SU1739957A1 - Method for green forage ensilage - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in feed production. Essence: when siloing is green, the mass is irrigated with an aqueous solution of the following mineral salts at the rate of their consumption in grams per ton of feed: ferrous sulphate 5.25-7.10; ammonium vanadieric acid 0.244-0.324; potassium dichromate 0,236-0,315: cobalt nitrate 0.421-0.600; ammonium molybdate; 0.160 - 0.220; silver nitrate 0,049-0.065; magnesium sulfate 10.1-13.65; manganese sulphate 3.03-4.00; gallium nitrate 0,085-0,105; mouse covoid sodium 0,010-0,016; sodium selenite soda 0,0125-0,018; zinc sulfate 5.140- 6.450; indium nitrate 0.058-0.075; copper nitrate 1.29-1.75; potassium bromide 0,890-1,200; potassium iodide 0.223- 0.290; rubidium nitrate 0,116-0,150; tellurium sodium 0,0134-0,170; cesium nitrate 0.006-0.0084, as well as boiling salt and urea at the rate of 4 kg / t. 3 tab.

Description

WITH

with

The invention relates to fodder production, in particular, to the field of use of substances that preserve the nutritional value of fodder during ensiling.

In the process of laying and storage of green mass, significant loss of nutrients occurs, mainly due to the viability of aerobic and then anaerobic bacteria. At the same time, the pH value increases, the silage quality deteriorates, and its nutritional value decreases.

Special additives have been developed in canned food to preserve its quality and caloric content. Among them are known, for example, low molecular weight and high molecular weight organic acids, bacterial preservatives, etc.

Closest to the present invention is a method of siloing green fodder.

using as a preservative urea and minerals.

The disadvantages of these methods are significant nutrient losses during ensiling, as well as a reduction in product quality, although somewhat less than without their use.

The aim of the invention is to accelerate the silage process and increase the safety of nutrients.

This goal is achieved by introducing urea, sodium chloride and additional chemicals into the feedstock, with a mixture of the following components, g / t feed, as additional chemicals:

Iron sulfate 5.25-7,10

Vanadium sulphate.

ammonium0.0244-0.0324

VJ CX Yu

u s

vj

Potassium bichromate0,236-0,315

Cobalt nitrate 0,421-0,600 Ammonium Molybdenum Sulfate0,160-0,220

Silver nitrate 0,049-0,065 Magnesium sulphate 10.1-13.65 Manganese sulphate 3.03-4.00 Gallium nitrate 0.085-0.105 Mouse co-sour sodium0,010-0,016

Blended

sodium0,0125-0,018

Zinc sulfate5,140-6,450

Indium nitrate 0.058-0.075 Copper nitric acid 1.29-1.75

Potassium bromide0,890-1,200

Potassium iodide0,223-0,290

Rubidium nitrate 0,116-0,150 Tellurium

sodium0,0134-0,0170

Cesium nitrate 0,0062-0,0084 Voda490-510

The resulting mixture is introduced into the green feed by spraying it, and the urea and table salt are added alternately to each layer-packed feed in the amount of each component 3.9-4.1 kg / g, and the thickness of the layer is set to 0.5-0.8 m

The proposed method of siloing green fodder is to sequentially perform the following operations. Green mass is collected and ground, delivered to storage. Pre-micronutrient additive. To do this, water is poured into a container at the rate of 0.5 liters per ton of silage. Salts of microelements are successively dissolved in it until they are completely dissolved. When the silo is laid, layer-by-layer uniform irrigation (by spraying) with the green mass solution obtained is carried out. At the same time, table salt and urea are added.

The advantage of the proposed method of preserving green fodder is the increase (as compared with analogues) of the yield and quality of silage during silage.

The tests showed a greater positive effect of the feed produced by the proposed method, improved color, smell of silage, increased its yield by 10%, increased the content of organic acids, crude protein by 3%, digestible protein by 12%, fiber by 7%. ash elements, including biologically active trace elements.

Feeding silage harvested by the proposed method contributes

an increase in the average daily yield of 1.5 kg, a decrease in the cost of feed per 1 kg of milk of 4% fat content by 0.68 feed units and the cost of 1 kg of milk by 12.85 rubles. relative to the group of animals that were fed silage prepared by conventional technology.

Feeding the silage prepared according to the proposed method, the gobies on refining can raise the average daily gain by 284 g, reduce the cost of feed per 1 kg gain by 3.55 feed units and the cost price of 1 kg gain by 66.6 rubles. , and fattening calves to increase 5 daily gains by 144 g, reduce feed costs per 1 kg increase by 2.8 feed units and reduce the cost of 1 centner of production increase by 50.9 rubles.

EXAMPLE 1. For comparative testing of the influence of the proposed method of silage of feed and similar methods on the quality indicators of feed, the following operations are carried out successively. Take 5 kg of a crushed silage combine harvester of green mass of plants and it is irrigated by spraying with an aqueous solution containing element salts in the following quantities, g per ton of feed: Iron sulfate6.175

0 Vanachate

ammonium0.0285

Potassium dichromate0,275

Cobalt nitrate0,522

5 Molybdenum sour

ammonium 0.190

Silver nitrate0,057

Magnesium sulfate11,87

Manganese sulfate3,515

0 Gallium nitrate0.095

Mouse Sodium 0,0133

Selenite sulphate

sodium0,014

5 Zinc sulphate5,795

Indium Nitrate0.066

Copper nitrate 1,520

Potassium bromide1,045

Potassium iodide0,265

0 Rubidium nitrate0,133

Tellurium

sodium0.015

Cesium nitrate0,0074

Water500

5 and also urea and salt are added alternately in layers at a dose of 4 kg / ton,

To check the quality indicators of silage prepared in the standard way, 5 kg of crushed green mass of plants are taken in parallel and additionally urea and table salt are added in layers, kg / t: Urea. 4

Cooking salt 4

Then the feed is placed in glass containers of 1 liter capacity, carefully tamped and sealed, placed in wooden crates, closed with a lid and placed in a dark room, maintaining in it a temperature of 20-25 ° C.

15 days after laying the green mass in the silage, the vessels open and determine the silage yield, quality and overall nutritional value of the feed. The test results are given in table. 1 (in the prototype and optimum graphs, we mean the optimal content of a trace element feed additive).

From tab. 1 it follows that, according to the proposed method, the yield of silage is increased by 7.4%, the content of organic acids increases by 0.58 g%, feed units in dry matter are 0.04 more, the silage class improves to the first.

EXAMPLE 2: To determine the minimum dose of a microelement additive, experience is set up similarly to that described in Example 1, but the harvested green fodder is sprayed with an aqueous solution of the elements contained in it at the rate of the following feed additives, g / t:

Iron sulfate5,25

Vanadium sulphate

ammonium0.0244

Potassium bichromate0,236

Cobalt nitrate0,421

Ammonium molybdenum sulphide0,160

Silver nitrate0,049

Magnesium sulfate 10.1

Manganese sulfate3,03

Gallium nitrate 0.085

MUSCULAR EASY SODI0,010

Selenite sulphate

sodium0,0125

Zinc sulphate5,140

Indium nitrate0.058

Copper Nitrate 1.29

Potassium bromide0,890

Potassium iodide0,223

Rubidium nitrate0,116

Tellurium

sodium 0,0134

Cesium nitrate0.0062

Water490

Urea and table salt are also added alternately in layers in the same doses.

The test results are shown in Table. 1 (in the column minimum

From tab. 1 it follows that the silo prepared by this method has a quality- 5 indicators slightly lower than the silo produced by the method specified in Example 1. Thus, the yield of the silo is 74.4%, that; although it is higher than by using the standard silage method by 6%, but lower than the optimum by 4%, the content of feed units in the feed is 0.585, which is lower than using the optimum by 1.5%.

A further reduction in the dose of trace element supplementation leads to a further 15 decrease in the effectiveness of the proposed method for the silage of green fodder.

Froze In this example, the results of the experiment on the development of the maximum dose of the use of microelement additives during the ensiling according to the proposed method are given.

The experiment is laid out in the same way as in example 1, but the harvested green fodder is sprayed with an aqueous solution of salts of 5 mineral elements at the maximum dose, which is developed for reasons of its sufficiently high efficiency of the effect on the ensiling process, but not reaching the 0 permissible content. the specified elements in the following facilities, g / t:

Iron sulfate7,10

Vanadium sulphate

ammonium0.0324

5 Potassium dichromate0,315

Cobalt nitrate0,600

Molybdate

ammonium0,220

Silver Nitrate0.065

0Magnesium sulfate13.65

Manganese sulfate4.00

Gallium nitrate0,105

Koviislokate Mouse

sodium0,016

Selenite soda 5 sodium 0,018

Zinc sulphate6,450

Indium Nitrate0,075

Nitrogen Copper 1.75

Potassium bromide1.20

0 Potassium iodide0.29

Rubidium nitrate0 150

Tellurium

sodium 0,017

Cesium nitrate0.0084

5 Water510

and also urea and table salt are alternately applied in layers, kg / t:

Urea4,1

Cooking salt 4.1

The results are presented in Table. 1 (maximum in the column, with the prototype being laid according to the method described in Example 1). From tab. 1, it follows that although the silage method outlined in this example helps to improve the silage quality indicators relative to the standard silage method, they are somewhat lower than when using the optimal composition. Thus, the yield of silage is lower by 2.7%, and the content of feed units is below optimum by 3%.

From the above examples, it follows that the proposed method of silage of green fodder allows to increase the yield of silage and improve the quality of feed.

Example 4. In a production environment, 2,858 tons of cereal legumes were silked in accordance with the proposed method.

As a control, the siloing of 1144 tons of cereal and legume herbs was carried out according to the generally accepted technology, when Kazakhsil, urea, and common salt were added to the feed when laying.

In tab. 2 shows the results of determining the quality indicators and the mineral composition of the obtained feed.

From the above results table. 2 it can be seen that during ensiling of grass, according to the claimed method, the quality of feed increases by 1 class, silage yield increases by 6.5%, dry matter loss is reduced by 5.3%, the feed is enriched with minerals as compared to canning herbs. method, it is especially important that increased the content of vital biologically active trace elements - manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, iodine, cobalt, selenium, etc.

In tab. 3 shows the comparative results of feeding silage prepared according to the claimed method.

Feeding silage prepared according to the proposed method, the cows of the experimental group leads to an increase in the average daily yield of 1.51 kg or 34%, a reduction in the cost of feed per 1 kg of milk 4% fat content by 0.68 feed, units and cost reduction. 1 kg of milk for 12.85 rubles. Feeding silage to dwellers of the experimental group on dorzhschivanii leads to an increase in the average daily gain of 284 g, reducing the cost of feed per 1 kg increase of 3.55 feed. units and reducing the cost of 1 centner increase by 66.61 rubles, and for the gobies of the experimental group for fattening, respectively, 144 g, 2.8 fodder, units, 50.92 rubles. compared to

feeding silage prepared according to traditional technology.

When feeding silage prepared according to the claimed method, the animals were fed the animals completely, the motor activity of both cows and steers increased.

Claims (1)

Are given in table. 2 and 3, the data are confirmed by a test report. 0 claims A method of siloing green fodder, involving the introduction of urea, table salt and additional chemicals into the feedstock, in order to accelerate the process of silage and increase the safety of nutrients, as an additional chemical, a mixture of the following components, g / t feed: Ferrous sulphate 5.25-7.10 Vanadate ammonium0.0244-0.0324 Dichromate 5 potassium0,236-0,315 Cobalt nitrate 0,421-0.600 Ammonium molybdate sulphate0,160-0,220 Nitrate 0 silver0.049-0.065 Sulphate magnesium10,1-13,65 Sulphate manganese 3.03-4.00 5 Nitrate gallium0,085-0,105 Mouse mouse sodium0,010-0,016 Blended 0 sodium 0,0125-0.018 Sulphate zinc5,140-6,450 Nitrate indium 0.058-0.075 5 Nitrate copper 1.29-1.75 Methyl potassium0,890-1,200 Iodide 0 potassium0.223-0,290 Nitrate rubidium 0.116-0.150 Tellurium sodium0,0134-0.0170 5 Nitrate cesium 0.062-0.0084 Water490-510, the resulting mixture is introduced into the green feed by spraying it, and the urea and table salt are introduced alternately into each laid-down feed in the amount of each of the components 3.9-4.1 kg / ton, and table 2 The effect of standard and proposed silage methods on the quality indicators and the mineral composition of the feed Indicators Silo outlet Dry matter % Loss of dry thing Colour Smell Amount of acid From the total number milk,% Acetic,% Silage Class Contains per kg of crude protein, grams of digestible protein fat, grams of fiber, grams of ash, grams of calcium, g of phosphorus, grams of potassium, grams of chlorine, grams of manganese, mg of iron, mg of copper, mg of zinc, mg of bromine, mg of rubidi, mg strontium, mg of lead, mg of molybdenum, mg the thickness of the layer set the size of 0.5 0.8 m. Table 1 Prototype 69.3 29.57 7.97 wind brown Rye bread 0.23 43 56 3 111.2 73.4 18,8 367 50.9 4.0 2.5 10.7 4.9 63.3 140 13.9 16.9 7.76 22.3 15.4 1.25 1.08 The proposed method 75.7 29.05 2.67 . Dark Green Fruit 1.31 52 48 2 114.2 85.7 19.2 374.1 68.0 7,8 3.0 9.60 12.5 189.5 311 25.2 39.3 29.7 39.1 67.8 0.76 1.98 Comparative results of feeding silage prepared according to the claimed method Continued table. 2 Table 3