SU1738835A1 - Heat-and-mass-exchange tray for rectification columns - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the instrumentation of the process of producing ethyl alcohol by the method of rectification and can be used in the food, alcohol, chemical and other industries. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of ethanol purification from impurities due to the intensification of the mass transfer process. The heat and mass transfer plate includes a horizontal base with contact elements and an overflow pocket with a drain partition that is offset from one another in the vertical and horizontal planes vertical plates with visors, connected to each other by horizontal perforations; sliced pallets. In this case, the height of the plates increases in the direction of the liquid flow, and the width of the visors decreases from the center of the overflow pocket to its periphery. 4 yl. с Ј W С

Description

The invention relates to the field of instrumentation of the process of obtaining ethyl alcohol by the method of rectification and can be used in the food industry, alcohol, chemical and some other related industries. . . :; . . -, ..:

A heat and mass transfer plate with segmented type overflow devices is known.

The main disadvantages of this design should include its limited fluid throughput due to poor conditions of deaeration of the contacted liquid entering

in overflow; as well as the existence of transverse non-uniformity in the flow-through part of the plate connected with non-uniform feeding of its inlet section, which reduces the productivity of the column mass-jet equipment and adversely affects the separation efficiency.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed one is a heat and mass transfer plate, including a horizontal base with contact elements and an overflow pocket with a drain partition equipped with lobe type deaerators. .

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The presence of deaeration devices in the - overflow pocket provides a significant increase in the throughput of the contact stage of the liquid. In this case, a positive effect is achieved due to a discontinuity in the flow of fluid leaving the plate. As a result, removal of the vapor phase from overflow is facilitated. At the same time, the probability of steam breakthrough to the underlying contact level along the fluid path is reduced. At the same time, the existence of the reflection effect of the contacting liquid from the curvilinear surface of the wall of the column body to the center of the drain pocket leads to intensive feeding of the areas of the downstream plate directly adjacent to the longitudinal axis. These factors lead to the formation of a liquid bypass in areas characterized by an increased fluid load. At the same time, extensive stagnant zones are formed in the near-wall regions of the plate, practically not participating in the process of mass exchange. Thus, the separation capacity of the tray in some cases is low. A significant drawback to all bubble plates with a standard drain partition is also the presence of a full stir-1-vany zone, directly adjacent to the drain line and also markedly reducing the efficiency mass transfer.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of ethanol purification from impurities due to the intensification of the mass transfer process.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of ethanol purification from impurities due to the intensification of the process of mass transfer.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a heat and mass transfer plate for epuration columns containing a horizontal base with contact elements and an overflow pocket with

the septum, the septum is displaced

one relative to the other in the vertical and horizontal planes, vertical plates with visors interconnected by horizontal perforated pallets, the height of the plates increasing 8 the direction of flow of the liquid

five

five

ka, and the width of the visors decreases from the center of the overflow pocket to its periphery.

With this design, the hydrodynamic situation on this part of the tray changes, since in this case it is possible to significantly alleviate the conditions of the liquid phase runoff without the formation of vertical circulation loops that cause the occurrence of the continuous mixing zone. At the same time, the active drain of the liquid into the overflow pocket through the holes in the pallets minimizes the likelihood of steam leakage to the underlying contact level. At the same time, favorable conditions are added at the outlet of the tray to suppress the effect of reflection of the contacting liquid from the curvilinear surface of the wall of the column body, which is achieved by increasing the height of the plates in the direction of movement of the liquid stream. By reducing the width of the canopies from the center of the overflow pocket to its periphery, the inflow of fluid into the side sections of the overflow pocket is intensified due to the different degree of shielding of the perforation of the pallets.

FIG. 1 shows a heat and mass transfer plate, top view; in fig. 2 is the same longitudinal section in FIG. 3, node I in FIG. one; on, 5 FIG. 4 — node II in FIG. 2,

The plate includes a horizontal base 1 with contact elements

2 and an overflow pocket 3 with a drain partition, which are vertical plates 4 with canopies, which are mutually valuable relative to each other in the vertical and horizontal planes, 5 and interconnected by horizontal perforated trays b.

5 At the same time, the height of the plates k increases in the direction of movement of the liquid flow, and the width of the peaks 5 decreases from the center of the overflow pocket.

3k of its periphery.

0 Heat and mass transfer plate works as follows.

The distilled alcohol spirits, separated during the brewing of the mash, is condensed and sent as a water-alcohol condensate for cleaning into the epuration column, where it goes to the horizontal base 1 of the first plate along with the contact elements 2 and the weave one

0

will act with the effluent of the vapor phase. After passing through the working part of the tray, the two-phase mixture is discharged into the overflow pocket 3, subjected to deaeration upon collision with the overflow partition. In this part of the liquid flows from the plate through the hole in the horizontal pallets 6, separated from the vapor phase. Reducing the width of the visors 5 from the center of the overflow pocket 3 to its periphery ensures a rational redistribution of the liquid load along the length of the drain line, intensifying the influx of the contacted liquid into the side sections of the overflow pocket 3, thereby activating the transport of the liquid phase in the peripheral areas of the base 1 of the underlying contact stage, thus preventing the occurrence of bypass and recirculation flows, as well as stagnant zones. Increasing the height of the plates k in the direction of the liquid flow facilitates the flow of liquid due to the creation of a hydrodynamic cascade with a discharge of the liquid phase at several levels, which prevents the formation of a zone of complete mixing at the outlet of the tray.

rig. 2

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Similar phenomena occur on all plates of the epuration column, which ultimately will allow up to-4 beats to increase the efficiency of the process of mass exchange.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A heat and mass transfer plate for the ejection columns, containing a horizontal base with contact elements, receiving and overflow pockets with a drain partition, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of ethanol purification from impurities due to the intensification of the mass transfer process, the drain partition is an offset one relative to the other in the vertical and horizontal planes, vertical plates with visors interconnected by horizontal perforated pallets, with the height n The band increases in the direction of the liquid flow, and the width of the visors decreases from the center of the overflow pocket to its periphery. N FIG. t