SU1735752A1 - Installation for studying heat exchange level at steam falling upon surface being cooled - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: technical physics, the study of heat transfer processes in the condensation of vapors of liquids. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: hermetic housing with a working section in the form of a disk with a chamber, a coil and a capillary-porous coating. The disc is rotatably mounted, and the steam line is capable of reciprocating motion. Steam through the nozzle flows onto the disk, and the resulting condensate enters the capillary-porous coating, 5 sludge exchange upon jet leakage of steam to the cooled surface, including a hermetic housing, a working section in the form of a disk inside it, the steam pipe installed, which can be returned -accessible movement and fixation in a predetermined position, a replaceable nozzle placed at its end, a cooling water inlet and outlet line and a measuring device mounted on them. The disadvantages of the well-known test bench are the limited scope of the tasks and the low accuracy of the measurements due to the non-isothermality of the surface of the working section and the invariance of the vapor leakage angle on the disc. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurements and enhance the functionality by creating isothermal conditions at work 3. (L with J created

Description

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The section is connected to the cooling water inlet and outlet lines 11, on which a measuring device is installed (not shown in the figure) connected to the inlet 12 or outlet 13 nozzle, which is mounted on the sealed housing 1 o On the disk 6 from the side of the replaceable nozzle, chamber 14 is made the surface of which is placed a capillary-porous coating 15 (for example, from several layers of the mesh, tightly pressed against the surfaces). Inside the chamber 14 there is a coil 16 in the form of a flat helix, connected to the main lines 11 for supplying and discharging cooling water. The disk 6 is installed rotatably around two mutually perpendicular axes, 20 To do this, plates 17e are attached to the disk or camera and attached to one end of the axis 18 and 19. The other ends of the axes are located in the holes of the frame 20 °. The upper axis has a disk with a possibility of turning a flange, and its end projecting beyond that around two mutually perpendicular p-frame limits, provided with a thread and having a section and different angles of leakage — a pair on a disk.

The goal is achieved by the fact that a stand for studying heat transfer in the case of jet leakage of steam onto a cooled surface, including a hermetic case installed rotatably around a horizontal axis and having viewing windows, placed inside a working section in the form of a disk, mounted reciprocatingly relative to the latter and fixation of the steam line in a predetermined position, a replaceable nozzle placed at its end, a cooling water inlet and outlet line, and connected to them the measuring device is equipped with a camera mounted on a disk from the side opposite to the replaceable nozzle and a coil located inside the chamber connected to the cooling water inlet and outlet lines;

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axes whose plane coincides with the plane of the outer surface of the disk, and the point of intersection is on the geometric axis of the replaceable nozzle, the inner side of the disk and the chamber being made with a capillary-porous coating.

Fig. 1 shows a stand for the study of heat transfer during jet leakage of steam onto a cooled surface, a longitudinal section; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1; in FIG 3, oasis BB in FIG. 2; in Fig „4-node I in fig 2; on figs 5 view b in fig about 2 about

The stand for studying heat transfer during jet leakage of the container onto the cooled surface contains a hermetic case 1 with observation ports 2. Installed with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis 3 placed on a rack C and connected by means of a sleeve 5 to a hermetic case 1 disk 6 and mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the latter and fixing in a predetermined position by means of a screw 7, a steam pipe 8, which passes inside the screw 5 and is a housing for sealing 9 o. At the end of the steam line 8 there is a replaceable nozzle 10 "K working

There is a slot under the screwdriver. A nut 21 is installed on the thread. A hole is made in the axis, in which the arrow 22 of the angle indicator is fixed. In turn, the frame 20 is provided with axes 23 and 2k inserted into the apertures of the hermetic casing 1. To ensure the airtightness, the aperture for the axis 23 is closed with a lid, and to ensure the airtightness of the hole for the axis 24, a gasket (not shown) can be used, mounted between the axis and the wall of the hermetic housing 1 "The end of the axis 24, projecting outwards, also

has a nut thread 25, a screwdriver slot 26 and a hole for the arrow of the angle indicator. A sealed case has a scale 27 to indicate the angle of rotation. A similar scale is made on the frame 20, the intersection point of the geometrical axes 18-19 and is on the outer surface of the disk 6 and lies on the continuation of the geometric axis of the steam line 8

Inside the latter, in the part placed outside the sealed enclosure 1, a steam superheater 28 is installed, powered from the mains through a 29 ° resistor. The heating power is controlled with a power meter 30. The sealed enclosure 1 is also equipped with a condensate collector 31 placed in its lower part and having drain pipes

10), with this rotation, the position of the frontal carcass 0 relative to the nozzle remains unchanged. In addition, the stand due to rotation around axis 3 can be so oriented in space that the plane of the disk 6 will be inclined to the horizon at any desired angle. Then steam is supplied to the steam line 8 and from there to the replaceable nozzle 10. At the same time, the steam can be overheated using naw roperreater 28. The steam flows from the replaceable nozzle 10 and flows onto the disk 6 of the working section, where after condensation it flows into the condensate collector 31, from where the condensate can be removed through the drain pipes 32, the disk 6 from the opposite side is cooled by rhenium heat10

32 "The stand is equipped with a temperature measurement system using a thermocouple. Thermocouples 33 are used to measure the temperature in front of the nozzle apparatus and in the cavity of the sealed housing 1 and are placed on the rod 3 which can be moved in the vertical direction. Sealing 35 at the insertion point of the rod 3 is provided with a seal depth in the disk 6. At the same time, one of the pairs of thermocouples 36 is placed in the center of the disk 6 on the geometrical axis of the steam line 8, and the rest are placed along radii or in some other order, depending on most of the task. Thermocouples 36 are brought out of the cavities of chamber C and the hermetic case 1 through thermocouples (not shown). Thermocouples 37 and 20 of the capillary-porous coating of 38 are installed on nozzles 12 and 13 and 15. Heat carrier pairs 3 then serve to measure the differential The condensation temperatures on the coil 16 flow down from the cooling water, and thermocouple 39 goes down into it, where they come to the calillo-steam line 8. All thermocouples through a porous coating 6 with distribution through switch 0 are connected to the recorded 25 inner surface of the disk 6, Heat

from coil 16 is discharged by cooling water through nozzle 12. By changing the flow rate of cooling water, the saturation temperature of heat carrier 3 is controlled, which can be monitored using a thermocouple (not shown). Local heat fluxes are measured using thermocouples 36, which are located in disk 6 at different depths and record the temperature difference at 35 two points. From here, knowing the thickness distance and thermal conductivity of its material, one can calculate the heat flux. Thermocouples 37 and 38 serve mainly for control, as 40 as they can be used to obtain the total amount of heat flux removed from the 6l disk. Steam consumption can be determined by the amount of condensate collected in the condensate collector 45 31 and monitored by the total heat flux , Using thermocouples, measure the temperature of the steam in front of the replacement nozzle 10 ,. In addition, the stand can be equipped with receptacles for fully unscrewing the nut 25. Steam velocity rises can be used to change the rotation and static pressure. After running, the electric motors that will call up the measurement cycle with one distance to run partial disassembly in front of the nozzle section and the position of the disk 6 experiment, since the engines can be rotated inside the hermetic 55 along the horizon. or shells 1. Since all the geometry to the nozzle is cut, after which the cue axes, around which measurements are made, are repeated, turn, intersect at one point. The advantage of the proposed stand is with the axis of the steam line 8 (and - before the known technical decision device 1 and the cold junction of thermocouples, placed in the vessel C2 with ice,

The coolant 3 is filled into the cavity of chamber 1 so that after distributing it over the thickness of the capillary-porous coating 15 there remains a small volume of coolant 39 which ensures guaranteed wetting of the entire volume of the capillary-porous structure during all modes of operation (elements for filling the coolant are not shown ),

The stand works as follows.

Before start-up, the nozzle 10 is installed by displacing the steam line 8 at a required distance from the disk 6, which then, when the upper manhole is removed, is rotated around the vertical axis by the right angle. For this, the nut 21 is first unscrewed, and after the disc is installed, it is tightened. Rotate around the horizontal axis after

thirty

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10), with this rotation, the position of the frontal carcass 0 relative to the nozzle remains unchanged. In addition, the stand due to rotation around axis 3 can be so oriented in space that the plane of the disk 6 will be inclined to the horizon at any desired angle. Then steam is supplied to the steam line 8 and from there to the replaceable nozzle 10. At the same time, the steam can be overheated using naw roperreater 28. The steam flows from the replaceable nozzle 10 and flows onto the disk 6 of the working section, where after condensation it flows into the condensate collector 31, from where the condensate can be removed through the drain pipes 32, the disk 6 from the opposite side is cooled by rhenium heat10

| g 20 mesh from a capillary-porous coating- 15. 15. The heat carrier 3, after condensation on the coil 16, flows down from it, where it comes to the copper-porous coating 6 with a distribution of 25 of the inner surface of the disk 6, Heat

35 40 45 50 55 м п

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The reason is that the presence of a camera with a coil and a capillary-porous coating on the disk, as well as the ability to rotate the disk, provide an increase in the measurement accuracy and expand the functional capabilities of the stand.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 17357528 removal of cooling water, and a measuring device connected to them, characterized in that, in order to increase measurement accuracy and enhance functionality by creating isothermal conditions at the working section and different steam angles to the disk, the stand is equipped with a camera mounted on a disk with side 10 Stand for the study of heat transfer in the case of jet leakage of steam onto a cooled surface, including a sealed case installed rotatably around a horizontal axis and having observation windows, is a working section in the form of a disk mounted therein that is capable of reciprocating relative to the latter and fixing in a given the position of the steam line, located at the end of the replacement nozzle, the supply line 71 ////////// // // // U / /// V // W // V / V /// FIG. I removal of cooling water, and a measuring device connected to them, characterized in that, in order to increase measurement accuracy and enhance functionality by creating isothermal conditions at the working section and different steam angles to the disk, the stand is equipped with a camera mounted on a disk with side five 0 replaceable nozzle; and a coil located inside the chamber, connected to the cooling water inlet and outlet lines, the disk being mounted rotatably around two mutually perpendicular axes whose plane coincides with the plane of the outer surface of the disk and the intersection point is located on the geometric axis of the replaceable nozzle , the inner side of the disk and the chamber are made with a capillary-porous coating, 34  35 20 FIG. 3 FIG. four Yid B .25 FIG. five