SU1752910A1 - Machine for digging pits - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction of transmission lines, more precisely to the design of devices for the development of excavations for transmission line supports. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of operation of the coater. The excavator includes a shaft 3. with an intake 7, a rotary body 4, rotating milling cutters 8 and 9 with cutting elements 10 and transitional tools 2 and 6 with fingers 11. The cutting elements 10 are made with protrusions 12 and notches 13. During the development of the excavation hole, the hole 7 forms the leader hole, and the mills 8 and 9, rotating in the same direction, form the walls of the pit. The rotation of the mills 8 and 9 is ensured by the engagement of the fingers 11 with them, rotating together with the transition sleeves 2 and 6, while there is only one pair of the transitional clutch — the milling cutter in the permanent engagement. The removal of the soil from the excavation is carried out by raising the excavator upward without rotation. 2 ill., 1 tab. JV S e go go che

Description

317

The invention relates to the construction of transmission lines, more precisely to the design of devices for the development of excavations for transmission line supports.

A device is known for giving a pit a predetermined profile, comprising a stand with guides Figured grooves and rollers moving along these grooves and giving the pit a predetermined shape.

However, giving the pit a predetermined shape with the help of this device is carried out only after preliminary development of the leader pit, and therefore the development of the pit of a given shape takes a lot of time.

It is also known a device for developing trenches for transmission line supports, comprising a drill rod, a shaft with a burr and auger blades, an actuator and a device for broadening the pit, made in the form of sliding knives rotating with the shaft.

Since the device for broadening the excavation makes a rotary movement, it imparts a cylindrical shape to the excavation and thereby increases the amount of work on backfilling and compacting the soil.

The closest to the proposed technical entity is a device for excavating trenches, including a drill rod, a shaft with a borehole and auger blades, a drive and a reamer, while the widener is made in the form of a rigid frame mounted on the shaft of the borer over the auger blades using bearings and having cutting edges placed around the perimeter of the frame.

When using this device, the problem of developing a pit of a given cross section is solved. However, the designed soil, the entrance to the plane of the rigid cutting frame, is compressed, which leads to an increase in the drive's energy intensity and reduces the efficiency of the cutting process.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability in the operation of the excavation tel.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the excavator, including O4

shaft connected to the drive rod with a borer and mounted on the shaft by means of bearings of a widener with cutting elements, the latter are made in the form of cutters, and the shaft with the indent is equipped with fingers located below the body of the expander and rigidly fixed on it mounted on the body of the expander with the possibility of rotation, and on their ends, adjacent to the body of the expander, protrusions or depressions are made, while the fingers of the transition sleeves interact with the projections of some and the depressions of others cutters.

FIG. 1 shows a pitch generator, a general view, in FIG. 2 - the same, top view.

The drill rod 1, having a drive (not shown), is connected to the forge maker by means of a transition sleeve 2 mounted on a shaft 3, which in turn is fitted with a housing with bearings 5 and a transition sleeve 6 connected to a bore 7. On the body k are mounted cutters 8 and E, the cutting elements 10 of which, together with the fingers 11 fixed on the transition sleeves 2 and 6, form a kinematic pair of mechanical transmission. The possibility of rotation of the mills 8 and 9 in one direction is ensured by the presence on their cutting elements 10 of the projections 12 and recesses 13 arranged in such a way that the projections on the cutting elements of one cutter correspond to the recesses provided on the cutting elements of the other.

The development of the specified pit is carried out as follows.

On the drill rod 1, the boiler generator is fixed by means of the transition sleeve 2, then the drive of the drill rod 1 is turned on, the boiler driver is lowered until the indent 7 contacts the ground surface and the drill rod 1 is simultaneously turned and fed to the bottom hole. This work cycle continues until the cutting elements tO of the cutters 8 and 9 touch the ground surface, after which the rotation and lowering of the drill rod 1 is stopped and the cutters 8 and 9 of the boiler are oriented with respect to the axes of the building power line.

The direction of the axis of rotation of the mills 8 and S should be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the transmission line. The drive for lowering and rotating the drill rod 1 is turned on again.

Claims (1)

During the excavation process, the indent 7 forms a leader hole, and the mills 8 and 9, rotating in the same direction, form walls that form a given shape. The rotation of the mills in one direction is ensured by the engagement of the fingers rotating with the adapter sleeves, with the protrusions on the cutting elements 15 cutting. At the same time, only one pair of adapter sleeve - a milling cutter is in constant engagement, since the protrusions on the cutting elements of one cut correspond to the notches on the cutting elements of the opposite cutter. Removal of the developed soil from the excavation is carried out by lifting the drill rod upwards without rotation. The technical advantages of the proposed boiler in comparison with the well-known ones are the following: the possibility of developing trenches of cyindrical cross section, excluding technological operations 30 for alignment of structures, backfilling of the sinuses of the excavation and compaction of the backfill soil. The calculation of time saving when installing one reinforced concrete support is given in the table. Invention Formula A pitch, including a shaft connected to a drive rod with a drill, and a spreader with cutting elements and a housing mounted on the shaft by means of bearings, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of 45 in the work of the boiler, the cutting elements are 35 40 cutters, and the shaft with a drill is equipped with fingers and splices fixedly placed above and below the body of the spreader; fingers are mounted on the spreader body rotatably, and on their ends attached to the spreader body, protrusions or depressions are made , while the fingers of the adapter sleeves are installed with the possibility of interaction with the protrusions of one and the troughs of other cutters. The time spent on the operation, min Boiler machine Drilling a pit 6.33 6.33 Putting the machine into position for support lifting 1.05 Support sling 1.22 1.22 Lifting and lowering support in the pit 2, 62 2.62 Adjustment of the support and filling it with primer with a layer-by-layer seal 5.05 Removing the slings and growth 0.76 0.76 Bringing the car to the transport position1, 36 1.36 Moving to the next picket 1.68 1.68 E-L7 (Reg. 2