SU1752577A1 - Rotary stamping press for manufacture of two-layer briquettes - Google Patents

Abstract

Summary of the Invention: a drive rotor with dies, a tool block with punches, a feed mechanism with a screw feeder, a mechanism for dispensing a finished briquette, rotor drives, a vertical movement of the tool block and a screw feeder of the feed mechanism have a kinematic coupling mechanism in the form of a crank shaft - a tunnel mechanism, the crank axis of which is rigidly connected to the rotor drive shaft and the screw feeder axis through opposite overrunning clutches. The connecting rod is connected to the tool block. During the working stroke of the latter, the movement is transmitted through the kinematic coupling mechanism to the drive of the screw feeder, which feeds the mass into the matrix. During the reverse upward movement of the instrumental block, the kinematic coupling mechanism transmits motion to the rotor's rotation drive. 2 hp f-ly, 8 ill. (L

Description

The invention relates to equipment for the manufacture of double-layer briquettes, preferably perforated coal fuel briquettes, ignited from a match.

A punching press for manufacturing double-layer briquettes is known, comprising a frame in which a driving rotor with dies and a toothed turning mechanism is housed, a crossbar of a tool block with punches, movable in vertical guide frames, a feeding mechanism with a screw feeder, and also a mechanism for issuing a finished briquette.

one.

A disadvantage of the known press is the complexity of the design.

FIG. 1 shows the press proposed, top view: FIG. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. one; in fig. 5 - section MR

in fig. one; in fig. 6 is a section d-d in FIG. one; in fig. 7 shows section EE of FIG. 2; FIG. 8 is a section of FIG. 2

A rotary punching press for the manufacture of double-layer briquettes consists of a rotor 1 mounted on a vertical semi-axis 2, which can be rotated around it in a horizontal plane supported on a bearing 3. The half-axle 2 is fixed console in support 4, and the latter is placed on foundation 5 with bolts 6. Along the perimeter of the turntable in the holes are fixed interchangeable matrices 7 with internal chamfers 8 in their upper part. The number n of matrices is taken to be a multiple of four, for example 16. The centers of all the matrices 7 are placed on the same circle 9, and the angle a, which determines the relative position of the matrices 7 on the rotor 1, is equal to 360 / n degrees. When n 16 a - 22.5 degrees. At the bottom of the rotor 1 on its perimeter

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placed gear rack 10, To the bottom of the rotor 1 with the help of bolts 11 attached annular disk feeder 12. The sleeve 13 of the rotor 1 is blocked on top of the cover 14.

The rotor matrices 1 with their lower end edges are installed with the ability to interact with a stationary ring table 15, equipped with n / 4 circular holes 16, n / 4 U-shaped pockets 17 facing down, and n / 4 inclined discharge chutes 18 installed under the U-shaped chambers 19 facing upwards and equipped with curved plows 20. The plows 20 are arranged cantilever with gaps relative to the planes of the disk feeder 12. The stationary ring table 15 with U-shaped pockets 17, U-shaped chambers 19 and grooves 18piraets on the foundation 5 and fixed thereon by means of arms 21.

The circular openings 16 of the stationary table 15 are below the inlet pipes 22 at their 90 ° bend with a vertical section in each of them in the area adjacent to the fixed table 15 and the horizontal section 23 radially located relative to the stationary ring table 15. A screw feeder 24 with a drive sprocket 25 is placed inside each horizontal section 23 of the feeding nozzle 22. A hopper 27 for coal mass is placed above the loading slot 26 of each screw feeder 1st.

A crossbar 30 is placed above the rotor 1 with a possibility of displacement in the vertical plane and interacting with the four vertical guides 28 with its sliders 29. The ends of the guides 28 are fixed in the upper 31 and lower 32 supports. The support 31 is fixed on the frame 33, and the support 32 - on the foundation 5. On the crossbar 30 concentric with the same angular coordinates a and at the same distance from the central axis 34, as well as the axes of the matrices 7, an instrumental block of n / 4 identical interchangeable sets of cylindrical punches of different lengths; pre-pressing 35, final pressing and forming the briquette 36 and the buoyant 37 with the possibility of their displacement in the vertical plane and spring-loaded springs 38 to the crossbar 30. Between the punches 35 and 36, vertical cylindrical chutes 39 dp incendiary mixture with sockets 40 in the upper its part, with gaps 41 relative to the cross member 30.

The shortest punches 35 in the initial position are located coaxially with the openings 16 of the annular table 15. Following the estrus 39, the punch 36 has an increased length and is equipped with pins 42 which cantileverly fixed in its face part.

the length of the punch 36 together with the pins 42. The following sets of punch are arranged in the same order in combination with the chutes 39 and also have the same dimensions.

The crossbar 30, the rotor 1, the stationary ring table 15 and the annular disk feeder 12 are placed coaxially one relative to another, and their planes are parallel. Punch diameters 35-37 and

The internal diameters of the chutes 39 correspond to the internal diameters of the dies 7 with the possibility of the entry of punches 35-37 inside the matrix 7, and the internal diameter of the dies 7 corresponds to the diameter of the coal briquettes.

The cross member 30 by means of a finger 43, a connecting rod 44, a crank 45, a gearbox 46 and a torque limit coupling 47 is kinematically connected to the driving motor 48, the Engine 48 and the gearbox 46 are mounted on

frame 33. The drive sprocket 25 of the screw feeder 24 by chain transmission 49 is kinematically connected with the sprocket 50 mounted on a horizontal shaft 51 with an overrunning clutch 52, in relation to which the sprocket 50 is external, the shaft 51 is mounted by bearings 53 in parallel with the feed nozzle 22 on the foundation 5. Overrunning clutch 52 mounted on the shaft 51 with the ability to transfer

torque asterisk 50 in direction 54 (Fig. 6, counterclockwise).

An external sprocket is mounted on the shaft 51 by means of an overrunning clutch 55 (with an angular displacement relative to the clutch 52)

56 with the possibility of transmitting torque from the coupling 55 to the starter 56 in the direction 57 (Fig. 5, clockwise). The angular displacement of the coupling 55 is that the sprocket 56 begins to transmit torque through the coupling 55 only after rotation of the shaft 51 in the direction 57 (after reversing the shaft 51) at an angle / ZS of the beginning of rotation of the shaft 51 in the direction 57. The overrunning clutch 52 can be performed similarly

overrunning clutch 55, i.e. be offset. At the end of the shaft 51 (Figs. 1 and 4), a crank 58 is fixed, which by means of a hinge 59 is kinematically connected to a connecting rod 60, which is connected kinematically by means of a finger 61 to a slider 29. Crank 58 and

The connecting rod 60 forms a two-link hinge with an initial angle of 180 between the crank 58 and the connecting rod 60 and the final angle in y with the relative positions 62 of these elements, when the crank 59 is turned counterclockwise by the angle p. At the same time, the length of the connecting rod 60 is adopted with a larger radius of the crank 58, with the possibility of turning the latter together with the shaft 51 from the axis of the guide 28 by an angle smaller than 180 °.

The asterisk 56 is kinematically through a chain transmission 62 connected with an asterisk 63 mounted on the shaft 64. The shaft 64 is mounted in bearings 65, which are placed on the feed nipple 22 by means of brackets 66. At the end of the shaft 64, a gear wheel 67 is hooked and kinematic connection with the ring gear 10 of the rotor 1.

On a disk feeder 12 on a vertically oriented spring-loaded coil springs (not shown), semi-axes x 68 cantilever p / 4 curved rotary plows 69 are fixed with the possibility of their interaction when the rotor 1 rotates with its inner concave surface with the pushed out 7 matrix The U-shaped pocket 17 of the briquette and its shift to the disk feeder 12, and the outer convex surface with a vertical portion of the feed nozzle 22. In the initial position, the semi-axis 68 rotary plows 69 are located in the zone of the nozzles 22, and Gate plows 69 are directed and biased in a direction opposite the direction of rotation of disk feeder 12,

The cranks 58 and the connecting rods 60 can be equipped with screw adjusting knobs 70 and 71 to change their length and correspondingly change the angles of rotation f, a. In addition, the ejection punches 37 from the side of the dies 7 are made with a section 72 having a taper, and the internal diameters of the feed nozzles 22 and the holes 16 in the fixed table 15 are smaller than the internal diameters of the dies 7, and the half-diameter of the specified diameters and taper of the ejecting poles New 37 (their lower sections 72) are taken to be larger than the maximum installation error of the rotor 1 when it is rotated by the central angle a, corresponding to the position of the adjacent matrices 7 on the rotor 1.

The length of the punch 35 is adopted from the condition of pre-compaction of the coal mass at the maximum displacement of the cross member 30 downwards. Punch length 36 prith

from the condition of the final compaction of the coal mass in the matrix 7 and the final formation of the perforated briquette. The length of the punch 37 is adopted from the condition of complete ejection of the formed briquette from the matrix 7 with the maximum displacement down of the cross member 30.

A rotary punching press for making double-layer coal briquettes operates as follows.

Bins 27 and chutes 39 are continuously or periodically replenished, respectively, with the coal mass and the incendiary mixture to be briquetted. The first is fed to the bunker 27, and the second to the chute 39 through the sockets 40. The drive motor 48 is activated, from which the torque through the coupling 47 is transmitted to the gearbox 46. When the low-speed shaft of the gearbox 46 rotates with the crank 45 at the end of the connecting rod 44, I act on the finger 43 provides for the reciprocating movement of the crosspiece 30 in the vertical plane due to the sliding of the sliders 29 along the vertical guides 28. As the crossbar 30 moves down by the half turn of the crank 45 together with the crossbar 30, the crawl moves down by the same amount 29, by virtue of which the connecting rod 60, interacting with crank 58, rotates the latter counterclockwise by angle p, and together with crank 45 rotates by angle p and shaft 51. The torque from shaft 51 through an overrunning clutch 52 is transmitted to sprocket 50, which turns in direction 54. From the sprocket 50, the thrust force through the chain transmission 49 is transmitted to the sprocket 25. The torque from the sprocket 25 is transmitted to the screw feeder 24, which delivers the coal mass from the hopper 27 to the nipple 22. From the nozzle 22 the coal mass through hole 16 prod poured into Nachod schuyus above the opening 16 7 matrix.

At the same time, when the cross member 30 moves down the punch 35, the entrance to the matrix 7 from above and moving towards the coal mass pushed by the screw feeder 24, prepresses it beforehand, forming a flat intermediate surface of the future briquette at some distance from the upper cut of the matrix 7. The height of the free zone in the matrix 7 corresponds to the future volume of incendiary.

In the presence of an asymmetrical overrunning clutch 52, the stepwise pre-preloading of the coal mass in the matrix 7 can be reduced, the volume reserved for the incendiary mixture can also be reduced. The need for this may arise, for example, when changing the manufacturing technology and composition of a two-layer coal briquette.

While crossbar 30 moves downward and shaft 51 rotates counterclockwise (in direction 54), overrunning clutch 55 also rotates along with shaft 51 without transferring torque to sprocket 56. Therefore, during this time period sprocket 56, chain drive 62, star 63 and shaft 64 are fixed, and rotor 1 is also fixed.

When the crank 45 and cross member 30 move upward, slider 29 begins to move upward along guide 28. Due to this, the crank 58 from the lowermost position (62) rotates clockwise, and with it the shaft 51. In this case, the overrunning clutch 52, turning together with the shaft 51 clockwise, does not transmit a torque to the sprocket 50, therefore screw feeder 24 in this period of time is fixed. At the same time it provides a support for the coal mass in the pipe 22.

At the same time, when the crossmember 30 moves upward and the shaft 51 rotates clockwise until the crank 58 and shaft 51 rotate by an angle ft, the overrunning clutch 55 rotates together with the shaft 51, without transmitting torque to the sprocket 56. During this time, the punches 3.5-37 rise together with the plate 30 to the full height, i.e. the longest punch 37 (and 36) rises above the upper cut of the corresponding matrix 7 with a guaranteed clearance. From this moment, the overrunning clutch 55 is engaged, clinging with an asterisk 56. Due to this, when turning the crank 58, the asterisk 56 turns clockwise by an angle

V-PK Torque from asterisk 56 through

the chain gear 62 is transmitted to the sprocket 63, and from it to the shaft 64 with a gear wheel 67. Therefore, after the punch 37 leaves the die 7, the rotor 1, being kinematically connected by its gear rack 10 to the gear wheel 67, begins to turn counterclock-wise. When the crossbeam 30 reaches its upper position (crank 45 will make a full rotation), the rotor 1 rotates an angle ", and the next matrix 7 appears above the orifice 16,

At the same time, when in the first matrix 7 a pre-compaction of the coal mass occurs and a briquette is formed, the next (second) matrix is through the estrus 3d

it is loaded with an incendiary mixture, which is fed by gravity through the chute 39. Further, when the rotor is turned through an angle a, the extra volume of the incendiary mixture in the second

the matrix 7 is cut off by the chute 39, and the first matrix 7 is supplied for loading. In this case, the incendiary mixture from the chute 39 does not pour out, since it is supported by the fixed table 15.

At the same time, when the pre-compaction of the coal mass occurs in the first matrix 7, the punch 36 with the pins 42 produces the final pressing and the formation of a briquette in the third matrix 7.

While the pins 42 income m to the horizontal surface of the fixed table 15, forming holes in the briquette. The punch 37, moving down, pushes the finished briquette out of the fourth matrix 7. The briquette falls on

bottom of U-shaped pocket 17.

With further rotation of the rotor 1 at an angle a, together with the rotor 1, the disk feeder 12 is rotated and ring. Thanks to this, the rotary plows 69 are articulated

mounted on a spring-loaded semi-axis x 68 disk feeder 12, while rotating it counter-clockwise, they interact with their convex outer edges with vertical

portions of the feed nozzles 22 adjacent to the fixed table 15 and rotate clockwise around the axes 68, simultaneously moving together with the disc feeder 12.

As a result of these movements, the inner concave surface of the plow 69 interacts and the briquette 17 in the U-shaped pocket is displaced onto the disk feeder 12, moving further

together with the disk feeder 12. the briquette runs onto the stationary curvilinear plow 20, displaces it along the disk feeder 12 towards the discharge chute 18, falls on it and along the inclined chute

18 is overloaded by means of gravity into a vehicle, for example a belt conveyor (not shown). Next, the briquettes are conveyed by belt conveyors to a drying compartment (not shown).

For one revolution crank 45, i.e. one reciprocating movement of the crosspiece 30; four briquettes are molded in the device, which are simultaneously unloaded onto the disk feeder 12 and from there

four sloping gutters 18.

The continuous process of making briquettes is ensured by the fact that during the same one revolution of the crank 45, coal feed takes place simultaneously.

mass, its preliminary pressing and forming in the first four matrices 7, feeding and dosing of the incendiary layer in four second matrices, final pressing and forming of briquettes in four third matrices, pushing the briquette out of four fourth matrices into four pockets 17 with their subsequent transfer to the disc feeder 12 and unloading on inclined gravity gutters 18.

Due to the fact that the ejection punches 37 are made with sections 72 having a taper towards the dies 7, and the value of this taper is adopted such that with the maximum possible error in the angular coordinate and when the rotor turns 1, the lower edge area of the punches 37 will appear inside the through-hole area corresponding matrices 7, all punches 35-37 of cross member 30 accurately enter the through holes of the matrices 7. Moreover, errors in the installation of the rotor 1 after each cycle of its rotation at an angle but not accumulated, but, on the contrary, are removed during each cycle rotation of the rotor 1 at an angle a, which ensures reliable operation of the device in automatic mode. As for the very taper of the sections 72 of the punches 37, it can be installed and adjusted according to the test results of a prototype press, and the adjustment of the taper of the sections of the 72 punches 37 can be easily made by additional boring, since the punches 37 are interchangeable.

The acceptance of the inner diameters of the feed nozzles 22 and the openings 16 in the fixed plate 15 smaller than the diameters of the through holes of the dies 7 eliminates the possibility of supporting (albeit insignificant) coal mass when it is fed into the dies 7 when they are inaccurately installed above the openings 16.

The adjustment of the position of the rotor 1 with the dies 7 after each cycle of its rotation (automatic, due to the taper of the punches 37), ensuring accurate rotation of the rotor 1 through the calculated angle a, is carried out either by turning it forward or, conversely, precipitating back when the taper part interacts 72 punches 37 with corresponding edges of the dies 7. At the same time, when the cross member 30 moves downwards, the overrunning clutch 55 (responsible for the kinematic connection of the cross member 30 with the rotor 1) allows this (Fig. 5) to turn the shaft 51 clockwise. And against it.

Adjustment of the press assembly and during operation can be made by rotating in the appropriate directions and subsequent fixation of the screw straps.

70 and 71 on the crank 58 and the connecting rod 60. This allows you to change the ratio of the parameters of their lengths, and therefore, adjust the angle of rotation p of the crank 58 and the corresponding angle of rotation of rotor 1 in one

rotation of the low-speed shaft of the gearbox 46 with the crank 45. Chamfers 8 on the dies 7 facilitate the entry of punches 35-37 into them with small discrepancies in the kinematic scheme of the drive.

Springing the punch 35-37 springs 38 to the cross member 30 eliminates breakage of the mechanisms of the press. For this, the design forces of the springs 38 are chosen larger in magnitude than the operating forces on

corresponding punches 35-37. For the same purpose, a limit torque coupling 47 is provided.

The press can work with four, two, one fixed plow 20. For

the assembly of the device uses the same blocks, each of which consists of a feed nozzle 22 with a hopper 27, a screw feeder 24 seconds with water from the shaft 51.

A roter drive 1 with a disk feeder 12 may be one common to all blocks from one of the shafts 64 with a gear wheel 67, interacting with the toothed rack 10 of the rotor 1. The rotor drive 1 may be

implemented from all (four) shafts 64 of each of the blocks.

Combining the installation of all the punches 35-37 on one crossmember 30 improves the press performance and simplifies the management of the briquetting process. The supply of the coal mixture from below with screw feeders 24 through the feed pipes 22 into the dies 7, together with its preliminary pressing by punches 35, simplifies

design by combining in one two technological operations, in connection with this, increases productivity by reducing the number of operations in the briquette production cycle,

Making a transport mechanism for dispensing finished briquettes in the form of a circular disk feeder 12c concentrically suspended from the rotor 1c with curvilinear swivel plows 29, spring-loaded on the axis 28 and with the possibility of their interaction with the feed nozzles 22 and briquettes in the U-shaped pockets of the stationary ring table 15, combined with fixed plows 20 unload

Conveyor chutes 18 allow one to solve the problem of bringing briquettes out of the device in the conditions of a multiplicity of equipment of the same type.

The implementation of a rigid kinematic connection of the cross member 30 with the rotor 1 and the screw feeder 24 of the feed nozzle 22 makes it possible to significantly simplify the control of the technological process and to drive all the mechanisms from one engine 48, turning the device into an automatic one.

Making a kinematic connection in the form of a non-uniform articulated double-link 58 and 60, connected on one side with the slider 29 of the cross member 30, and on the other with the rotor 1 and the screw feeder 24 via chain drives 62 and 49, which are engaged through the overrunning clutches 55 and 52, allows simple technological means using the minimum number of elements to ensure the operation of the entire press from one engine 48. At the same time, the overrunning clutch 55 with asymmetrical reverse stroke allows you to simply solve the problem of rotor 1 retardation, forward to yield 35-37 punches from the cups 7 before the next cycle of rotation of the rotor 1 with the matrices 7.

The implementation of the crank 58 and the connecting rod 60 with screw bolts 70 and 71 allows, by changing the length of the crank 58 and connecting rod 60, to adjust the kinematic parameters of the press both during the adjustment period after installation and during operation. The received lengths of the connecting rod 60, initially greater than the length (radius) of the crank 58, allow for a relatively small stroke of 30 with sliders 29 to obtain sufficient angular movement of the rotor drive shafts 51 and 64, which is necessary to ensure rotation of the rotor 1 by a given angle determined by district distance between adjacent matrices 7.

Limiting the maximum angle of rotation of the crank 58 to an angle of less than 180 ° ensures that the shaft 51 is reversed during the return stroke of the crosspiece 30 with the sliders 29. The execution of the punches 35-37 and the matrices 7 with interchangeable ones allows them to be replaced as they wear. Equipping the press with a reduced number of fixed curved plows 20 and discharge chutes 18 makes it possible to simplify the transportation of briquettes to the drying compartment by reducing the number of conveyors, but this requires a slight increase in the width of the annular disc feeder

12, and consequently, the diameter of the rotor 1. Therefore, such variants of the press are adopted during its design, depending on the specific production conditions and the binding conditions.

Picking the press with the same sets of the same type of equipment, symmetrically located about the axis 34 of the rotor 1, for example consisting of four sets, four times increases the performance of the press, acting from one engine 48 of the drive.

Claims (3)

1. A rotary forging press for the manufacture of double-layer briquettes containing a frame in which a driving rotor with dies and a toothed turning mechanism are housed, a cross member of a tool block with punches, movable in vertical guide frames, a feeding mechanism with a screw feeder, and also a mechanism for issuing a finished briquette , in order to simplify the design, it is equipped with a kinematic connection mechanism of the rotor drives, the cross member of the tool block and the screw feeder, made in the form of a crank a connecting rod mechanism, the axis of the connecting rod is rigidly connected to the cross member of the tool block, and the crank axis is rigidly connected to the gear shaft of the gear drive mechanism of the rotor rotation and the axis of the screw feeder of the feed mechanism through the overrunning clutches of opposite rotation direction, one of which is connected to rotor driven, installed with an angular displacement relative to the first clutch. 2. A press according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod and crank of the kinematic coupling mechanism of the rotor drives, the cross member of the tool block and the coal feed mechanism are made integral and provided with screw fasteners, and the length of the connecting rod more than the length of the crank. 3.Press on PP. 1 and 2, that is, so that the feed mechanism is located under the rotor, the diameter of its feed pipes is smaller than the diameters of the rotor matrices. HUtf 5J J A Oh ci " 66 d d fig.z.  in 62 AT . 4 Fig5 ll Fiab w FIG. 7 ff 1752577 Ј-Ј w guv