stream of granular mass under the wheels 20 of the air distributor 5, thereby fixing the position of each instance. Upon completion of loading the warehouse and waiting for rainfall, straighten the flexible coatings 6, straighten the foldable collectors 18 from the bottom of the hangers, putting hooks 13 of flexible coatings 6 sequentially on the longitudinal bars of sections 15 (Figs. 1 and 5).

The open-air warehouse is prepared for work regardless of the weather, while the loaded products are protected from rainfall 1.

With the correct placement of mobile devices for ventilation and installation on flexible ducts covered with folding collectors, the coating should be raised above the surface 8 of embankment 2 due to the rod comb 19 (Figs. 3 and 6) and have a pronounced bias towards the drain manifolds and the warehouse fence ( figure 1 and 9).

Upon completion of all preparatory operations, fans 3 are turned on for operation, connecting their electric motors with hose electric drives to the mains. The air heated by the fans enters the mass of products 2 from under the air distributors 5 and air currents 9 penetrate the embankment from the bottom up (Fig. 1 and Fig. 9).

Processing of batches, differing in mass and dimensions, is provided by devices by using them in any combination, starting from a single szkemp-10 lar to many together.

The duration of ventilation is determined by the change in state (temperature, humidity, etc.) of the treated mass.

Ventilated products can be stored in this form for the required time. The temperature of the mass during storage is monitored by placed thermometers.

After unloading the warehouse, its components and mobile ventilation devices should be stored under the roof.

Claims (2)

Claim . 1. A warehouse for storing agricultural products, containing enclosing panels and a mobile device for ventilation, including an air duct with a fan located in it and an air distributor made in the form of a truncated cone, facing down with a large base, which is designed to To increase the safety of products, it is equipped with a flexible coating with a central hole and a bar basket for laying the coating, fixed to the air duct and folding collectors for collecting and removing rainfall, soda rzhaschimi hingedly connected sections, each of which is in the form of bar attached to the frame with He0 mu flexible chute, wherein the coating on the flexible perimeter fastened hooks for engaging behind cladding panels and frame collector. 2. The warehouse according to claim 1, with the proviso that 5, in order to provide a different degree of processing intensity by changing the distance between devices, it is equipped with a set of additional flexible ί coatings of various sizes. Figure 1