SU1741690A1 - Method for selection of carp fishes for breeding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to fish farming, in particular to the selection of producers of carp fish for crossing. Essence of the method: the transplantation of scales from one manufacturer to another is carried out. The minimal length of the graft survival determines the fish to be crossed. 1 ill., 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to fish farming and can be used to improve the quality and quantity of farmed fish.

A known method for analyzing the intraspecific structure of various fish species, which is based on a reaction to a graft, such as fins.

There is also known a method based on the formation of a herd of trout producers, in which males and females are crossed taking into account the types of serum albumin and transferrin.

The known method of biochemical genetics involves the analysis of a whole series of genetic blood systems to obtain, as a result of crossing, selected producers of the heterosis effect in the progeny. However, for this purpose, a complex electrophoretic analysis technique is required, requiring expensive and scarce reagents. In addition, blood sampling causes injury to fish and entails changes in physiological status.

The purpose of the invention is to use the scale graft reaction to determine the degree of differences in fish according to the complex of tissue-compatible antigens underlying the selection of manufacturers for positive compatibility.

To achieve this goal, transplant scales from males to females and vice versa. The control is the reaction of fish to the autograft. The criterion of viability of transplanted scales is the presence of pigment cells containing melanophores in it. Examination of recipient fish is carried out daily until the complete destruction of the melanophores and the death of the graft (see drawing).

The transplantation of scales at producers was carried out in autumn or early spring long before spawning.

The determination of the degree of difference between males and females and the selection of pairs is carried out on common crucians, which are kept in aquariums at 20 ° C.

The scales are transplanted with forceps under a microscope using BF-6 medical glue on fish fixed without anesthesia.

Example. The survival time of the scales of the males transplanted to the female crucians is given in the table. ,

The table shows that the female I rejects the scales transplanted from the male 5, for 5 days.

vj

ON Oh

about

those. faster than scales from other males. Similarly, in female III, the survival time of the scales r of males 2 and 5 is the minimum - 4 days. None of the tested males is suitable for crossing with female II, since the long survival time of the grafts in this case indicates a relationship between these pairs of producers offspring from a combination of which will be distinguished by reduced viability.

The minimum scale graft survival time for a group of tested fish is determined by the average (M) and dispersion of the indicated trait (o). So, taking into account the data in the table, uno is equal to Mmin M-, 41 days, i.e. for sampling crucians, the minimum survival time of the graft scales is within 4-5 days. Therefore, the eggs of the female Carpas III, for example, can be fertilized with milk or a mixture of milk obtained from males 2-6 in various combinations, but it is better to use sperm from males 2 and 5. It is not necessary to cross the male 1 with the specified female

An increase in the viability of carps, obtained from positive combinations of manufacturers, according to data of industrial verification of the proposed method.

In order to conduct an experiment on June 5, 1990, 60 copies of three-year-old scaly carp (25 females and 35 males) were caught from the repair ponds of the plant, which were planted in plastic trays located in an incubation workshop for eight to nine fish in each tank. Females were planted separately from males. Fish weight 0.8 - 1.6 kg, body length 35 - 52 cm. Fish were tagged with special tags. Experiments on allotransplantation of scales from males to females and control autotransplantation in females were carried out on 6 June. The scales from two males were transplanted onto one female (two scales from each). All females were transplanted with autografts (two scales each) —the donor site remained empty for the purpose of control. Allotransplantation was performed on a row of scales located immediately below the side line at intervals of one scale. The autotransplants of the females were transplanted to the opposite side of the fish, also below the lateral line. Scale transplantation operations were performed with forceps without anesthesia and binocular (large scale). In order for the recipient not to lose the donor's graft, medical adhesive BF-6 V was used.

In cases where the scales were larger and did not match the foreign pocket, they were clipped with scissors before insertion, and if they turned out to be smaller.

size - replaced with larger scales, taken from the abdomen of the same donor. The main criterion for assessing tissue incompatibility during allotransplantation of scales in this experiment was the destruction

0 melanophores.

Caviar taken from the pituitary gland of the bream picked up on the positive compatibility of the parental pairs of carp, were used for incubation. Caviar from each female

5 was inoculated with sperm from a male picked up by her. The sparkling of the spark was carried out with dry milk (at the rate of 15 g per 1 l of water) for 35 minutes. Simultaneously with the experienced fish, three-year-old carp were injected.

0 taken without choice, the eggs of which served as control. An equal number of eggs (650000 pcs.) Were laid in the experimental and control devices of VNIIPRKh of 50 l.

5 In the course of the experiment, the recipient fishes lost nine and six, respectively, allo- and autografts, which did not affect the results of the experiment. All of the operated individuals were examined.

0 daily. In the case of autografts, in comparison with the intact scales, the first three days showed a slight dilation of the vessels, later on all of them revascularized and the engraftment reactions of the scales were observed.

5 donors in recipients proceeded without inflammation. On the contrary, without exception, all allografts are planted with

host hyperplastic tissue causing capillary hemorrhage and expansion

0 vessels in the zone of contact with the tissue of the recipient.

On the eighth day, during the reaction, nine recipients (i.e., 36% of the total number of recipient fish) showed complete destruction of the melanophores. Of these nine matched pairs, five were left most prepared for incubation, the rest of the fish was transplanted into ponds. In total, 140 allo and 50 were performed in this experiment.

0 autotransplantation of fish scales.

The hatching of larvae in the experiment and control occurred simultaneously on the fourth day, the output in the experimental apparatus was 585,000 copies. (90%), in the control - 513000

5 copies, (79%).

Claims (1)

Claim method The selection of producers of carp fish to be crossed, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of selection and thereby increase viability of the offspring, pre-transplant scales from one producer to another and The minimum duration of graft survival is determined by the fish to be crossed.