SU1760140A1 - Method of power plant operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention allows to increase the effective performance of the power plant. Upon completion in cylinder 2 of the process, the invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to engine building, in particular to methods of operation of a power plant with a four-stroke internal combustion engine, preferably with increased resistance to exhaust. A known method of purging the combustion chamber of four-stroke internal combustion engines with air from an independent source with increased resistance at the outlet 1. Wounds and expansion of gases open the exhaust valve 5 and exhaust gases from the cylinder 2 to the high-pressure gas tank 4 and from it to the expansion machine, who does useful work. At the end of the exhaust process, the exhaust valve 5 is closed and the additional valve 7 is opened, connecting the cylinder 2 with the low-pressure gas tank 6. As a result of the guaranteed differential pressure of gases, exhaust gases are freely released from cylinder 2 through an additional valve 7 to the low pressure gas tank 6 and from there to the low pressure expansion machine, which performs useful work. At the inlet, the inlet valve 10 is opened and the combustion chamber 9 is blown through, directing air to the low pressure tank 6. The use of energy from exhaust gases and purge air to provide additional mechanical energy makes it possible to increase the effective performance of the power plant. 2 Il. The use of an autonomous source in this method degrades the effective performance of the power plant. A method of operating a power plant is known by precompression of air in a compressor, supplying compressed air to a cylinder of a four-stroke internal combustion engine, additional compression of air in a cylinder, injecting fuel into a cylinder, igniting the air-fuel mixture and expanding exhaust gases in the cylinder and exhausting gas to a gas high storage tank ON O Ј O

Description

neither and from it into the expansion machine, which does useful work 2.

In the known method, the exhaust gas pressure is 2-3 times the air pressure after the charging compressor 3, which reduces the filling ratio and increases the residual gas ratio in the engine cylinder, resulting in increased fuel consumption 4.

The aim of the invention is to improve the effective performance of the power plant by eliminating the autonomous source required for purging the combustion chamber.

The essence of the invention is that instead of an autonomous source in a power plant, a low pressure expansion machine is additionally installed and exhaust gases are released from the cylinder and their expansion is performed in two successive steps — in a high pressure expansion machine and a low pressure expansion machine. discharged from the cylinder during purging with compressed air from the charging compressor, is directed to a low-pressure expansion machine that does useful work.

Figure 1 shows a device for implementing the proposed method; Fig. 2 is a diagram of the valve timing, where h is the amount of valve lift; p - the angle ggovori crankshaft.

The device includes a piston 1, an engine cylinder 2, a cylinder cover 3, a high pressure gas tank 4, an exhaust valve 5, a low pressure gas tank 6, an additional valve 7, a nozzle 8, a combustion chamber 9, an intake valve 10, a compressor 11. kinematic connection 12. The arrows indicate the direction of movement of the gases.

The method is carried out as follows.

Upon completion in the cylinder 2 of the process of combustion and expansion of the gases, the exhaust valve 5 is opened and the exhaust gases are released from the cylinder 2 to the high-pressure gas tank 4 and from there to the high-pressure expansion machine which performs useful work.

At the end of the exhaust process, simultaneously with the closure of the exhaust valve 5, an additional valve 7 is opened, mounted in the cylinder head 3 to communicate the combustion chamber 9 with a low-pressure gas tank b, in which the exhaust gas pressure is less than the pressure of residual gases occupying

5 the volume of the combustion chamber 9 and the air pressure downstream of the compressor 11.

As a result of the guaranteed differential pressure of gases before and after the additional valve 7, free

0 discharge of residual gases from the volume of the combustion chamber 9 through an additional valve 7 to the low-pressure gas tank 6 and from it to the low-pressure expansion machine, which performs useful work,

At the beginning of the intake stroke, the intake valve 10 is opened and simultaneously with the process of filling the cylinder 2 of the engine with air, the combustion chamber 9 is blown, sending the remaining gases after free release with purge air to the low pressure gas tank 6 until the additional valve 7 is closed, the closure of which is determined from conditions of the selected purge rate.

At the end of the exhaust stroke, the intake valve 10 is closed and during the return stroke of the piston 1 to the TDC, additional air compression occurs in the cylinder 2 of the engine.

0 At TDC, fuel is supplied to compressed air through nozzle 8, which ignites from hot air, and the process is repeated.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 5 The method of operation of the power plant by pre-compressing the air in the compressor, supplying compressed air into the cylinder of a four-stroke internal combustion engine, purging the cylinder with compressed 0 air, additional compression of the air in the cylinder, injecting fuel into the cylinder, igniting the fuel-air mixture and expanding the exhaust gases in the cylinder and exhausting under pressure into the expansion machine to perform useful work therein, in order to increase the effective performance , exhaust gas from the cylinder and their expansion 0 is produced in two successive steps in a high pressure expansion machine and a low pressure expansion machine, and the mixture discharged from the cylinder during compressed air purging is directed to the low pressure expansion machine.