SU1740290A1 - Apparatus for pneumatic feed of loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: intended for transporting bulk materials by a stream of compressed gas. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The device comprises a vertical feed tube inlet with a lower part with a mixing chamber with an aerodistrive and an outlet nozzle communicated in turn with a source of compressed gas. In the mixing chamber, there is a damper that divides it into two cavities of high pressure on the output side of the steam and low pressure on the side of the loading pipe and is connected to the material level sensor in the pipe. By lowering the material level in the pipe below the sealing flap, the signal from the level sensor overlaps the cavity of the high-pressure mixing chamber from the cavity of the discharge pipe and thereby prevents breakthrough of compressed gas through the loading pipe, which increases the reliability of the device. 1 il. Yo

Description

This invention relates to the pneumatic transportation of bulk materials.

A device for pneumatically feeding a bulk material is known, comprising a mixing chamber with an aerator, over which an outlet is installed. Air ducts are connected to the upper part of the mixing chamber and under the aerator. During the operation of the hoist, the material is continuously fed into the mixing chamber through the loading tube, and the necessary material column is created in the mixing chamber, including a breakthrough of compressed air. The aerated material is ejected into the outlet and then transported to a specific height to the place of discharge.

The disadvantages of the known device for pneumatic feeding of bulk material are poor conditions for aeration of the material due to the presence of a table of material in the mixing chamber, which creates a high pressure on the floor and the instability of the technological regime due to the lack of control of the column of material. This ultimately reduces the transport efficiency of the material.

The closest to the proposed technical entity is a pneumatic lift, which includes a housing made of horizontal and vertical parts interconnected L-shaped and communicated through an outlet in the place of their connection. The vertical part of the body ends at the top of the loading window. AT

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The horizontal part of the body houses a camera with a aerial floor, a discharge pipe installed above it and an air duct, which connects the air source with a source of compressed air.

During operation, the bulk material is continuously fed into the loading window, filling the vertical part of the body and flowing into the chamber at an angle of repose. Under the action of overpressure through the compressed air duct, the aerated material is entrained in the discharge pipe and further transported a certain distance to the destination. In this case, it is assumed that the material column in the vertical part of the body excludes breakthrough of compressed air from the chamber into the loading window.

A disadvantage of the known pneumatic elevator is the need for constant monitoring and regulation of its mode of operation in order to maintain the necessary j column of materials in the vertical part of the body. Otherwise, if the material flow through the discharge pipe exceeds its flow through the loading window, an emergency breakthrough of compressed air from the chamber through the descending column of material is inevitable. This leads to insufficient reliability of the well-known pneumatic elevator.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by automatically controlling the level of material in the loading tube. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for pneumatic feeding of bulk material is equipped with a level sensor of bulk material in the loading tube and a damper actuator associated with said sensor, while the bottom of the mixing chamber in the zone where the loading tube is located in it is inclined towards the outlet nozzle, and the aero bottom is installed adjacent to the lower edge of the inclined section of the chamber bottom.

The drawing shows a device for pneumatic supply of bulk material, a longitudinal section.

The device for pneumatic feeding of bulk material includes a mixing chamber 1, a loading pipe 2, an outlet nozzle 3, a damper 4, a drive of the damper 5, an air bottom 6, a level sensor for bulk material 7, a vibrator 8, air ducts 9 and 10, an electromagnetic valve 11. The bottom of the mixing chamber 1 has an inclined section 12 under the lower end 13 of the loading tube 2, and the air floor 6 is adjacent to the lower edge of the inclined section 12 of the bottom

mixing chamber 1. The piston actuator piston 5 interacts with the spring 14. In the upper part of the loading tube 2, a shutter 15 is installed, a loose level sensor

material 7 is in communication with the solenoid valve 11.

A device for the pneumatic supply of bulk material works as follows.

0 When the shutter 15 is opened, the transported material is loaded into the loading pipe 2 of the device. After the required height of the material column in the loading tube 2 is reached, the level sensor 7 is triggered, and a signal is sent to the solenoid valve 11, which turns on the air supply to the valve 5 actuator (in this case, the pneumatic cylinder). At the same time, the piston rod is retracted, lifting the slide 4, and the spring 14 is compressed. The material under its own weight moves from the loading pipe 3 through the lower end 13 to the inclined section 12 of the bottom of the mixing chamber 1 and is located at an angle to the natural slope on the airfield 6. Under the action of compressed air entering the ducts 9 and 10, the material is aerated and fed to the outlet 3 and on to the destination.

0 When reducing the height of the column of material in the loading pipe 2 below the allowable as a result of the fact that its flow through the outlet nozzle 3 exceeds the flow through the shutter 15, the level sensor operates

5 7, and the solenoid valve 11 shuts off the air supply to the actuator of the valve 5, connecting the rod cavity of the pneumatic cylinder with the atmosphere. Under the action of the spring 14, the flap 4 is lowered, blocking the flow of ma0 entering the aerodrome 6. At the same time, the flow of material into the outlet nozzle 3 is reduced or completely stopped until the initial state of the material in the loading tube 3 is restored,

5 whereupon the signal of the level sensor 7 causes the solenoid valve 11 to turn on the compressed air supply to the actuator of the valve 5 to raise the valve 4. Thus, automatic control is provided

0 level of material in the loading tube 2, which excludes the possibility of emergency breakthrough of compressed air from the mixing chamber 1.

If it is necessary to completely unload the device from the material (for example, during repair work), the shutter 15 is closed and compressed air is supplied through ducts 9 and 10 to the mixing chamber 1 and the air bottom 6. During this operation, the level sensor 7 is turned off and the damper 4 is fixed in top position.

Claims (2)

The required height of the column of material during normal operation is established in accordance with the working pressure of air supplied to the mixing chamber 1. The installation of the vibrator 8 at the lower end of the loading tube 2 promotes a steady flow of material into the mixing chamber 1 without hanging in the loading tube 2. In addition, the presence of vibrations compresses the material column in the loading tube 2, which additionally prevents the compressed air from breaking out of the mixing chamber 1. Formula of the invention A device for pneumatically feeding bulk material containing a vertical loading tube, a mixing chamber with an outlet nozzle communicated with the lower end of the loading tube and with a source of compressed gas, a damper installed in the mixing chamber with the possibility of hermetic separation of the latter into two zones in which the loading tube and the outlet are respectively located, and the air bottom located in the zone of the outlet of the mixing chamber below, in order to increase reliability, it is equipped with a level sensor of bulk material in the loading tube and a damper actuator associated with said sensor, wherein the bottom of the mixing chamber in the zone where the loading tube is located therein s are tilted towards the outlet pipe, and the airfield is installed adjacent to the lower edge of the inclined section of the chamber bottom.