SU1750552A1 - Method for determining numerical strength of the mite ectoparatsites in a biogeocoenosis - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: medical parasitologists. The invention: in determining the number of ticks, the route is chosen in the direction of the wind, the dog of the breed is used as a spitz dog, and the calculation of the number is carried out according to the formula Y (1000 X) / M M K), where Y is the number of ticks per 1 ha area; X is the number of ticks collected; C - width of the body of the dog, cm; M is the length of the route, km and K is a coefficient that takes into account the path to be cryolinear.

Description

sl C

The invention relates to biogeocenology, parasitology, and epidemiology, a predominant use area is the sanitary-epidemiological service, where the invention can be used to parasitologically assess a territory in order to determine the indicators of the epidemiological hazard of biogeocenoses.

The known methods for determining the number of ectoparasites mites are very labor intensive and, moreover, do not provide high accuracy in determining the absolute number of mites by the active stages of their development in the surveyed area.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and reduce the complexity of the accounting work.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

In the surveyed biogeocenosis, a representative route is planned to account for ticks. The meter (operator) takes a miniature or medium spitz dog (dogs) of the breed ahead or to the side of the dog, and in windy weather the route passes in the direction of the wind. The distance traveled is measured by well-known methods. The speed of movement along the route is about 2.6 km per hour. After passing the route, dogs are examined for the coat, the ectoparasites ticks attacking the dog are collected and counted with their differentiation according to developmental stages and sex, after which the number of ticks is determined by the formula

„1000 X

SL O

fO

 C -M K

where Y is the number of hungry active ectoparasite mites at the time of the count, the number

individuals (by stages of development, sex or cumulative ™) per 1 hectare of the surveyed territory;

X is the number of tick individuals (by stages of development, semi ilm B aggregate) that attacked the dog on this route;

. C is the width of the body of the dog, including the coat, in its widest part, cm;

M - the length of the tactile path, km;

K - coefficient taking into account the curvature of the dog's path.

Coefficient K is equal to one if the dog is guided along a route, and in other cases it is determined empirically in a biometrically sufficient number of topics. The best ticker dog is a miniature or medium spitz with white or brown coat color.

In case of tick-counting works in encephalic-dangerous areas, as well as in active foci transmitted and spread by bloodsucking ticks, other infectious diseases, and in areas with a high number of ectoparasite ticks, the accountant and dog used to catch ticks should have appropriate preventive measures. vaccinations. Other safety precautions must be observed.

Example. Conducted test records of taiga tick numbers (Ixodes persufcatus Schuize). In this case, medium spitz dogs were used (first dog: coat color brown, weight 8.1 kg, body height 32 cm, body width in its widest part, including coat, 21.5 cm; second dog: wool color pure - black with white breasts, weight 5.5 kg, body height 32 cm, body width in its widest part, including coat, 16.5 cm).

1, Accounting April 27, 1988, place of accounting for the NJ 11 quarter of the Alekhin forestry of the Kurilsky state reserve (near the village Mendeleev of the South Kurilsky district of the Sakhalin region). The tick counting route passed through the basic (grandmother's) phytocenoses in place of old cuttings (places of clear and conditionally clear cuttings with highly sparse stands). In areas of clear cutting, the average height of bamboo, which is the ecological dominant of the phytocenosis, was 50.01 cm ± 3.2 cm with a variation range from 27 to 90 cm and with an average plant density of 32V bamboo stalks per 1 square meter. m. (error of representativeness

± 26 stalks per 1 sq. M) with fluctuations from 252 to 444 stalks per 1 sq. M. In places of conditionally clear cutting with the presence of sparse stands, the height of bambuchnik was 73, 3 cm (ranges from 60 to 101 cm), and the density of plants ranged from 175 to 675 stems per 1 sq. M. The length of the route was measured in the winter in the snow and was 1 km. On the route to

0 the first dog was attacked by 2 ticks (imago, females), the second dog was attacked by 1 tick (imago, male). According to this formula, the number of ticks is (the coefficient K is equal to one due to almost 5 non-linear movement of dogs along the route):

according to the records for the first dog v1000 2 ..,

215-1- (ГП-0 кле1Ча (imago, female) per 1 ha;

0 according to records for the second dog 1000 1

 tick (imago,

16.5 1.0 1, 0 male) per 1 ha.

Biometrically, each dog counts each individual repeat, the total or total tick counting path for two dogs is 2 km and the requirement of the standard tick counting method is fulfilled. According to the results of two replications, the number of ectoparasite mites in the surveyed area is determined: a) the number of active females 93 + 0

Y

 46 individuals per 1 ha;

five

2 replications

b) the number of active males

In 2 repetitions, 31 individuals per 1 hectare;

c) the number of active ticks in the immature stage

Y 2-g vSHi7 ° OSOBE 1 ha

d) the total number of active ticks of all stages of development (females, males, immature individuals)

5 (93 + 0 + 0) + (0 + 61 + 0) t,,. Y And sings Yotgl individuals

on 1 ha.

In the indicated phasic phytocenosis (boom box), the registration of mites by known methods (dragging the flag and also the haulers) was also carried out. However, due to the high density of plants, the flag and the drag were rolled into a tube. No ticks were attacked on the flag or the trap. It is possible that the mites attached to the flag or drag line were knocked down by dense vegetation. In this case, the advantages of the proposed method

in comparison with known methods for determining the number of ticks on the ground.

2 Accounting on July 1, 1988, place of registration is quarter No. 324 of the Tinsky forestry of the Kurilsky state reserve and adjacent territories to the reserve in the Saratovka valley (Yuzhno-Kurilsky district of the Sakhalin region). The ectoparasite tick counting route passed through the high-grass phytocenoses (Kuril high grass), dominated by the butterbur pond, meadowsweet Kamchatka, the hemp broomstick, bam to the Kamchatka, Highlander of Sakhalin, Fori sausure, bearberry, powerful kakali. Dominant stalk thicknesses ranged from 19 to 42 stalks per square meter. The average height of tall grasses along the tick counting route was on average 170-173 cm with variations on individual high-grass species from 66 to 222 cm in areas without tree vegetation, an average of 137 cm with fluctuations from 51 to 198 cm in high-grass light forests of x and an average of 102 cm with fluctuations from 67 to 139 cm along the boundary of high-grass and forest phytocenoses. In high grass, the ground cover is predominantly dead (last year's litter of vegetation and the litter of the current year in the form of dead leaves, stems, shoots, etc.) During the tick-counting works, the first dog was used (torso width 21.5 cm), which was carried out on a leash. The length of the traversed path along the tick-borne route was 5.8 km. The dog was attacked by 9 ticks, females, 8 ticks, males and 8 immature individuals of ticks. The number of ectoparasite ticks, determined by the above formula, was: females 72 individuals per 1 ha; males 64 individuals per 1 ha; immature ticks 64 individuals per 1 ha; and the total number of active clears. I. Kasard

Tehred M. Morgental

Order 2632 Circulation: Subscription

VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab.

At all stages of development, 200 individuals per 1 ha.

The proposed method significantly reduces the labor intensity of the tick-counting work (1.2-3.2 times), increases the accuracy of the counting and allows for counting the number of ticks in any weather and at any time of the day, which is especially important for studying the daily and meteorologically determined activity of ticks. ectoparasites. It is promising to use the method in preserves to collect many years of factual material on phenology, population dynamics and spatial distribution of ectoparasite mites, since the values of these indicators are a reliable indicator of the anthropogenic transformation of ecosystems and the state of parasitic systems in preserved biogeocenoses without which ecologically sound wildlife conservation strategies, especially rare and endangered species of warm-blooded animals,

Claims (1)

Claim Method The method for determining the number of ectoparasite ticks in a biogeocenosis includes choosing a route, collecting ticks using an object to catch, counting ticks and calculating their numbers, characterized in that, in order to increase accuracy and reduce labor intensity, the route is chosen in the direction of the wind. object of catching using dog breed Spitz, and the calculation of the number carried out by the formula Y 1000 -X with m to where Y is the number of ticks per 1 hectare; X is the number of ticks collected; C - width of the body of the dog, cm; M - the length of the route, km; K - coefficient taking into account the curvature of the path. Proofreader M. Demchik