SU1749385A1 - Foundation of earthquakeproof building - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The foundation includes upper and lower plates with spherical depressions between which a balloon b with spherical convexes, filled with compressed air, is placed. The protuberances of the capstan are placed in the recesses of the plates and ^ have a radius of curvature 1.2–1.5 times smaller than the radii of the recesses of the plates. 4 il.

Description

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The invention relates to construction and is intended for the manufacture of foundations for earthquake-resistant buildings in earthquake-prone areas.

The foundation of the earthquake-resistant building is known, including the upper and lower plates and a damping device placed between them, in the form of a chamber with compressed air.

However, the foundation does not have sufficient reliability under seismic effects.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of operation.

The plates are made with spherical depressions, and the chamber is in the form of a cylinder with spherical bulges along the perimeter, mounted by vertical and horizontal cables, with spherical bulges placed in the depressions of the plates and having a radius of curvature 1.2-1.4 times smaller than the radius of curvature recesses of the plates, and the top plate is provided on the sides with vertical steel shields.

FIG. 1 shows the foundation, a top view: in Fig. 2, a pneumatic shock absorber; a top view: in Fig. 3, section A-A in Fig. 2; in Fig. 4, section B-B in Fig. 1.

The foundation has reinforced concrete supports 1. waterproofing gaskets 2, steel (cast-iron) base plates 3 with spherical depressions 4. a frame of channel beams 5, a chamber with compressed air in the form of a cylinder 6, steel protective sheets 7. ending with sheets, weights for weirs .

The main device providing seismic resistance is a pneumatic cylinder 6 having spherical protuberances 8 around the perimeter. At the intersection of sections of adjacent spherical bulges 8, the opposite lines of the balloon are made of cables 9, made of fiberglass, varnished and glued. The cylinder body is made of glass fiber strips.

Steel base plates 3 have spherical depressions with a radius of curvature of 1.2 - 1.4 times larger than the radius of curvature of the spherical bulges 8 of the cylinder 6. But the projections of sections 4 and 8 on the horizontal plane coincide with each other. Circles 10 (FIG. 2) are depressions 4 of steel plates 3. which are pressure-matched with the bulges of billon 6 within a circle 10 by deforming the latter. In this case, the plates 3 are affected by vertical forces of compressed air in the balloon, equal to the total produced

the area of circles 10 on the air pressure inside the cylinder 6 - shock absorber.

During the earthquake, the vertical push of the plate 3, perceived by it from the reinforced concrete support 1. causes an increase in the diameter of circle 10 to the dotted circle 11 (figure 2) as a result of the lower plate 3 moving upward to the position outlined by the dotted line 12 (fig. 3) . At this top

plate 3 at the moment of impact of the elements does not change its position. At the moment of impact, the pressure of compressed air in cylinders increases by the amount of decrease in the volume of the cylinder caused by doubling the deformation area of its spherical bulges 8 from circle 10 to circle 11, which increases the pressure by less than 1% of the original. This increase in pressure is transmitted to the upper plate 3 as smoothly occurring.

The load force of the building is less than 1% of the building mass.

If then the bottom plate: 1 t 3 at the next moment takes the same position, then the pressure in the cylinder becomes the same, and

the building practically does not take this blow because of its inertia, even if it is destructive for buildings that do not have the proposed cylinder b - a shock absorber. If the bottom plate 3 remains in

the upper position, the compressed air pressure increased by 1% causes the cylinder cross-section to increase by increasing the expansion of the shell of the cylinder body and the horizontal cables by 1% from

their stretch values, created by a pressure of 200 kg / cm. which absorbs more than half of the pressure increase and further causes a smooth rise of the top plate 3 by an amount corresponding to

reduction of the area of the circle 10 by less than 0.5%, since the mass of the building does not increase due to the impact).

Thus, the shock increase in the area of a circle 10 doubled on the bottom plate 3

causes a decrease of 0.5% of the area of the circle 10 on the top plate 3. i.e. the area of the upper circle varies 200 times smaller than the area of the lower circle, and consequently, the force decreases 200 times

push. At the same time, the time of impact of this push is also increased hundreds of times. and the destructive effects on the building are reduced by the product of these quantities, i.e. in ten thousand hours.

a substantially smaller amount of its displacement, which causes the vertical inclination of the cables 9 in the direction opposite to the push.

The inclination of the cables 8 creates a horizontal component applied to the upper base of the cylinder 6, which, under its influence, shifts towards the push by less than the amount of displacement of the lower base of the cylinder 6, and creates an inclination of the plane of the circles TO toward the direction of the shock.D resulting in the horizontal force applied to the spherical surfaces 4 of the upper plate 3 is hundreds of p, less than the force of the foundation 1, smoothly arising during the exposure, increased hundreds of times. Thereby, the destructive effect of the push is reduced ten thousand times.

As a result of this reduction in the destructive impact of earthquake shocks, the proposed foundation allows the building to transfer any kind of earthquake force without any damage to the building. Cylinders .6 can be designed and manufactured with such a margin of safety that, for whatever reason, even two out of three cylinders fail to work out of order for them to cause dangerous inclination or skewing of the building. Each of the cylinders 6 has a piezoelectric sensor 13 with a wiring output to the dashboard, for example, near an electric meter, and the warning light comes on only when the pressure decreases between the cylinder b and the plate 3 below the established norm.

In this case, through a fitting with a nipple 14. Use the available window in steel

shield 7, air is pumped into the balloon to the required pressure. If after the earthquake, one of the pillars of the foundation 1 was raised or lowered, which caused the building to tilt, then the building can be directed along the usual plumb or level by appropriately lowering air from the cylinders 6 located above this support 1, which turned out to be higher than the other supports 1 After which repair work can be started to restore the foundation 1 supports damaged by earthquakes. .

Cylinder 6 in accordance with its conditions

The operation has horizontal cables 9 2-3 times more durable, chalet pkknye ropes 9 and lateral. e body side, which can also withstand 2-3 times greater load than the upper and lower

bases.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The foundation of an earthquake-resistant building, including upper and lower plates and A damping device disposed between them is of a chamber with compressed air, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, the plates are made with spherical recesses, and the chamber is made in the form of a cylinder with spherical bulges along the perimeter, mounted by vertical and horizontal cables, moreover, the spherical convexities are located in the recesses of the plates and have a radius of curvature of 1.2–1.4 times smaller than the radius of the recesses of the plates, and the upper plate is equipped with vertical steel shields on the sides. 1749385 Bl - As fig i 3 JO Fig 2 5-6 Fig