SU1766440A1 - Aerodynamic training complex - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an aerodynamic training complex and allows improving the safety of the training and reducing energy costs due to the presence of a braking device. 2 hp ff, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to sports simulators and can be used for the psychological preparation of firefighters, parachutists, pilots, mountain rescuers and gas rescuers, to develop their emotional stability to heights, as well as gaming and amusement rides in recreation parks and sports grounds.

A famous Scottish simulator for training parachutists (see Inventor magazine and innovator No. 5.1984, pp. 26-27), which contains a grille, fans and support columns located under it. A distinctive feature of the simulator is that the trainer is equipped with wings (like a bat), which allow you to work out the free-floating technique at a height of 3.5 m, with three fans of 50 hp each. air rises up to speeds of up to 75 m / s and the athlete hovers in a stream of air at a constant height.

The disadvantages of this simulator include the fact that a significant amount (150 hp) of energy is expended on the simulator. In addition, the workout height is limited (up to

3.5 m) does not allow to fully develop immunity to the heights of the trainee.

Also known Simulator for training parachutists in a.c., No. 683171, cl. B 64 D 23/00, G 09 B 9/08, containing a grille, a screw driven drive beneath it, a guide cone fixed by a small base on the bearing case, an annular visor mounted on the free end of the guide cone, and an elastic safety net installed between the bearing case and the guide cone perpendicular to the axis of the latter, while the cone is made of elastic gas-tight material.

The disadvantages of this simulator include the fact that a significant amount of electricity (more than 100 kW-h) is consumed on the simulator, as well as a small training height (no more than 3-4 meters), which does not allow to effectively develop psychological resistance to heights. In addition, this technical solution does not provide for limiting the speed of descent.

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simulator, which generally reduces the safety of the simulator.

The German aerodynamic simulator is known (see the Federal Republic of Germany patent No. 3285488, 1982, cl. A 63 C 27/00, 31/00), which contains a grille, a powered propeller located below it, shaft shafts, viewing platforms with OKYami, safety grids in the bottom of the shaft. A distinctive feature of the simulator is that the trainer can freely float or twist in the shaft at a height of up to 7 meters, while the air from the propeller is recirculated through the built-in ventilation channels.

The disadvantages of this simulator include high energy consumption (over 150 kWh) and a significant cost of construction.

The aim of the invention is to improve workout safety and reduce energy costs.

To this end, a well-known aerodynamic training complex containing a suspension located in a vertical shaft of mine, a propeller with a drive and control cable, a grating for leveling the turbulent air flow and an elastic safety net, an umbrella device and an umbrella with guide carriages located in the shaft of the shaft, emergency catchers, adjustable damper for changing lift force and with tension and brake counterweights, including carrying cable, movable and movable blocks, one of the fixed blocks being installed with the possibility of interaction with the braking device, and the movable one - with the possibility of maintaining the tension of the control cable. The harness includes an umbrella-mounted turnstile, a backrest with seat belts, a safety rim and a trapeze with flexible hangers that are movably connected to the umbrella, and the turnstile, the backrest and the safety rim are interconnected with the possibility of rotation relative to their axes. The braking device of the complex is made in the form of a hydraulic gear pump, the shaft of the drive gear of which is rigidly connected to the wheel of the fixed unit, and the pump hydraulic system has a shut-off valve, in the locking element of which the throttle opening is made. In addition, the brake counterweight contains a damper spring, a pipe with cargo placed in it and interconnected by means of flexible couplings,

round elements and an adjusting spring, with a round hole in the round elements for passing one of the flexible connections, one end

which is rigidly connected to the lower round element, and the other is rigidly connected to the damping and adjusting springs, the lower end of which carries an adjusting halyard for communication with the circular element,

FIG. 1 shows an aerodynamic training complex; in fig. 2 - kinematic scheme of the aerodynamic training complex; in fig. 3 - cut

5A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a kinematic diagram of a brake counterweight to an aerodynamic training complex.

Aerodynamic training complex contains the shaft of mine 1, for example 2

0 which is installed propeller 3 with a drive (fan). A grating 4 is placed above the propeller 3 to reduce the turbulence of the turbulent air flow and convert it to

5 laminar flow. Above the grill 4 is a reinforced elastic mesh

5.In the shaft of mine 1 is a suspension

6, comprising guiding mobile carriages 7 and 8, on which the umbrella 9 is fixed

0 with an adjustable damper 10 and an electric actuator (not shown) for changing lift, emergency catchers 11 and 12, which prevent the suspension 6 from falling when the carrier cable 13 is broken, movably connected to the suspension 6 of the trapezium 14 with flexible suspensions, on which secured the rim 15 with the movably mounted turnstile 16 and the backrest 17 with a safety slider to secure the trainee. The supporting cable 13 passes through the wheels of the fixed blocks 18, at the other end of which counterweights 20 are fixed through the damper springs 19. The wheels of the tele5 and 7 and 8 hanger 6 are placed in guide grooves 21 made in the walls along the shaft 1. The braking device 22 is made in the form of a gear pump in the pipelines 23 of the hydraulic system

0 which has a check valve 24 with a throttling hole 25 in its locking element 26, and the pump drive gear shaft is rigidly connected to the axis of the wheel of the stationary unit 18. To control the electropump of the valve 10, control buttons (not shown), which, through the control circuits and electrical contact rings, made in the movable connections of the backrest 17 with the turnstile 16 and the safety rim 15 with the suspension 6, are connected to the control cable 27 suspended through the wheels of stationary units 28 and movable unit 29 with a counterweight 30. The control cable 27 is connected to the control cabinet (not shown) located in the control room 31. For passage in the shaft of mine 1 there is an inlet 32, and to avoid the air pressure drop in the barrel The shaft 1 of the control room 31 is equipped with a lock chamber 33. In the upper part of the shaft of mine 1 there is a viewing room 34 with a lock chamber 35 and a viewing opening 36 in the floor of room 34. The injected air from the propeller 3 passes through the shaft of mine 1 and ithout an opening 37 in its upper part, and then the vertical air ducts 38 is returned into the inlet fan. In the vertical channel 39 are placed the counterweights 20 and the springs 19, the control cable 27 with the movable unit 29 and the counterweight 30.

The braking counterweight to the aerodynamic training complex (see Fig. 4) contains a damper spring 19, a vertical pipe 40 with successively arranged circular elements 41 in it, adjacent of which are interconnected by a flexible link 42. In the circular elements 41 are made through holes 43 at an angle to the axis of their series connection, in which another flexible connection 44 is placed, is connected at one end to an adjusting spring 45 and a damper spring 19, and its other end 46 is fixed in a through hole 43 of the lower circular lementa 41. The same circular element connected to a flexible linkage 42 with load 47. In order to change braking force and the speed of descent suspension simulator 6, the upper circular element 41 is connected to the adjusting spring 45 by adjusting limiting tether 48.

Aerodynamic training complex works as follows

In the initial position, the backrest 17 of the simulator with seat belts for securing the trainee is in the shaft shaft 1 at a height of about one meter from the floor level (elastic safety net 5) and held in this position from lifting up by counterweights 20 and 30 by a mechanical latch (in the drawing not shown). The trainers (two or three people) with the instructor pass through the lock chamber 33 and enter the room 31 of the control panel, and then one of the trainers together with the instructor

enter through the entrance opening 32 into the shaft of the shaft and the trainer fixes itself with safety belts to the backrest 17. Then the instructor checks the fastening, gives the command to prepare and presses the propeller start button 3 on the control panel. Simultaneously with the propeller 3 turned on, it turns on and interlocked with him is a system for releasing the mechanical latch that holds the suspension 6 from lifting. The air flow from the propeller 3, the passage through the grill 4, rushes upwards to the umbrella 9 and creates a lifting force. If the regulating valve 5 of the umbrella 10 of the umbrella 9 is in the open position, the main air flow will pass through the opening of the valve 10, creating a minimum lifting force on the suspension 6 of the simulator, which is insufficient for

0 lifting trainee up. In this case, the practitioner pushes the button fixed on each side, as a result of which the electric drive is turned on through the control electric circuits that close the flap 10. When the flap 10 closes, the lift force from the air flow acting on the umbrella 9 increases too. closing and opening the valve 10, the trainer achieves, respectively, by lifting the suspension 6. By changing the position of the arms and legs in the incoming air flow, the trainer achieves rotation of the trapezium 14 as around the stem axis

5 of the shaft 1, and the rotation of the turnstile 16 perpendicular to the axis of the shaft of mine 1. In addition, the trainer rotates around the axis of the backrest 17 on the bearing fixed in it. Safety

0, the rim 15, when the trapezoid 14 is rocking, hits the walls of the shaft of mine 1 and prevents the worker from being struck against the wall and causing possible injuries. The wheels of the mobile carriages 7 and 8 of the suspension 6, placed in the guide grooves 21 made along the length of the shaft of mine 1, during their movement exclude the likelihood of skewing and jamming of the suspension 6 inside the shaft of mine 1. When lifting the moving

0 carts inside the shaft of mine 1 to the top mark, before receiving 37 in the wall of the mine, the air flow from the propeller 3 will partially create lift on the umbrella 9, and part of the air flow will go

5, into the opening 37 and through the vent channel 38 to enter the suction nozzle of the propeller 3. As a result, the lift of the simulator is stopped. In addition, the counterweights 20, reaching the floor of the shaft, weaken the lifting force acting on the carrying cable 13,

as a result, the simulator will freeze at the top of the shaft. For lowering the simulator, the trainer presses the button on the opening of the actuator of the adjustable flap 10, the lift from the air flow decreases and the simulator starts to fall down. When movable carriages 7 and 8 reach the lower mark of the shaft of mine 1, a limit switch and a mechanical latch are activated to hold the simulator from lifting upwards (not shown). The propeller motor 3 is turned off and the trainer stands with his feet on the elastic safety net 5, freeing him from the seat belts. To limit the descent speed of the simulator and thereby ensure the safety of the simulator, the wheel of the fixed unit 18 is rigidly attached to the drive gear shaft of the braking device 22, made in the form of a gear pump. When the simulator is lifted, the carrying cable 13 under the action of counterweights 20 causes the wheel of the stationary block 18 to rotate and the gear drive shaft of the gear pump rigidly attached to it, with the result that fluid (oil) will circulate through the non-return valve 24 and the connecting pipes 23 through the closed ring. In doing so, the check valve element 26 opens and does not interfere with the flow of fluid. Therefore, the upward speed of the simulator is not limited. When the carrier cable 13 moves downward, the wheel of the stationary block 18 and, accordingly, the drive shaft of the brake device 22 will rotate in the opposite direction and drive the fluid through pipelines 23 in the opposite direction. As a result, the locking element 26 of the check valve 24 will close its flow area and the liquid will pass through limited quantity through the throttling hole 25, made in the locking element 26 of the check valve 24. As a result, the speed of rotation of the wheel of the fixed block 18 slows down and Twain zamedlits simulator shutter speed. If the carrying cable 13 is broken, the emergency catchers 11 and 12, under the action of tension springs, rotate around their axes at a certain angle and, with their braking devices, lock the movable trolleys 7 and 8 in the shaft shaft 1 and prevent the simulator from falling down. In order to observe the training, the audience passes into the viewing room 34 with a viewing opening 36, and for better observation, the umbrella body 9 and the adjustable valve 10 must be made of a transparent material, such as polycarbonate sheet. Control cable 27, designed to control the actuator of the adjustable shutter 10, is constantly

is in a tensioned position under the action of the counterweight 30. Performing a brake counterweight in the form of 40 round elements 41 sequentially placed in a vertical pipe 41 also allows you to limit the speed of the simulator descent. So, when moving the mobile carts 7 and 8 up, the load 47, respectively, goes down and carries the round elements 41 and the carrying cable 13 secured to them.

5, there is no braking event between the walls of the vertical pipe 40 and the circular elements 41. When moving the mobile carts 7 and 8 downwards, the adjusting spring 45 under the influence of the cable 13 contracts and pulls the flexible link 44 fastened to it, as a result of which the circular elements 41 are displaced from the center line of the vertical pipe 40 and pressed against its walls, due to which inhibition occurs. Than

5 above, the downward movement of the simulator will be accelerated, and with great effort the round elements 41 will be pressed against the walls of the pipe 40 and cause more deceleration. To regulate the braking force accordingly, the descent speed in the brake counterweight provides a limiting halyard 48. By changing the length of the halyard, it is possible to limit the amount of compression of the adjusting spring 45 and thereby change the braking force of the round elements 41. The length of the adjusting halyard 48 is pre-calibrated (empirically) whereby the required braking force is achieved and, accordingly, the optimum speed of the descent of the simulator is achieved.

Performing in an aerodynamic training complex a suspension with an umbrella equipped with an adjustable damper and a counterweight reduces energy 5 the cost of training, and supplying the complex with a brake device made in the form of a gear pump, as well as performing a brake counterweight in the form of successively connected flexible connectors round elements placed in a vertical pipe, allows you to limit the speed of the simulator descent, thus increasing the safety of the trainee and eliminating trauma rev.

Claims (3)

1. Aerodynamic training complex containing a suspension located in the vertical shaft of the mine, a propeller with a drive and a control cable, a grating for leveling the turbulent air flow and an elastic safety net, characterized in that, in order to increase the safety of the workout and reduce energy costs, it has a braking device and an umbrella located in the shaft of the mine with guide carriages, emergency catchers, an adjustable damper for changing the lifting force and a braking and tensioning device balances, including a supporting cable, movable and fixed blocks, one of the fixed blocks mounted to interact with the braking device and movable to maintain the tension of the control cable, while the suspension contains turnstiles connected to the umbrella and a backrest from the belt The safety mounts, safety rim and trapeze with flexible hangers installed with the possibility of mobile connection with an umbrella, and the turnstile, supporting backrest and safety rim are interconnected with the possibility of rotation relative to their axes. Zo 35 2. Complex pop. 1, characterized in that the brake device is made in the form of a hydraulic gear pump, the shaft of the driving gear of which is rigidly connected to the wheel of the stationary unit, and the hydraulic system of the pump has a check valve, in the stop element of which a throttle opening is made. 3. Complex on PP. 1 and 2, which differs from the fact that the brake counterweight contains a damping spring, a pipe with placed in it and connected between by means of flexible links with a load, round elements and an adjusting spring, with a through hole in the round elements for passing one of the flexible connections, one end which is rigidly connected to the lower circular element, and the other rigidly connected to the damper and regulating springs, the lower end of the latter carries an adjusting limiting halyard for communication with the circular element. 22 h Rig.2 18 four% J & / 3 Fig.Z