SU1758376A2 - Solar dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: for drying materials using solar energy. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: In the recirculation circuit, on the spiral swirl, along its entire length, there are holes arranged in rows in concentric circles in a checkerboard pattern and provided with downward flanging, the direction of the bending of flanges of one kind opposite to that of the other kind. 4 hp f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a solar-powered drying technique, and is an improvement to auth. N: 1695083.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the heat trapping ability by providing a turbulent mode of air movement in the recirculation circuit.

Figure 1 shows the solar dryer, General view; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z node in figure 1; Fig. 4 illustrates various embodiments of the holes on the spiral swirler; figure 5 - section bb in figure 1.

The solar dryer contains a vertical cylindrical chamber 1, on the outer side of which there are spiral twists L and 2 and a transparent sheath 3 forming a recirculation circuit placed inside the chamber 1 on the cable block system 4 drying cassettes 5, loading and unloading hatch 6, heater 7 and the fan 8. On the spiral swirler, along its entire length, there are holes 9, arranged in rows in concentric circles in a checkerboard pattern and provided with downward flanging 10, and the direction of the bend is flange wok of one row opposite to the direction of bending of the other series. The upper part of the chamber is completed with a conical bottom 11, which is attached by means of a bearing support 12 to the carrier base 13.

A cable system 4 is passed through the bell of the support 12, and air vent louvers 14 are made on the conical bottom 11. In the upper part of the chamber, above the first coil of the spiral twist 2, there are slots 15 with tangential flanging 16 outward, connected to the recirculation circuit, and the lower end of the section of the discharge pipe 17 is made of perforations 18.

The flanges 10 on the spiral vortex can be made in the form of triangular-shaped petals, or in the form of rectangular-shaped petals, or in the form of trapezoidal petals, or in the form of a segment.

These configurations of holes and flanging are the most rational, providing the optimal hydrodynamic mode of motion of the air flow with the lowest hydraulic resistance, which is important when choosing a fan. In addition, from the point of view of economic feasibility, the manufacturability of these forms of flanging is taken into account.

Chamber 1 is made with a blackened black nickel absorbing surface on galvanized iron or black copper on copper, obtained by treating Cu with a solution of NaOH and NaCICte. Absorbency relative to solar radiation: 0.89-0.94.

Solar dryer works as follows.

Drying cassettes 5 with a material to be dried, for example, grapes, are suspended on the cable-to-block system 4 through the charging port 6. Then, turning on the fan 8 and the heater 7, the drying agent — warm air — is fed through the injection pipe 17 through the chamber 1. The warm air, rising, washes the grapes and dries the fruits. Part of the air saturated with vapor is removed through the louvers 14, and part through the slots 15c with tangential flanges 16 enters the recirculation circuit formed by chamber 1 and sheath 3. A reactive force occurs, which rotates chamber 1 relative to the vertical axis, and therefore all The surface of the camera will be exposed to heat from the sun. The passing part of the air is additionally heated by flowing around the spiral witnesses 2, the surface of which, in turn, is heated by direct sunlight. It should be noted that the temperature of the air heated from the sun additionally increases mainly due to conductive heat exchange between the light absorbing surface of the blackened chamber and the helix. The air, moving along the recirculation contour between the vortices 2 and through the openings 9, is turbulent. which intensifies the process of heat transfer.

Thus, the additional heated air in the recirculation circuit enters the portion of the injection nozzle 17 and through perforations 18 enters the chamber 1 to dry the product.

At night, the dryer works only with or without heat from the heater 7 in the active ventilation mode.

At the end of drying, the product is removed through the hatch 6, sequentially lowering the cassette 5 downwards.

The proposed solar dryer reduces energy consumption for the drying process and increases the overall efficiency of the drying unit. The presence of flanged openings on the swirlers contributes to the turbulence of the air flow and makes the most efficient use of the heat-removing surface of the chamber. Such dryers are compact, do not occupy large areas and are easy to maintain.

Claims (5)

1. Heli dryer auth.St. ISfe 1695083, characterized in that, in order to increase the heat-collecting capacity by providing a turbulent mode of air movement in the recirculation circuit, holes are arranged on the spiral swirler along its concentric circles in chessboard order and equipped with downward flanging, and the direction of the bend of screenings of one row and the opposite of the direction of their bend of the other row. 2. The helio-dryer according to claim 1, wherein the flanging is in the form of triangular-shaped petals. 3. Heli-dry cap. P. 1. This is done so that flanging is made in the form of rectangular petals. 4. Heli-dry cap.1, characterized in that the flanges are made in the form of trapezoidal petals. 5. Heli-dry cap.1, characterized in that flanging is made in the form of a segment. g-gpp V-v 9 / .C8SU 1-gpf 4 FIG. five