SU1756962A1 - Device for arresting arc of multi-pole switch - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: electrical engineering. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The device has arc suppression chambers 2 with deionic plates 3 and contacts 4 and 5. Block 7 containing deionizing cavities is installed on the housing 1 at the place where the exhaust holes 6 of the arc chambers 2 are made. The deionizing cavities of each pole are formed by at least two heat-consuming metal partitions 9 and 10, in which holes 15 are made in the form of conical pockets 16. Moreover, the pockets of adjacent partitions are arranged opposite each other in a checkerboard pattern. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, namely to electrical devices for protection against short-circuit currents,

An arcing device of a multi-pole switch is known, in which an additional cavity is made between the deionic grille and the exhaust holes in the housing for each pole, the exhaust holes being made in such a way that the flow of cleaned ionized gases formed in the arc extinguishing process gets into the cavity. direction In such arc-suppressing devices, intense vortex (turbulent) motions of ionized gases occur inside the cavity, which contribute to their cooling and deion organization.

However, as practice shows, such a design is often insufficient to completely eliminate the ionized exhaust zone of the switch.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is an arcing device of a multi-pole switch, containing at least two deionizing cavities located at each pole of the switch, located under the deionic plates of the arc-suppressing lattice at the exit point of ionized gases, and the cavities and the holes connecting them are located the direction of movement of the electric arc and ionized gases,

However, the need to create switches with greater switching capacity has shown that such a device does not already exclude exhaust of ionized gases from the arcing chambers of the switch into the surrounding space, which is undesirable, and in some cases is unacceptable.

The aim of the invention is to increase the switching capacity and eliminate the exhaust ionized gases.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the arc-suppressing device a myogopolar switch, comprising a housing with arc-suppressing chambers with deionized partitions, which form deionizing cavities, interconnected openings for deionized gases, are deionized partitions forming deionizing cavities. heat-absorbing - metal, and the holes in the specified partitions are made in the form of cone-shaped outliers, and the outlets of the adjacent partitions are opposite yi friend

The novelty of the proposed technical solution lies in the new set of known features

The interaction of these signs

The reason for the emergence of a new property, which is expressed in enhancing the deionizing ability and the elimination due to this release of ionized gases from the switch chambers

0 more significant currents.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of an arcing device for a three-pole switch; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1.

5 The arcing device consists of arcing chambers 2 with deionic plates 3 and contacts 4 and 5 which are made inside the case 1 of the switch of the extinguishing chambers 2 and 5 on the case 1 where the exhaust holes are made

0 6 from arc-suppressing chambers 2 a block 7 is installed, containing deionizing cavities, separated from neighboring poles by partitions 8, made in housing 1. De-ionizing cavities of each pole

5 are formed by at least two heat-consuming metal partitions 9 and 10 dividing the space between the housing 1 and the exhaust ports 11 in the block 7 into three cavities 12-14. Hole 15

0 in partitions 9 and 10 are made in the form of conical pockets 16 (Figs. 1 and 2). Adjacent partitions 9 and 10 are installed so that the cone pockets 16 are opposite to each other in chess order.

In addition, the exhaust openings 6 in the housing 1 and the exhaust openings 11 in the block 7 are made not matching with the openings 15 in the partitions adjacent to them 9

0 and 10,

The device works as follows.

Appearing when the contacts 4 and 5 are opened, the electric arc is quenched in chamber 5 by plates 3 of the deionic lattice. In the quenching process, the arc thermally affects the environment (air in the chamber volume, its insulating walls, evolving gaseous products of their thermal destruction, etc.), as a result of which an overpressure occurs in the chamber in the direction of the exhaust ports 6 housing 1, a stream of highly heated ionized gases rushes. The higher the short-circuit-breaker tripping value, the higher the thermal effect of the arc, the higher the overpressure, and the greater the number of more heated and more ionized gases, it rushes from the chamber into the surrounding space. The flow of these gases (shown in the drawings) through the openings 6 flows into the cavity 12, where it is initially cooled due to the expansion of the gases and the vortex movement along the walls of this cavity towards the openings 15 first in the path of the gases of the partition 10. Conical extrusions 16 of this partition are located by narrowing their 6tsections in the direction of ionized gases and therefore are similar in action to a nozzle, where (as is known from gas dynamics) an increase in velocity and a decrease in the temperature of the flowing gas occur. Accelerated from the holes of the partition 10 of the gas jet with a force hit the wall of the partition 9 (since the hole in these partitions do not coincide in location), causing turbulent (i.e. strongly swirling) gas movement in the cavity 13 between the heat-absorbing walls of the partitions 9 and 10, and, thereby, its intensive cooling. The gases are then fed into the openings of the partition 9, located by expanding their cone-shaped outliers in the direction of gas flow (i.e., they work as a gas-dynamic diffuser), and therefore the rate of gas outflow at the outlet of these outlets is slowed down. The gas spreads fairly evenly through the cavity 14 and is already finally cooled when it comes into contact with its walls. The gas outflow rate from the openings 11 of the block 7 is therefore small and the gas jets do not spread to any significant distances in the environment.

The proposed arc-suppressing device makes it possible to increase the switching capacity of the switch without increasing its dimensions and at the same time to completely eliminate

ionized exhaust zone switch. Thus, the tests of the proposed arc-suppressing device as a part of the protective switching device AKZ-29-OM4, carried out in the Electrosil association, showed that even with a significant increase in the limiting switchable short-circuit current from 20 kA (standard version) to 50 kA (estimated version) the ionized exhaust zone The device was not registered.

The proposed arc suppression device is most appropriate to use

in multi-pole protection devices - switches operated in conditions where the release of highly heated ionized gases into the environment is unacceptable (for example, in small-sized

switchboards of shipboard electrical equipment).

Claims (1)

An arc-suppressing device of a multi-pole switch, comprising a housing with arc-facing chambers located in it according to the number of poles with deionic partitions forming deionizing cavities connected to each other by openings for the release of deionized gases, characterized in that, in order to increase the switching capacity and exclusion of ionized gas exhaust, deiomous partitions forming deionizing cavities are made of heat-consuming metal, and the holes in the specified partitions are made in the form of conical extrusions, and the expulsions of adjacent partitions are opposite one another. 9-1 2