SU1755259A1 - Flow governor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for controlling the flow and pressure of liquid and gaseous working fluids at various pressure drops. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and enhance the functionality by providing pressure control to itself at the back flow of the working medium. The flow regulator includes a housing 1 with an adjusting clutch 2 screwed on it with lock nuts 3 and 4 and a coupling sleeve 5, with a lock nut 6, an inlet 7 and an outlet 8 spigots. In the inner cavity of the adjusting clutch L, an obechide G GZ 10 21 22 h v 16 t Gz / g fg ka 9 with a working cavity 10 forming an inner conical surface 11, inside which the regulating member 12 consisting of the rod 13, is rigidly fixed, is fixed to the thread. mounted on the thread in the center of the connecting bracket 15 & At the other end of the rod 13, in the cavity of a large diameter conical working cavity 10 ,. A correction disk 17 is rigidly fixed with a lock nut 16, and a throttling disk 18 is located between the correction disk 17 and the connecting bracket 15 on the thread of the rod 13, which can be moved along the thread of the rod 13 along the entire working cavity 10 o The throttling disk 18 is equipped with a pin 19 fixed in the axial direction of the throttles . In the radial direction, a screw 21 is attached to the thread 20 of the shell 19 with a release mark 22 applied thereto with the possibility of moving it along the thread in the radial direction. On the opposite side of the regulator 12 on the separation bracket 15, a spring 23 is fixed with fastening hooks 24, the second side of which is fixed on the thrust washer 25, behind the harness between the housing 1 and the outlet 9 about 1 ZoPlfly, 4 ill. CL XI CL S & t / e /

Description

The invention relates to automatic flow and pressure controllers for liquids and gaseous media at various pressure drops flowing through a pipeline or freely flowing out of water taps, and can be used in heat supply, water supply, steam supply and gas supply systems.

Known is the flow regulator of the fluid flow in which the regulating organ is made in the form of a tube connected with the piston, and the outlet nozzle is made in the form of a Venturi pipe, in the mouth of which the tube is located

The disadvantages are that flow control is impossible from zero from minimum to low flow due to the presence of a through longitudinal channel of the piston and tube passing through the fluid and reducing the pressure of the fluid on the piston. Moreover, an increase in the flow of fluid begins the outlet branch of the outlet flow, because its o-end is in the diffusion part, where an opposing pressure occurs, which prevents the pressure differential on both sides of the piston, which occurs at a higher course when a moment comes equal to

P (F, - Fe) - Q,

where P is the pressure to the piston;

F, is the cross-sectional area of the sensitive element of the piston;

FЈ - cross-sectional area

piston channel sections; Q - hydraulic losses.

Flow and pressure control is performed up to a certain value, until the end of the tube reaches the largest diameter of the diffusion part. From this moment free flow of liquid through the piston channel and the tube begins without increasing the separation zone and thus hydraulic losses, and consequently, there will be no flow, the flow will increase depending on the pressure up to the piston and, as a result, the accuracy of flow control will decrease at the beginning and end of the specified range.

In addition, the regulator is metal-intensive and labor-consuming to manufacture, complex

by design and cannot produce flow and pressure control up to

Also known stabilizer fluid flow, comprising a housing with soosnost located fittings supply and removal of the working environment, the working cavity, made in the form of a truncated cone, the smaller base of which is facing the outlet fitting, and a regulating element mounted coaxially fittings and spring-loaded relative to each of them, moreover A regulating nut is installed between the inlet fitting and the housing, the stabilizer is equipped with an additional nut located on the housing from the outlet fitting side, and a bracket rigidly connecting both nuts

However, due to the weight of the regulating element located between the two springs and the springs themselves, it is not possible to install the regulator in a horizontal position, since the springs will sag down. At the same time, the throughput capacity of the inlet and outlet fittings is insignificant, the clip stands for the size of the controller, the complexity of manufacturing. The absence of a regulating device prevents the exact stabilization of the liquid, "

A dispenser for flow is known, in which the regulator is made in the form of a piston located in a cylindrical body and having a throttle orifice, when passing through which a pressure differential is created (P - P &), which loads a spring located on one side of the throttling body. there is an outlet channel out of the housing. When the flow rate increases, the size of the gap between the throttling body (piston) decreases, its resistance increases. With a certain increase in flow, the pressure reaches m. What is the value that the piston will block the output channel (the dispenser is triggered). The flow rate in the metering device is double controlled.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that there is a throttle truncation in the path of the throttled medium, which is not adjustable, as a result of which the automatically specified flow rate cannot be ensured. And the pressure cannot be automatically maintained. Lack of a corrective device eliminates the accuracy of the adjustment. Ultimately, the sense of regulating a fluid with a dispenser in terms of flow is not reduced to the constant of its pressure and flow, but to a constant increase in its flow rate due to resistance to the flow of fluid passing through the dispenser by a throttle bore in the piston, the resistance of which creates a pressure drop (P - p) inside the metering body to the throttle orifice and after it, me to the piston and after the piston, and with some increase in the flow rate of the fluid, which constantly increases, since the throttle orifice is not adjustable, the pressure drop increases At a certain increase in flow, the pressure Pf reaches such a value that the piston will close the output channel (the dosing device triggers)

Closest to the present invention is a compressed air flow regulator, including a spring-loaded valve, self-closing under the influence of the dynamic pressure of the air jet, and to adjust the pressure of the valve spring, a set screw is used, moving during its rotation the slider abutting the valve spring

The lack of technical solution is low adjustment accuracy, since a slight error in the calculations of the angle of the taper hole and the spring stiffness will deviate with each step of the valve advancement and pressure is not provided to regulate during the return flow of the controlled medium, since the valve does not spring up

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the regulator and to expand its functionality by providing pressure control to itself during backflow of the working medium.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the rod is fixed along the thread

the second plate, both plates located inside the conical sleeve mounted on the thread in the housing,

in which the inlet and outlet nozzles are mounted along the threads, while the second plate is connected to the housing through a pin rigidly attached to it, mounted along the threads

in a conical sleeve, with one end of the adjustment spring attached to the end of the stem, and the other end to the nozzle.

Fig.1 shows the regulator

5 media consumption; figure 2 - connecting bracket; fig.Z stubborn washer; in fig. - table of parameters change while moving

0 The flow regulator contains a housing 1 with an adjusting clutch 2 screwed on it with locking nuts 3 and k and a locking bolt 5 with locking screws 6, an inlet 7 and an outlet 8 sockets. In the internal cavity of the adjusting clutch 2, a conic sleeve 9 is fixed to the thread with a working cavity 10, which forms an internal conical

0 a surface inside which a regulating member 12 is located, consisting of a rod 13, which serves to transfer forces from the first and second plates 17 and 18 to the spring of the hinge 23, rigidly fixed by a thread in the center of the connecting bracket, which serves to connect the rod 13 with the spring settings 23.

At the other end of the stem 13, on the side of a larger diameter of the conical working cavity 10, the first plate 17 is rigidly fixed with counter-clamping 16, forming a gap B between its outer circumference and the inner conical surface 11, and between the first plate 17 and the connecting bracket 15 a second plate is located on the thread of the rod 13 18 with the ability to move along the thread of the rod 13 along the entire working cavity 10 and forms a gap D between its outer circumference and the inner conical surface 11. The second plate 18 is equipped with a pin 19 fixed in the axial direction of the regulatory body 12 „

In the radial direction on the thread 20 of the shell 9 is placed with the possible

the ability to move along the thread in the radial direction of the regulator 12 screw 21 with a marked disengagement pin 22 with this screw

On the opposite side of the regulator 12 on the connecting bracket 15 is fixed spring settings 23 mounting screws, the second side of which is fixed similar hooks on the thrust washer 25, clamped between the housing 1 and the outlet nozzle 8, and is designed to balance the pressure with the dosing medium

The flow regulator works as follows.

While maintaining a constant flow rate after itself, the flow regulator is installed by the inlet pipe

7to meet the throttled flow medium along the arrow Ac Throttled medium through the inlet 7 enters the working cavity 10, and then through the gaps C and D and then into the outlet 8. At the same time, before the first plates

17 and after it, one pressure differential stage is created, and before the second plate

18 and after it a second pressure drop is created, as a result of which a force P arises, acting on the entire cross-sectional area of the first plate 17, and through the rod 13 is transferred to the tuning spring 23, which at the same time is compressed, carries the rod 13 with the second plate 18 „Clearance

8 decreases, reducing the passage of the throttled medium, and when the pressure differential changes (pressure to the flow regulator), the sensing element — the elastic adjustment spring 23 is compressed so that the flow area in the gap G becomes such that the flow after the flow regulator remains constant Such a condition is precisely tuned to the flow controller for a given flow rate and stabilization of these parameters.

Deviations from the specified parameters of the controlled medium can be caused by inaccuracy of the angle of the cone of the conical surface 11 and the elasticity of the spring of adjustment 23, corrosive wear of the spring of adjustment 23 and the conical surface 11 or the increase of salts on its surface,

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the forces of friction of moving parts on guide surfaces, and so on.

These inaccuracies cause discrepancies in the advancement of the plates.

17 and 18, depending on the pressure rise to the regulator 12. For example, in the case of an underestimation of the cone angle of the conical surface 11, the advancement step of the plates 17 and

18 will not be sufficient to reduce the gap G and will not provide a given constant amount of the throttled medium, regardless of the increase and decrease in pressure. So, when the pressure rises up to the regulator 12, due to the excessive elasticity of the spring of setting 23, the step will lag behind, the inaccuracy of the flow with each step will be proportionally added, and then when the pressure drops to the regulator 12, i.e. when moving the plates in the opposite direction, proportionally minus and at some point will correspond to the calculated, and then proportionally with each step will give an increasing error in the direction of underestimation.

Changing and expanding the range of adjustment, improving the accuracy of controlling the flow rate of the medium after itself is provided by moving the first plate 17 along the working cavity 10, moving the second plate 18 along the working cavity 10, moving together the first 17 and second 18 plates along the working surface 10 "

It is obvious here: to control the flow, after moving the first plate 17 towards the narrowing of the working conical cavity, the clearance B decreases, the gap G remains unchanged, the pressure increases to the first plate 17, the pressure after the first plate 17 decreases, the pressure to the second plate 18 decreases, the pressure after the second plate 18 decreases, the flow rate decreases, the driving force P,

frd "is equal to increases,

where d is the diameter of the adjustment disc; p is the specific pressure before the correction disc. This increases the pitch of moving first.

17, and hence the second 18 plates with a constant specific pressure to the first plate 17.

While maintaining the preset pressure to itself, the throttle is installed by the outlet nozzle 8 to meet the flow of the throttled medium in arrow B. The choked medium through the outlet nozzle 8 enters the working cavity 10 of the conical sleeve E through the gap G, and s, then through the gap B. the second plate 18 and after it creates one stage of pressure drop, and before the first plate 17 and after it creates the second stage of pressure difference, which results in a force P acting in the opposite direction indicated by the arrow P, n and the entire cross-sectional area of the first plate 17 and through the rod 13 is transferred to the setting spring 23, which at the same time expands, advancing the rod 13 with the second plate 18 along the throttled medium, and the clearance B increases as the gap of the throttled medium increases and pressure to throttles) sensitive element — elastic spring of adjustment 23, stretches to such an extent that the area of the flow area G gives an increase in flow so that the pressure to the throttles remains constant. To achieve such a condition, it is necessary to precisely adjust the throttle to a predetermined pressure in order to stabilize this pressure.

Deviations from the set pressure to themselves can be caused by the same reasons as when adjusting the throttles in the flow variant after

These inaccuracies also cause inconsistencies in the advancement step of the second plate 18 depending on the pressure rises to the regulator 120. For example, if the cone angle of the conical surface 11 is underestimated, the advancement step of the second plate 18 will not be sufficient to increase the gap G and the amount of medium throttling will not provide which would reduce the excess pressure up to the flow regulator above the specified one and would ensure constant

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a predetermined pressure to the flow regulator regardless of the pressure increase. So, when the pressure rises up to the regulator 12, due to the excessive elasticity of the spring of setting 23, the step will lag behind, the inaccuracy of the pressure to the flow regulator will be proportionally added to each step, and when the pressure drops to the regulator, i.e. when moving the plate in the opposite direction, it will be proportionally negative, and then in some

5 point will correspond to the calculated, and then proportionally with each step will give an increasing error in the direction of underestimation of the range and expansion

0 adjusting and improving the accuracy of controlling the pressure of the medium to itself is provided by moving the first plate 17 along the working cavity 10, moving the second plate 18 along the working cavity 10,

moving together the first 17 and second 18 plates along the working cavity 10 by analogy with adjusting the parameters in the variant after yourself. All the movement options of the first 17 and second 18 plates and the resulting parameter changes are summarized in the table of parameter changes during the movement of the plates (Fig. k ). 5 The arrow indicates the direction of movement of the corresponding plate.

A plus sign (+) indicates that the parameter is increasing.

0 Sign (-) - the parameter decreases, Sign (+ strongly) - the parameter increases strongly Sign (- strongly) - the parameter decreases strongly,

5 Sign (+ weak) - the parameter slightly increases.

Sign (- weak) - the parameter slightly decreases o

An empty cell means that the parameter, the parameter, does not change.

To change the flow control parameters after se and pressure before or change the progress of the regulator 5, use the table. In the parameters column, the parameter to be changed is found, then, according to the found line on the right, in the column, the parameter изменение change

The ditch looks for a sign indicating the desired change in the parameter, and the graph upwards find the scheme of action to achieve the specified parameter and make an adjustment according to this scheme,

1c Increase in pressure or flow rate after se. Parameters No. 6 in the column after pressure are found. Then, using the found line on the right in the change of parameters, the sign (+) is found, it is located in the coordinates of graph 6 B, 6G, 6 Е

In this case, the sign is used in the coordinates of 6 D — the second plate — is moved in the direction of expansion of the conical working cavity; however, the advancement step of the throttling organ does not change, since in the coordinates 8G, against the row, the throttling organ step of the graph is empty

Coordinates 6B (movement of the first plate in the direction of expansion of the conical working cavity) are used if pressure is needed after the regulator while simultaneously decreasing the step, since in the coordinate graph 8B there is a minus sign (-).

Coordinates 6Е (movement of both disks simultaneously in the direction of expansion of the conical working cavity) are used when a strong increase in pressure is required after the regulator, but to a lesser extent of reduction in the advancement step of the second plate. The increase in consumption is made by analogy

2. The increase in pressure or flow after se | G with a simultaneous increase in the step with Find in column No. 8 is the throttling organ step. Then, the sign (+) is found similarly, it is located in the coordinates 8 A, 8 D "Then in column No. 6 there is a pressure after the second plate 6 A, in the coordinates of which there is a sign (-) and 6 L, in the coordinates of which there is a sign (- strongly). In this case, use the 6A coordinates, which are in column A, since the coordinate 6 D in column D will give a strong deviation of minus. Thus, the first plate is moved in the direction of narrowing of the conical working cavity until the normal pitch is restored, while the flow rate decreases, and then

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looking for a coordinate giving an increase in flow without changing the pitch. It will be a coordinate of 6 G,

which indicates the movement of the second plate in the direction of the expansion of the conical working cavity — this action is carried out to achieve the required pressure.

0 with a simultaneous increase in step produced by analogy

3. Decrease in pressure after se or flow. Find in column № 6 pressure after the second plate „

5 Then find the coordinates in this graph of signs (-), they will be 6A, 6B, DB. Coordinate 6 V is adopted for correction, since in this case the step does not change, column 8B empty moves the second plate towards the narrowing of the conical working cavity. Coordinate 6A is used to reduce the flow rate while increasing the step. Coordinate 6 D is used when it is necessary to drastically reduce the flow rate and to a lesser extent increase the step. The reduction in consumption is made by analogy.

0 k. Decrease in pressure after se and flow while simultaneously reducing the step. Finding in column No. 6 the pressure after the second plate - Then, finding the coordinate 8 b, decreasing the step to the normal movement of the first plate towards the expansion of the conical working cavity But as according to the coordinate b B pressure after the throttle will increase, use 0 with the 6 V coordinate, move the WTO, - the rue plate in the direction of narrowing of the conical working cavity. At the same time, the step remains unchanged, since the cell in coordinate 8B is empty. Decrease

5 consumption with a simultaneous reduction of the pitch is produced by analogy

5. Increase the regulatory advancement step. Find in column number 8 step throttling body. Then, coordinates with the sign (+) 8 A, 8 D are found. Using the coordinate 8 P with the sign (+), move the first plate towards the narrowing of the conical working cavity. In this case, according to coordinate 6 A, the flow rate decreases. To restore it, use the 6 G coordinate, move

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the second plate in the direction of expansion of the conical working cavity,

6. Reduction of the regulatory advancement step. Find in

in the same column No. 8, the step of the throttling organ. Then a coordinate with the sign (-) 8 V, 8 E. is found.

coordinate 8 B with a sign (-), move the first plate in the direction of expansion of the conical working cavity. In this case, according to the 6 B coordinate, the pressure after the throttles will increase. To restore it (decrease to normal), the 6 V coordinate is used, the second plate is moved in the direction of expansion of the conical working cavity, so that the opposite effect is achieved by increasing the pitch.

7. If you need to simultaneously change two parameters, use two coordinates simultaneously. For example, with an increase in pressure after the throttles with a slight decrease in the step, the coordinates 6 E and 8 E are used,

If it is necessary to lower the pressure and slightly increase the step, the coordinates are 6 D and 8 D. At the same time, one of the parameters is achieved and then the second parameter is adjusted according to the corresponding coordinate, for example, by adjusting the pressure after the throttles and the simultaneous step, the step is restored to normal , but the pressure is still high, then, by using the 7 V coordinate, it lowers the pressure to normal by moving the second plate towards the narrowing of the conical working cavity.

Adjustment in variable adjustment is done by analogy,

The first 17 and second 18 plates are moved along the conical working cavity 10, individually or together, by rotating the adjusting clutch 2 o

1. To move the first plate 17 towards the narrowing of the working conical cavity, the adjusting sleeve 2 rotates on the thread towards the inlet 7, while the conical shell 9 rotates together with it, the screw 21 is wrapped

It is in full engagement with the pin 19. In this case, the conical shell 9 performs rotational and translational motion relative to the first plate 17 and the first plate 17 moves towards the cone taper, the gap B decreases.

Rotation from the adjusting clutch

0 2 and the conical shell 9 - through the screw 21 and the pin 19 is transferred to the second plate 18 and it rotates together with the conical shell 9 along the thread of the rod 13 and together with it makes

5 translational motion with the same speed, since the pitch of the thread of the adjusting clutch 2 and the stem 13 are equal, i.e., the second plate 18 relative to the conical shell 9 is in

0 quiescent state and the gap G does not change,

2 "To move the first plate 17 in the direction of expansion of the working conical cavity 10, the adjustment

5, the clutch 2 is moved in the direction of the outlet nozzle 8. By rotating it in the opposite direction, the first plate

17 is moving relative to the caustic shell 9 towards the widening of the working conical cavity. 10 and the clearance C increases, while the clearance F remains unchanged.

3. To move the second set 1b towards the narrowing of the working conical cavity, the adjusting clutch 2 is turned on the thread towards the inlet 7 Screw 21 is unscrewed from the release mark 22 and disengaged from the pin 19. At the same time, the conical shell 9 performs rotational and translational movement regarding

5 of the first 17 and second 18 plates and the gaps C and D are reduced. To return the first plate 17 to the initial position, the screw 21 is wrapped to the full - it is engaged with

0 with the pin 19 and the adjusting clutch 2 rotate in the opposite direction for the same number of revolutions. At the same time, the second plate 18 remains in place and the gap G remains reduced, and the first plate 17 moves away from the conical working cavity to its former place and the gap C increases to original size.

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t. To move the second plate 18 towards the expansion of the conical cavity 10, the adjusting clutch 2 is moved towards the outlet 8 of the nozzle. The screw 21 is turned to the disengagement mark 22 and disengaged from the pin 19. In this case, the conical shell 9 performs rotational and translational movements with respect to the first 17 and second 18 plates and the gaps C and D.

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To return the first plate 1 to the initial position, the screw 21 is screwed to failure — it engages the pin 19 and the adjusting clutch 2 is rotated in the opposite direction by the same number of revolutions. In this case, the second plate 18 will remain in place and the gap G will remain enlarged, and the first plate 17 will move away relative to the conical working cavity 10 to the previous position and the gap B will decrease to its original size,

5- To move the first 1 and second 18 plates together towards the narrowing of the working conical cavity, the adjusting clutch 2 is rotated on the thread to the side of the nozzle 7. The screw 21 is turned to the decoupling mark 22 and disengaged from the pin 19. the rotational and translational motions of relativity of the first 17 and second 18 plates and the gaps C and D are reduced. Then the screw 21 is screwed up to failure - is engaged with the pin 19.

B. To move the first 17 and second 18 plates together towards

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expanding the working conical cavity 10, the adjusting clutch 2 is rotated on the thread - is moved towards the outlet nozzle 8. The screw 21 is turned to the tripping mark 22 and disengaged from the pin 19. The conical shell 9 performs rotational and translational movement relative to the first 17 and second 18 plates and gaps C and D are reduced. Then the screw 21 is wrapped to the full - inserted into engagement with the pin 19o.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1c a flow regulator containing a flow housing, between the inlet and outlet cavities of which a regulating member is installed, made in the form of a first plate fixed on a rod connected to a tuning spring, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the regulator, The second plate is fixed to the threaded rod, both plates are located inside the conical bushing installed along the thread in the housing, in which the inlet and outlet nozzles are mounted along the thread, while the second plate is connected to the housing through rigidly fixed pin on it and screw mounted on the thread in the conical sleeve. 2. The regulator according to claim 1, about tl and - due to the fact that, in order to extend the functionality by adjusting the pressure to itself with a reverse flow of the working medium, one end of the adjustment spring is attached to the end of the stem, and the other end to the nozzle five. 2 Fi.Z TaS / titsa change parameters apt / lered & manning / na / re / ted in 8a /) 1 / antg /} e / - # / m # 060me „lame ce fa in the law regulation / Mrv „Jo