SU1759333A1 - Maize selection method - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: agriculture, methods of breeding new hybrids and varieties of corn. Summary of the Invention: 3.5-4 day old seedlings are affected by gradients of alternating magnetic and alternating electric fields. The exposure is carried out by placing the seedlings in a closed volume with granules of highly coercive ferrite, creating a gradient of a magnetic field of at least 107 A / m2 and an additional effect of an alternating magnetic field with a strength of 7-8 kA / m for 62-68 hours. ., 1 Il.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in breeding studies in the development of new hybrids and maize varieties.

The aim of the invention is to increase the stem and cop formation by awakening the adventitious buds in the sinuses of the bases of the leaf tubes and genetic fixation of these signs in the offspring.

The goal is achieved by the fact that seedlings of corn seeds, germinated for 3.5-4 days are placed in a closed volume with granules of high-coercive ferrite, creating a magnetic field gradient of at least 10 A / m. and affect these granules with an alternating magnetic field of 7-8 kA / mV for 62-68 h.

The above-mentioned hard magnetic granules are obtained by a known method of pelleting barium or strontium ferrites from powder, which, unlike other ferrites, possess high coercive force, i.e. are highly coercive (Sintered materials for electrical engineering and electronics). Ed., G. Gnesin. M .: Metallurgists, 1981, pp.320- 329). The gradient of the magnetic field of a granule can be calculated by the known magnetostatic formulas (Yavorsky B.M., DetlafA.A. Physics Handbook. - M .: Nauka, 1980. P.208-211; Tikazumi S. Physics of ferromagnetism. Magnetic properties of matter. - M.: Mir, 1983, p.14).

PRI me R 1. The drawing shows the placement of seedlings in a container with magnetic granules. The 3.5-day-old seedlings of corn seeds of two- and three-linear hybrids 1 were placed in a glass container (2) filled with magnetized magnetic-hard granules (3) with a diameter of 4 mm, made of isotropic barium ferrite. The gradient of the magnetic field on the surface of the granules was 5.107 A / m2. The placement of the seedlings was carried out in such a way that each of them was surrounded on all sides by granules. Tank with proVJ

SP

about

00

with

00

sprouts and granules were placed in a magnetizing coil 4. providing an alternating magnetic field with a strength of 8 kA / m. After switching on the floor in the tanks, a high-gradient vibrating medium was formed, in which the seedlings were kept for 62 hours, after which they were planted into the soil one seedling per well 25 cm apart from each other. Plant care was carried out in accordance with known technology. At the end of the growing season, the following results were obtained.

The average number of stepsons per plant was:

for hybrid (KL 14xMa21) xBukovinsky 11 4 (1}

hybrid (k114hMa21) xSm7 5 (2) hybrid Bukovinsky 11 4 (1) The total number of cobs on one plant was:

for the hybrid (KL 14xMa21) xSm7 12 (1) of the hybrid Bukovinsky 11 10 (1) In parentheses are the results obtained when growing plants from seeds of control according to the accepted technology, - (control).

The treatment by the proposed method as a whole contributed to an increase in the length of the main stem to 220 cm and an increase in the mass of grain from one plant to 215 g. These signs recurred when the above seeds were sown.

In examples 2 and 3, the granules in the tank together with the seedlings were placed analogously to example 1.

EXAMPLE 2. The seedlings of the 3.5-day-old corn seeds were placed in a vibrating high-gradient environment for 65 hours. The coil floor was 7 kA / m thick, and then they were planted one seedling per well at a distance of 27 see. Plant care was carried out in accordance with known technology. At the end of the growing season, the average number of stepsons per plant was: for a hybrid (KL 14xMa21) x x Bukovinsky 115 (1)

hybrid (KL 14xMa21) xSm76 (1)

hybrid Bukovinsky 115 (2),

and the total number of cobs on one plant was

for hybrid (KL 14xMa21) x x Bukovinsky 116 (2)

hybrid (KL 14xMa21) xSm712 (1)

hybrid Bukovinsky 1111 (1)

(in parentheses are the results of control tests).

Processing by the described method as a whole contributed to the increase in length

main stem to 240 cm and an increase in the mass of grain from one plant to 250 g

With repeated sowing of seeds in subsequent years without preliminary presowing treatment in a vibrating

the high gradient medium indicated signs were repeated, i.e. mnogopogatkovost inherited.

Froze 4-day old seedlings of corn seeds were placed in a vibrating high-gradient medium for 68 hours, the floor tension in the coil was 8 kA / m, and then they were planted in a soil, one seedling per lukna 30 cm from each other. Caring for the plants was carried out according to

5 common technology. During the growing season, the average number of stepsons per plant was: for a hybrid (KL 14xMa21) x Bukovinsky 114 (1)

0 hybrids (Ш4хМа21) хСм7 5 (1) hybrids Bukovinsky 114 (1)

The total number of cobs on one plant was:

for hybrid (KL 14xMa21) x

5Bukovinsky 1112 (1)

Hybrid (KL 14xMa21) xSm7 10.5 (1) Hybrid Bukovinsky 1111.5 (1)

(in parentheses are the results of control tests).

0 The treatment according to the described method as a whole contributed to an increase in the length of the main stem up to 250 cm and an increase in the grain mass from one plant to 270 g, and changes in the ability of the stem and cob 5 to produce corn plants obtained from seeds treated once were inherited over at least three generations (studies were carried out until 1990, inclusive).

0 The results of the experiments are presented in the table.

The analysis of the table shows that after the seedlings were treated by the described method, the stepchid formation increased in all plants in the field conditions, albeit in different degrees. In the hybrid (KL 14xMa21) xSm7, the number of stepsons in the first generation was 3 for each plant, in the second generation - 2.5 stepsons

0 vs. 1 stepchild in plants from control seeds (without treatment) and 1 stepchild in control hybrid Bukovinsky 11. The number of cobs on the experimental material of the same hybrid increased in the first

5 year trial up to 1.8 and in the second year up to 1.6 pcs. on the plant against control 1 cob on the plant. With an increase in the distance between the plants up to 27–30 cm, the vesicular formation increases to 5–6 and mating up to 6–12 pcs. on the plant in the first crop and respectively up to 5-5.8 stepchildren and 5.6 and 11.3 cobs in the second reseeding. It also follows from the table that individual maize genotypes have an increased resistance to stepchildren and maize formation under the effect of processing. These include the Bukovinsky hybrid 11.

Claims (1)

The invention The method of selection of maize, including the effect on the plant of magnetic and electric field gradients, characterized in that, in order to increase 0 stalk and cob formation due to awakening of adventitious buds in the axils of the base of the leaf tubes and the possibility of fixing these signs in the offspring, the effect is carried out by gradients of variable magnetic and electric fields on the seedlings of 3.5.4 days of age by placing the latter in a closed volume with granules from high coercive magnetic additional effect of an alternating magnetic field with a strength of 7-8 kA / m for 62-68 chferrite, creating a gradient of i field of not less than 107 A / m and additional 15 The effect of seed treatment in a vibrating high-gradient magnetic medium on the productivity of maize plants Germ age (germ), days Exposure, h / Kl 1 | h.Ma21 / hBukoainsky 112 / KL 1 “1хН“ 21 / хСм72 Bukoai P2 / KL 1 1xMa21 / hBukoVKNSKI 113 / KL IchMa21 / xSn73 Bukovinsky I3 / KL 11 xMe21 / xBukovinsky It3 / KL 1ЦХНа21 / хСм73 Bukovinsky 113 / KL 11 | xI21 / hBukovinsii / KL 1Ы a2 | / xCi7 Bukovi 11 ( / And, IhHa21 / xBukovinsky 11-6 / KL YhMa21 / cm76 Bukovinsky 116 Prototype amount control by the described method control 1 year-. 2 year 2 3 one k 5 2 5 6 3 k 5 2 2 3 2 2 2.5 t 3.8 5.1 2.9 five 5.8 3 .z .6 2 2 2 , 6 g 1.8 1.6 6 12 3 22 1.6 1 1.6 1 55.2 2 12 11.8 1 321 5.6 2 11.3 1 2.1 1 12 11.8 1 10.5 10.7 1 321 2.1 2 31 2.3 2 one