SU1763382A1 - Equipment for sewage purification - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to sewage systems and is intended for use, for example, in sewage systems of a rural house, sanatorium, administrative complex of industrial enterprises. The purpose of the invention is to increase the degree of wastewater treatment. The wastewater treatment device contains an interconnected reactor with a stirrer and a settling tank with a hopper, an oil supply system, a receiving chamber containing a hopper for coarse impurities, a grate and a filter screen, installed with the possibility of their replacement. In addition, in order to improve the quality of the cleaning device may contain a flotation device connected to the sump in water and oil, made similar to the sump and connected to it in oil scattering socket. 1 hp f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the purification of domestic and organic-containing industrial waters at low costs, and is intended for local use, for example, in the sewers of a rural house, a summer house, a holiday home, a sanatorium, railway and other stations, etc.

A device for purifying water by polydisperse inorganic sorbents is known, comprising a cylindrical body with a conical bottom and an annular groove, a flocculation chamber, a conical mixer, a sorbent recirculation system, a spent sorbent chamber (see auth.S. Me 1369754, CL B 01 D 21/08 1988).

However, even with intensive mixing and recycling of the sorbent, the latter provides cleaning

wastewater only from suspended impurities, dissolved organic matter, which is determined by the biochemical oxygen consumption (BPX), remains in the wastewater, which prevents them from being released into a water body or an absorbing well.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed object is a device for cleaning the condensate of a gas pipeline, which contains an interconnected reactor with a paddle stirrer mounted on a shaft and a sump with a hopper, a reservoir for technical oil and a recirculation oil pump (see auth. Mg 1474089.C C 02 F 1/00 (1989).

In this case, cleaning of condensate with impurities of inorganic origin is carried out, and therefore the device is limited only by the presence of a reactor and

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In addition to the reactor, a device is required for pre-treatment of large impurities, followed by oxidation and removal of dissolved organics using, for example, a flotation tank.

The aim of the invention is to increase the degree of wastewater treatment.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device containing the reactor, the sump and the oil supply system, there is additionally a receiving chamber made in the form of a structure for mechanical cleaning of waste aodes, including a hopper for accumulating large impurities with a means of removing them, a grate and a filter with a high throughput capacity, installed in the guides with the possibility of their replacement, while the input wastewater is made under the layer of spent reagent-mineral oil, eliminating the possibility of yes gas in the installation space; a flotation machine containing a hopper for accumulating and compacting sludge with means for removing it, peripheral trays for collecting and removing oil, an opening for bypassing purified water accumulating between the oil and sludge, a settling tank with a waste pipe, and a dispensing spout placed at the top of the flotator.

In addition, the housing cover is made of separate parts for each housing element and is hinged. The difference from the known devices is the compactness of the device, the unified sump and the flotation cell, the closure of the water circulation circuit (from the flotation cell to the sump). The sectional lid provides usability.

FIG. 1 shows a wastewater treatment device, a plan view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4 - section G-Y in FIG. one; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. one.

The device includes a pipe 1 supplying wastewater sources, the outlet of which is located under the layer of spent oil — to eliminate the possibility of gas escaping outside the device; a receiving chamber 2 for cleaning drains from large impurities; a grid 3 dividing the receiving chamber into two parts and installed in grooves with the possibility of its replacement; a bunker 4 for accumulating heavy impurities; slide valve 5 for periodically releasing heavy impurities from the bunker into a portable container;

a bypass 6 for transferring from the receiving chamber to the reactor, which is closed by a high-capacity filtering mesh, installed in the guides with the possibility of its replacement; a semicircular bottom reactor 7 for contacting the treated liquid with the oil reagent by vigorous stirring with a paddle stirrer; hollow shaft

0 to 8, and the end of which is supplied by means of a reagent-oil pump, rotating in bearings placed in the walls of the housing, having slotted openings on the side of the cavity of each agitator blade; the emptiness of the agitator blades 9, in which one of the walls on the side opposite to the direction of rotation of the mixer, is made with perforations ensuring the rotation of the mixer according to the principle of the Segner wheel;

0 ladles 10 for returning the reagent-oil to the thickness of the treated liquid during operation of the mixer for the purpose of its repeated use for the oxidation of organic matter; the layer of spent reagent oil, floating up in the reactor after its use, is designated 11, the hole 12 for the passage of the treated liquid from the reactor to the sump; a sump 13, equipped with a hopper and peripheral chutes. intended for flotation of oil with impurities and sedimentation of large impurities; a settling tank 14 for accumulating heavy impurities; gate valve 15 slide type for the periodic release of sludge from

5 bunkers; a pipe 16 for discharging purified water from a settling tank, which has two horizontal and one vertical section, while the horizontal section of the pipeline located in the settling tank,

0 is provided with nozzles whose openings are directed downwards: a quick-release coupling 17 for adjusting the height position of the horizontal section of the pipeline interacting with the overflow edge

5 peripheral trays; peripheral trays 18 for collecting and removing oil with oxidized organics; a pipe 19 for bypassing oil with dissolved organic matter from the sump trays into a flotation cell that has a dispersing socket at the outlet, a hole 20. communicating the sump with a flotation cell for discharging the last purified water removed from the sump to the surface of impurities and accumulating in

5 floater between oil and sludge; a flotation cell 21, provided with a hopper and peripheral trays, in which oil floats and is poured into the trays, and the organic impurities are lowered into the bunker; flotation hopper 22 for sludge accumulation, gate valve 23

for periodically discharging sludge from a hopper; peripheral trays 24 flotator for collecting and removing oil; tank 25, which is the working capacity in the reagent-oil circulation system; pipe elbow 26 for discharging oil from the flotation trays; relay 27, which provides automatic switching of the pump into operation when oil leaks from the knee; an oil pump 28 with an electric motor for supplying the reagent-oil to the cavity of the agitator shaft, which starts up automatically during the outflow of oil to the relay, i.e. during the inflow of the source waste into the receiving chamber of the device; oil line 29. attached to the hermetic cap 30; air vents 31 interconnecting all elements of the device; one hundred to 32 ventilation spaced outside the room; cover 33 of the device housing, made of individual elements on the hinges with the possibility of self-closing of each chamber; a funnel 34 at the nozzle with a valve for introducing sulfuric acid into the tank in order to regenerate the oil reagent.

The device works as follows. The operation of the device should begin to be considered with commissioning works. Mineral oil, which is treated with excess sulfuric acid, is poured into the oil reagent tank 25, since it is subsequently used in the wastewater treatment process. Repeatedly through the circulating system; After that, the receiving chamber, the reactor, the settling tank and the flotation cell are filled with clean water, then the oil pump 28 is manually turned on and the oil is fed into the reactor in the volume required before the oil is completely flooded with the ladle 10.

After the device has been filled with clean water and oil, the system of automatic switching on and off of the oil pump, functioning when the relay interacts with the trigger mechanism, is checked, while the oil leaks out of the flotation cell and enables the pump to be turned on, stopping the flow - turning it off.

In addition, after filling the device with clean water and oil, the optimum level of the tray of the horizontal section of the purified water discharge pipe is determined taking into account the simultaneous release of oil from the flotation cell through the trays with overflow edge having a constant mark, and taking into account the specific weight of soda and oils, while the tray mark of the horizontal section of the bypass pipe is taken slightly below the level of the overflow edge of the tray, but is refined practically with the aid of a slip coupling 17 placed on the vertical section of the bypass pipe 16 by twisting or unwinding the clutch.

After conducting commissioning works, the sewage treatment plant of low sewage works as follows.

The original wastewater through pipe 1 enters the receiving chamber 2, divided by lattice 3 into two parts, with the outlet of the pipe located under the layer 11 of the spent reagent-oil, which excludes the possibility of gas penetration into the cleaning device room. In the receiving chamber, the solid phase in the form of large impurities is lowered into the hopper 4, from which periodically through the valve 5 is released into a portable container.

From the receiving chamber, the liquid phase of the effluent through the grate 3 and filter mesh 6 with high throughput enters the reactor 7, in which, using a paddle stirrer, intensively mixes with the reagent oil, treated with sulfuric acid, an oxidizer of organic pollutants, as a result As a result, the concentration of dissolved organics determined by the biochemical oxygen consumption (BOD5) is reduced to a degree that allows the discharge of treated effluents into an open water body or an absorber well.

From the tank 25, the reagent-oil is pumped through the oil pipe 29 into a sealed cap 30, from which the reagent-oil flows into the shaft 8 of the agitator under the pressure of the pump and then spreads along the cavity of the agitator blades, then the output from them into the thickness of the processed fluid, while ensuring that the stirrer rotates on the principle of the Segner wheel.

The waste oil accumulating in the upper part of the reactor in the form of a layer 11 with the help of buckets 10 during rotation of the stirrer moves into the thickness of the treated liquid in order to reuse it for the oxidation of organic matter. Wastewater treated in the reactor together with a part of the oil through a slot 12, the length of which is equal to the width of the reactor, is transferred to a sump 13, in which oil with oxidized organic matter rises, overflows into trays 18, and then goes through pipe 19 to the flotator 21 and large non-floating impurities are lowered into the bunker 14, periodically removed from it through the valve 15

water through the nozzles on the pipe 16 with the holes directed downward is directed to the absorption well, and the height adjustment of the horizontal section of the outlet pipe interacting with the overflow edges of the trays is controlled with the pressure coupling 17, respectively twisting or spinning.

The floater separates the liquid into three phases: oil, purified water and sediment, counting from top to bottom, with purified water opening 20 flowing into the sump, and the sediment accumulating in the bunker 22, after its compaction, is removed through valve 23. Oil rising upward, is poured into trays 24, of which over the knee, 26 is poured onto the relay 27, which switches the pump 28 into operation.

The device is vented through the opening 31 connecting all the elements of the housing body and the conduit 32 discharged to atmosphere.

The regeneration of the oil reagent in order to maintain its oxidizing ability is carried out by introducing sulfuric acid into the tank 25 through a funnel 34 placed on the nozzle with a valve.

The proposed device for sewage treatment of small sewage has the following advantages over the prototype: the area of using the device as local treatment facilities is expanded, for example, for a single rural house; reduced energy consumption and cost of wastewater treatment due to the automatic operation of the device, and the repeated use of mineral oil reagent; eliminating the need for building external sewer networks due to the possibility of discharging treated wastewater to an absorption well.

Claims (2)

1. A sewage treatment unit containing a communicating reactor with an agitator mounted on a shaft, a sump with a sludge hopper and peripheral oil trays, a reagent tank and an oil pump connected by an oil pipe to the reactor, characterized by that, in order to increase the degree of wastewater treatment, it is equipped with a receiving chamber with an impurity bin, with a grid and filtering mesh, which are installed in the guides with the possibility of replacement. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact. that it is provided with a flotation cell with a sludge hopper and peripheral oil trays connected to an oil reagent tank and a settling tank through a branch pipe with a scattering socket located in the upper part of the flotation cell and a hole made in the separator walls of the flotation cell. BL g G, 26 2 / JA -Su o 77 13 3k / I & 2 „/ .. -Ti, 1, and - i-, c, / mLmne / J Fig.Z Yr Fg / g No . 1 $ 29 F TG- 0baЈ