SU1740336A1 - Two-layer building material manufacture technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to lrome-ti building materials and can be used for the interior lining of thermal insulation of walls of buildings and structures for various purposes, for insulating cold rooms and other low-temperature containers and storages. A plate is placed in a stainless steel mold or a crystallization glass powder is poured in a thickness of 9-15 mm, and a powder of a foaming mixture is poured on top. Silicon carbide is introduced into the glass-glass mixture as a gasifier. Heat treatment is carried out in a two-stage mode: first at a temperature of 600-650 ° C and an exposure of 0 hours, and then at 860-350 ° C and the same exposure. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry, namely, to a method for producing a two-layer building material consisting of a layer of foam glass and a thick front glass-ceramic layer intended for interior cladding, thermal insulation of walls of buildings and structures for various purposes, insulation, cold rooms and other low-energy - temperature tanks and storages.

A known method for producing a porous material with a dense vitrified face (penodecor), which consists in the heat treatment of powdered mixtures based on glass.

It is also a method for producing a two-layer material consisting of foam glass and an inorganic material, in which not only glass is used, but also fiberglass, glass fiber, and glass paper. Thermal and sound insulating non-combustible materials with a protective layer that provides high moisture resistance can be obtained by known methods. However, this type of materials have low mechanical characteristics (compressive strength, abrasion resistance, impact strength).

The closest to the present invention is a method of making foam glass blocks with an invoiced surface, according to which an textured layer can be obtained by laying a layer of glass powder on the bottom without a 4-6 mm thick gaseous agent before pouring the normal foam glass blend. In the process of sintering, the lower layer is vitrified and is combined with the mass of foam glass. The glass powder can be replaced with a powder of any other material (e.g., slag) that can be sintered when exposed to high temperatures on the order of 800-850 ° C. Instead of powder, you can use flat glass, which is placed on the bottom of the mold before backing up the foam glass mixture. A protective layer consisting of sintered or sheet glass prevents the penetration of moisture into the pores of the foam glass, which makes these blocks resistant to atmospheres.

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ferrite effects. However, the low mechanical properties of this material limit its field of application.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the strength and thermal insulation characteristics, as well as chemical resistance.

The method for producing the material is as follows.

A plate is placed into a stainless steel mold or poured into a powder of crystallizing glass 9–15 mm thick, a powder of a foaming mixture containing particles of glass and a pore-forming agent is poured on top and subjected to a two-stage heat treatment according to the following conditions: , the exposure time is 0.5-1.0 hours, the temperature of exposure in the second stage is 860-950 ° C, the exposure time is 0.5-1.0 hours. After that, the material is annealed, cooled to room temperature and removed from the mold.

The use of two-step heat treatment is more beneficial for obtaining a building material with high performance characteristics. At the first stage, optimal conditions are created for the processes that provide structural transformations preceding the foaming of the base layer and crystallization of the protective layer. crystallization centers, particles of glass powder, when used for a protective layer, are sintered; at the same time, the surface layer is sintered with the glass particles of the base layer.

In the second heat treatment stage, the following processes occur in the already sintered material at temperatures of 860–950 ° C: at these temperatures, gaseous substances occupying a significant volume and leading to foaming of the base layer are released from the particles of the blowing agent; crystallization processes occur in the protective layer, leading to the formation of a bulk glass-crystalline structure, which ensures high strength of the material. As a result, a material is formed consisting of two densely adhered layers of the base layer of the foam glass and a durable protective glass-crystal layer.

Example1. A slag glass plate with the composition of stainless steel is placed in a stainless steel mold - May% SiO2 57 8 AljCh 7 7 CaO

21.5; MDO 2,6; MpO 0.3; FeO 0.2; TI02 0.1;

# 20 1.7; Fa 1.8; ZnO 1.7; KaO 5.1, thick

12 mm on which a layer of a foaming mixture composed of float glass and silicon carbide powders is poured. The contents of the form are heat treated in a two-stage mode. The temperature of the second stage is 625 ° C, the holding time is 0.75 h. The temperature of the second stage is 900 ° C, the holding time is.

0.75 h. After that, the material is annealed, cooled, to room temperature and removed from the mold. The result is a two-layer durable material consisting of a layer of foam glass and firmly adhered to

He layer of slakositalla thickness of 10 mm.

Example 2. In the form of stainless steel stack plate crystallizing glass composition, wt.%: SiOa 63,6; 6.4; CaO 20.9; MDO 2.7; KAO 4.6; Na20

1.8; Fz 2.5 (over 100%), 15 mm thick, onto which a layer of foaming mixture consisting of electrovacuum glass powders (CELT screening) and silicon carbide is poured. The contents of the form are heat treated in a two-step mode. The temperature of the first stage is 600 ° C, the holding time is 1.0 h. The temperature of the second stage is 950 ° C, the holding time is 0.5 h. After that, the material is annealed, cooled to room temperature and removed from the mold. As a result, a two-layer durable material is obtained, consisting of a layer of foam glass and a 15 mm thick layer of a layer that adheres firmly to it. i

When I m p 3. A layer of a powder of crystallizing glass of the composition is poured into a stainless steel mold, wt%: SiOa 64.5; A1203 3.2; CaO 2.0; Zn02 10.0; BAO 3.0; NaaO 7.8: KaO 8.0; Ce02 0.2; TU2 0.4; Fa 0.9, 12 mm thick, onto which a layer of foaming mixture consisting of float glass powders and silicon carbide is poured. The temperature of the first stage is 650 ° C, the exposure time is 0.5 h. The temperature of the second stage is 860 ° C,

holding time 1.0 h. After that, the material is annealed, cooled to room temperature and removed from the mold. The result is a two-layer durable material consisting of a layer of foam glass and

firmly bonded with him a layer of sintered glass-ceramic material with a thickness of 9 mm.

In tab. 1 shows the technological parameters of the preparation, in table. 2 - properties

two-layer building material.

As can be seen from the table, the mechanical characteristics and chemical resistance of the material obtained are higher compared with the prototype.

When the boundary conditions specified in the application of ratios are exceeded, the mechanical and operational characteristics of the material obtained are deteriorated.

The lower temperature of the first heat treatment stage is insufficient for sintering glass powder. At a higher temperature of the first heat treatment stage, it is possible to release gases, which, in conditions of not yet densely sintered mass, are removed from it through the communicating pores, therefore this part of the gases does not participate in the foaming of the mass.

At higher or lower temperatures of the first stage of heat treatment, the crystallization of the protective layer becomes difficult, since the indicated temperature range is optimal for structural transformations leading to the appearance of crystallization centers, the basis on which crystals grow.

The lower temperature of the second heat treatment stage is insufficient for structural transformations that allow crystallization processes to take place. Big

The temperature of the second heat treatment stage leads to a strong softening of the material of the protective layer. This does not improve the conditions for crystallization, but contributes to its adhesion to the form. In addition, the high temperature of the second heat treatment stage leads to the occurrence of communicating pores, the release of gases from the foamed mass and the sedimentation of the latter.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula - A method of producing a two-layer building material by laying the facing layer in the form of a sheet or glass powder, then backfilling the foam glass mixture, heat treatment and annealing, characterized in that, in order to improve strength and thermal insulation characteristics, as well as chemical resistance, a facing layer is used crystallizing glass of high-calcium composition or b-color kinescopes, silicon carbide is introduced into the foam glass mixture as a gas-forming agent, and heat treatment is carried out according to a two-stage mode first at 600-650 ° C with a shutter speed of 0.5-1 h, and then at 860-950 ° C with the same shutter speed. table 2 Lodome N) (TI them. D.I.Mendeleev