SU1754172A1 - Ribbon-type granular filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to environmental protection and can be used in the construction industry, metallurgy, chemical and other industries. The goal is to increase the efficiency of dust collection, the belt granular filter contains a granular layer located on a grate, having a variable longitudinal section of the e, provided by one n several screws dropping part of the granular layer onto a conveyor belt, while the grate is made of separate links. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the protection of the environment "can be used in construction industry enterprises. Metallurgical chemical and other industries.

The purpose of the inventions is to increase the efficiency of dust collection by making the layer of granular material variable in the longitudinal direction of the cross section.

Figure 1 shows the filter section; figure 2 is a view of And figure 1; in FIG. 3, view B in FIG. 1.

The belt granular filter consists of the following components and parts: bunker 1, conveyor 2, gate 3, chamber 4 of contaminated gas with inlet 5, outlet 6, layer 7 granular filter material, rubber tape 8, load 9, driven asterisk 10 granular filter, grill 11, consisting of individual links 12, clean gas chamber 13, pallet 14, driving sprocket 15, funnel 16, supports 17-20 of coupling 21 and 22, gearbox 23, engine 24, vibrating screen 25, dust collector 26 container 27, shmek 2 & connected to the motor 29 and the gear 30.

Bukker 1 serves as a digger for enn regenerated granular material, i.e. material free from fine dust fractions located & contaminated gas. The conveyor 2 is designed for feeding into the hopper 1 regenerated granular material. Gate 3 provides an even-dimensional layer of granular material on the lattice 11 of the belt filter. 8, chamber 4 contains polluted air. Chamber 4 & a tank of contaminated gas and performs the function of equalizing pressure over the surface of the layer 7 of granular filter material. Through the inlet 5, the contaminated gas enters chamber 4. Through the outlet 6, clean gas is vented by a fan (not shown) from the chamber 13 of pure gas to the atmosphere. Layer 7 of granular filtering material performs the actual cleaning of the contaminated gas. Rubber tape 8 seals off contaminated gas chamber 4.

from her granular material. The load 9 presses the rubber tape 8 to the layer 7 of the granular material. Drive sprocket 10 drives grid 11 of the belt filter. A layer 7 of granular filter material is placed on the grid 11, consisting of the links 12 of the belt filter. In chamber 13, clean gas accumulates before sucking it through the outlet b. The pallet 14 is intended for supporting the idler vetzi grilles 1 of the belt filter. The sprocket sprocket 15 of the belt grain filter provides tension on the grid 11 of the belt filter. Through the funnel 16 granular material enters the lattice 11 of the belt filter on the conveyor 2, On the supports 17-20 there is a belt granular filter. The coupling sleeve 21 provides the clutch of the drive sprocket 10 with the gearbox 23, and the coupling sleeve 22 provides the coupling of the gearbox to the engine 24. The engine 24 drives the belt grain filter. The vibrating screen 25 serves to separate the dust from the filter particulate matter (regeneration). In the dust collector 26, the collected dust accumulates. Container 27 is intended to transport dust collected by the granular filter in it. The motor 29 with the gearbox 30 is designed to ensure the rotation of the screw 28, which removes part of the layer of granular materials and moves them to the conveyor 2.

The mutual arrangement of parts and assemblies of the belt grain filter is as follows. The hopper 1 is located above the lattice 11 of the belt granular filter at the drive sprocket 10. On the one hand, it is rigidly and hermetically attached to the chamber 4 of the contaminated gas and with it there are no supports 17-20. Conveyor 2 is located parallel to the lattice 11 of the belt granular filter at the side (see Fig. 2). The top head of the conveyor 2 is above the bunker 1, and the bottom is under the funnel 16. The gateway 3 is located in the chamber of the contaminated gas and is vertically attached to the side wall of the bunker 1. The chamber 4 of the polluted gas is located above the granular layer 7; on the one hand, it is hermetically connected to the hopper 1. The inlet 5 is rigidly and hermetically attached to the upper wall of the chamber 4 of polluted air. The clean gas outlet 6 is connected to the clean gas chamber 13 on its side (on the opposite side of the conveyor 2). A layer 7 of granular filter material is placed on the grid 11 of the belt granular filter. Rubber tape 8 is hermetically attached with its upper side to the vertical end wall of chamber 4 of contaminated gas.

The bottom side of the rubber tape 8 rests on the layer 7 of granular filter material. The load 9 is located on the lower part of the rubber tape 8. pressing it against the layer 7 of granular filter material. The load 9 is hingedly attached to the vertical end wall of the chamber 4 of the contaminated gas. The driving sprocket 10 is located under the hopper 1 and is connected by means of a coupling 2 5 with the motor 24. A screen 11 of a belt granular filter is mounted on a drive sprocket 10 and a driven sprocket 15. The working branch of the grid 11 consisting of links 12 of the belt granular filter is located above the clean gas chamber 13, and its lower branch is above the tray 14. The clean gas chamber 13 is located between the upper working and lower idle branches of the grid 11 of the granular belt filter. Pallet 14 rests

5 on the supports 17-20 and is located below the idler branch of the lattice 11 of the granular belt filter. Driving sprocket 15 is located above the funnel 16 under the belt 8 with a load 9. The funnel 8 is located above

0 tail head of the conveyor 2. Supports 17-20 are mounted on the foundation of the production room. One part of the coupling 21 is fastened with a key on the shaft of the drive sprocket 10, and the other

Part 5 - on the shaft of the gearbox 23 Both parts are connected by fingers. The axis of the shaft of the gearbox 23 coincides with the axis of the shaft of the drive sprocket 10. The gearbox 23 is located between the engine 24 and the drive sprocket 10. One part

0 of the coupling 23 is located on the input shaft of the gearbox 23, and the other on the engine shaft 24. Both parts of the coupling 22 are also connected by fingers. The engine 24 is located on the side of the belt

5 granular filter in the same way as the gearbox 23 and the couplings 21 and 22. The engine 24 is mounted on the frame and fixed to the foundation. The vibrating screen 25 is located under the driven sprocket 15 so that the grainy material falls onto the working surface of the screen, the pad falls down from the grill 11 of the belt grain filter. The dust collector 26 is located under the vibrating screen and the container 27 is under the dust collector.

5 26. Electric motor 29 with a gearbox 30 and. the screw 28 is located in the chamber 4 of the contaminated gas at the place where the step 7 of the granular material is formed.

The principle of the belt granular filter is as follows. By

the vacuum generated by the fan in the chamber 13, the contaminated gas through the nozzle 5 enters the chamber 4 from above, is filtered through the layer 7, is cleaned there passes through the gaps in the links of the belt filter grid 11 and enters the chamber 13 pipe 6 with a fan to the atmosphere. Gas cleaning in layer 7 occurs so that when a polluted gas is in chamber 4, large particles fall out (deposition) due to gravitational forces. By changing the direction of movement of the dust particles moving in the pores, the particles in the polluted gas collide, they lose their kinetic energy and the loss of energy lost particles in the pores of the granular granular material. Gas purification also occurs due to the mutual attraction of the masses of the smallest dust particles by the particles of the granular layer. Wet dust particles (for example, calcareous) adhere to the particles of the granular layer and stop their movement.

The regeneration of the layer 7 of granular material takes place at the vibrating screen 25, the passage by which the granular material oscillates and is free from dust. The dust spills down into the dust collector 26 and accumulates there. The granular filtering material, passing through a grater of 2 B, gets onto the conveyor 2 and returns to the hopper 1. From the hopper 1 the granular material flows to the grate 11, being evenly placed on it, creates a layer. Consider the principle of the proposed belt granular filter in detail.

As has already been shown, the efficiency of dust collection in the proposed filter increases due to the fact that the granular layer has a variable cross section,

Consider first the reasons for the relatively low degree of dust collection using a belt filter that has the same thickness of the granular layer along its entire length.

As is well known, the efficiency of a belt filter with a fixed uniform thickness over the entire length of the granular layer varies with time. In the first period of time immediately after loading the granular material onto the grate or between the perforated shells, the dust collection efficiency is low. This is due to the fact that the pores of the granular material are free of dust fractions. In the second period, after some time, the dust collection efficiency of the granular layer increases, reaching a certain limit. . This is explained by the fact that fractions in the form of bridges and

vaults. Dust is collected in this period not only due to the granular layer, but also due to the indicated bridges and vaults formed from already accumulated dust-like fractions. In the third period, with further

By filtering contaminated gas through a layer of sulphurous material containing dust fractions, the efficiency of dust collection is sharply reduced. This is due to the fact that the granular layer is okazuya5 almost completely clogged with dust particles. The dust collection efficiency of existing belt filters with the same thickness of the granular layer over the entire length is defined as

0 is average for all three specified periods, and it cannot be high, because of the three periods two periods (the first and the third) are not very effective.

The task of increasing the efficiency of the filter operation can be solved by constantly organizing the flow of filter gases in the mode of the second period,

In the filter, the granular material is arranged in a layer having initially large

0 thickness (the first part of the layer), and then a small (second part of the layer) Due to the unequal thickness of the layer, the gas flow through the first part of the layer will be significantly less than the gas flow through the second part of the layer. So

In this way, the main part of the polluted air will pass through the second part of the granular layer. The first part of the layer will perform the preparatory function. In this part silt will accumulate.

0 particles, bridges and arches are formed. This is facilitated by low gas velocity in the pores of the granular layer. After some time, the light turns on and the lattice moves.

5 with a granular layer. At the same time, the screw is turned on and the upper half of the first part is dropped onto the conveyor. Thus, the second part of the granular layer is prepared for effective

0 work, and the next portion of the first part of the granular layer is again saturated with dust fractions.

The time between turning on the drives of the filter grating and the screw is determined by

5 experimentally, depending on the degree of contamination of the ase and the physicomechanical properties of the material of the granular layer. It is also possible to operate the filter with continuous movement of the granular material along with the grating and operation of the auger. In this case, the speed of movement of the granular layer is also determined by the contamination of the source gas and the properties of the granular layer.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Belt grain filter containing feed hopper, gate, contaminated gas chamber with inlet port and purified gas chamber with outlet nozzle, drive and driven sprockets, grid with a layer of granular material, tray, gearbox connected by means of couplings to the engine and 0 driven sprocket conveyor, vibrating screen, dust collector and container, characterized in that, in order to increase dust collection efficiency by making a layer of granular material in the longitudinal direction of variable cross section, the filter is provided with one or more screws mounted across the grate surface to remove part of the granular layer. X 2. Filter by n, t, characterized in that the lattice is made of separate links. ,: i Bj gfeiL. i i:; iL: iJli:; . . Fig1 SvffA 8 9 and  IS -25 Phie 2 In id