SU1739290A1 - Cylinder-type densimeter - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: road construction area, assessment of the degree of compaction of the earth bed mounds. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A balloon densitometer for soils comprising a cylindrical body and a vessel located therein, a drill and a piston with a rod. The vessel is made with a cylindrical hollow glass inside. The hollow glass is provided with a stopper with a hole and a tube. The lower end of the tube is fixed in the hole of the tube. The upper end of the tube is set at the level of the beginning of the divisions at the throat of the vessel. The piston is made detachable. 1 il. S

Description

The invention relates to the field of road construction and can be used to assess the degree of compaction of the embankment of the earth bed, in particular, erected on coarse grades;

A device is known for determining the density of soils, based on the лfj well method.

To determine the density of the soil using this device, it is necessary to have a scale at the measurement site, which makes it difficult to determine the quality of compaction, especially in field conditions.

The closest to the invention by its technical nature is a densitometer comprising a cylindrical body with a hydrostatic weighing container placed in it, with a cylindrical hollow glass inside, a piston with a rod, and an elastic cylinder with working fluid attached to the cylindrical box. start 2. 2

In the known densitometer, the moisture content Q of the soil remains unknown, which makes it impossible to draw a final conclusion on the degree of compaction of the coarse-grained soil with a significant content of fine clay-clay in it.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality due to J ensuring the weighing of the soil sample without water access and in the aquatic environment.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a known densitometer a hollow cup is provided with a stopper with a hole and tube, the lower end of which is fixed in the hole of the stopper, and the upper one is installed at the level of the beginning of the vessel divisions, while the piston rod is detachable.

The drawing shows the densitometer, a general view.

The cylinder densitometer contains a cylindrical body 1 with a lid 2 and a base 3. The vessel contains a vessel A with divisions applied on its neck, made with a cylindrical hollow cup 5 inside, an attachment 6, a rod 7 with a piston 8. An elastic cylinder is attached to the body 9.

screwing the plug 11 in the piston is transferred to the lower starting position of the water in the piston piston. Remove the rod, unscrewing the handle from the piston, and placing the vessel k with the sample of soil, dividing the vessel, that the vessel is free in the cylinder, the sample is weighed hydraulically, the controls applied to the neck or the sample weight is not sufficient for the vessel to sink into the water. use ring

The body and cylinder are filled with working fluid 6 of a certain mass.

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bone 10. In the piston there is a plug 11 for transferring water into the piston chamber. A hollow cup is open at the top and provided at the bottom with a stopper 12, through which tube 13 is passed, the upper end of which is set at the level of the beginning of the vessel divisions. The rod is hollow with a screw connector at the base of the piston and has an air valve 14 in the upper part. The base 3 of the cylindrical body rests on the surface of the soil through the plate-jig 15. The positions 16 and 17 show the soil sample and the fine-earth sample, respectively.

The device works as follows.

Pa the surface of the test layer of soil is placed on the plate-jig 15 and the cylindrical body 1 filled with working fluid 10, 35 Elastic cylinder 9 with open air valve I is placed on the soil surface under the action of a mass of water. On the vernier, having a lid on the lid 2, and the sliding scale of the rod 7 mark the initial position of the piston 8. The air valve is closed and the piston is lifted up. Then the device is removed from the plate and the soil is selected inside the conductor so that the walls of the hole are as pliable as possible. The removed soil sample is placed in the vessel k.

If there is a significant amount of silty earth in the test soil, the moisture content of which has a significant effect on the degree of compaction, a part of the fine earth and p in the volume of glass 5 are separated, placed in the center of the vessel, and by weighing the full sample and sample without Separately, the mass of the fine earth samples is determined. Then, the selected fine earths were diluted in 3/4 of a glass, its capacity until liquidation of lumps and distance of air bubbles that left the ground. A vessel with a glass, thus part of the soil diluted in this way, is placed in a cylinder. Cutting the tube 13 in the plug 12 is full of the remaining level alignment in the stack. The water in the wet fine earth mixes the medium and becomes nonexe 4, so the result allows you to determine the mass m of the phase (skeleton) of the soil or the bottom of the soil.

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Knowing the mass of the wet soil of the skeleton, its weight is determined.

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The device is again placed on the plate-jig. The air valve is opened and the elastic balloon is lowered into the well. The piston is pressed down and the reading of its position is measured when measuring in the well. The difference in counting multiplied by the area of the piston is equal to the volume of the well.

Then, without removing the device from the well, the cylinder cover is opened and the measured density of the studied soil is determined from the measured values of about 50 mass and humidity of the sample.

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After measurements, remove the vessel from the test, the rod with the piston, lift them into the air suspension and close the bypass valve with a stopper. Device r taking measurements on the other

screw the plug 11 into the piston. The piston is moved to the lower position, bypassing the water into the over-piston space. The rod is removed, unscrewed by the handle from the piston, and vessel k with the soil sample is placed in the cylinder. Making sure that the vessel floats freely in the cylinder, the sample is hydrostatically weighed using divisions deposited on the neck. If the weight of the sample is not sufficient for the vessel to be submerged in the water up to the neck, use ring loads of a certain weight.

loads 6 of a certain mass.

If there is a significant amount of silty-clay fine earth in the studied coarse-grained soil, the humidity of which has a significant effect on the degree of compaction, a part of the fine earth is separated from the sample and placed in the volume of the cup 5 located in the center of the vessel and by weighing the complete sample and samples without a separated part determine the mass of the selected fine earth. Then, the selected mass of fine earth was diluted in a glass filled to 3/4 of its capacity with water until the lumps were eliminated and air bubbles left the pores of the soil were removed. The vessel with a glass in which part of the soil sample is diluted in this way is placed in a cylinder. Water through the tube 13 in the stopper 12 of the glass fills the remaining space until the levels in the glass and the cylinder are level. The water in the sample of wet fine earth mixes with the aqueous medium and becomes weightless, thus, the result of weighing allows you to determine the mass of the solid phase (skeleton) of the soil or the mass of dry soil.

Knowing the mass of wet soil and its skeleton, its weight moisture is determined.

From the measured values of the volume, mass, and humidity of the sample, the density of the coarse-grained soil under study is determined.

After the measurements, the vessel is taken out and released from the test, the rod is connected to the piston, raised to the upper position and the overflow bore is closed with a stopper. The device is ready to measure in another place.

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Claims (1)

Claim Soil balloon densitometer containing a cylindrical body with an elastic cylinder attached to it with working fluid, a vessel with divisions applied on its neck, made with a cylindrical hollow glass inside, and a load placed in a cylindrical body, a piston with a rod, distinguishing with the fact that, in order to expand functionality by providing weighing of the soil sample 5 without access of water and in the aquatic environment, the hollow glass is equipped with a stopper with a hole and a tube, the lower end of which is fixed in the hole TIFA tube and the upper set at the start receptacle 10 divisions, and the piston rod is made detachable.