SU1735351A1 - Detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the soap industry and can be used for the production of solid detergents based on water-insoluble active additives. Essence: detergent consists of the following components, wt.%: 90% montmorillonite 41-44; Surfactant 21-23; vegetable oil 11-12, additives 12.4-14.5, water the rest, and it can contain 0.5-0.6% of odorants and 0.2-1.0 wt.% dye.

Description

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The invention relates to household chemicals, and can be used for the production of solid detergents based on water-insoluble active additives.

It is known lumpy soap 1, which contains sodium do-Cie-alkyl sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, particles of water-insoluble substances with the properties of active additives (calcium carbonate, bentonite and / or talc): water and Syu-Cc-fatty acid, which in an amount sufficient to eliminate the tendency of such a detergent to crack, crack or crack when used. Alkapolamide of higher fatty acid and higher fatty alcohol may also be included.

The disadvantage of this soap bar is increased acidity, which has a harmful effect on human skin, as well as the need to use phosphorus compounds that have a harmful effect on human skin and on the ecological situation of the environment.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed is detergent composition 2, containing, wt.%: Non-cationic surfactant 5-20; inorganic salts (active additive) 5-30; boron compounds 1-8; mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids of d-Cs range or their water-soluble salts 0.5-8.0; an effective amount of the enzyme and a system that stabilizes it is 1% of the mass of detergent; swelling bentonite 5-20% by weight of the detergent composition and water.

The disadvantages of the detergent are relatively low detergent and foaming ability (detergent action - 75%, foam number - 750, foam stability - 0.68), susceptibility of the mass to cracking, and in addition, the content of additives worsens the ecological state of the environment.

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The aim of the invention is to increase the detergency and foaming ability, as well as the elimination of the tendency to crack.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the detergent containing surfactant, additives, plasticizer and water, vegetable oil is introduced as a plasticizer, and 90% montmorillonite is added as a filler with the following content, in wt.%:

90% montmorillonite 41-44 surfactant, for example, lauryl pyridinium sulfate21-23

Vegetable oil11-12

Supplements12,4-14,5

WaterEverything

and also contains a perfume and a dye in the amount of 0.5-0.6 and 0.2-1.0 wt.%, respectively.

The introduction of the detergent as a plasticizer for vegetable oil, and as a filler - 90% montmorillonite, provides an increase in detergency and foaming ability, and also eliminates the tendency of soap to cracking.

With the introduction of vegetable oil in the detergent composition, in addition to its plasticizing effect, a synergistic effect of the detergent action of the proposed composition appears. The emergence of a synergistic effect can be explained by the fact that during evaporation of a suspension of montmorillonite (MTM), into which all the components of the detergent have been previously introduced, there is an interaction between MTM and vegetable oil with saponification of the latter. The fatty acids released during this process play the role of both a detergent base and substances that prevent cracking or another type of mechanical destruction when using detergent.

With the introduction of the MTM detergent composition, a synergistic effect of the detergent composition appears due to the semi-functional effect of montmorillonite in the detergent composition, because:

when interacting with vegetable oil in an alkaline medium (pH 7: 6 - 8.0), montmorillonite catalyzes the saponification of vegetable oils, thereby contributing to the improvement of mechanical properties and detergency;

montmorillonite is a good cation-exchanger, therefore the introduction of detergent into its composition allows

to exclude from it active additives that worsen the ecological state of the environment;

montmorillonite is an effective bleach that eliminates chemical bleaches such as perborates from the detergent composition, which also contributes to the deterioration of the ecological environment;

montmorillonite has a certain washing foaming ability when it is shifted from the surfactant due to the synergistic effect, its washing and foaming capacity increases sharply.

The novelty of the proposed detergent is confirmed by the presence of distinctive features in comparison with the prototype. When conducting a search on the sources of patent and scientific and technical documentation, we did not identify technical solutions that would contain signs identical or equivalent to the distinctive features of the proposed solution in the properties giving the object,

similar to the properties of the proposed detergent, where it can be concluded that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of significant differences.

The method of preparing the detergent consists of the following operations: preparing a suspension of 90% montmorillonite; preparation of maslomontmorillonite mixture (mixture I); preparing a mixture of surfactants with stearin, glycerin, perfume, and dye (mixture II); mixing mixture I and mixture II.

Preparation of a suspension of 90% montmorillonite.

I ma.ch. montmorillonite mixed with 15-20 wt.h. water, incubated for 8-10 days and get a suspension of montmorillonite, containing in the solid phase at least 90% of montmorillonite.

Preparation of an oil-montmorillonite mixture (mixture I).

The resulting suspension of 90% montmorillonite is placed in a mixer, heated to 60-65 ° C, and with constant stirring the calculated amount of vegetable oil and additives, sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate are added. The mixture is heated until its moisture content is 30-35%. Preparation of a mixture of surfactants with additives - stearin, glycerin, as well as perfume and dye.

In a homogenizer reactor at 60-65 ° C

preparing a surfactant mixture, such as lauryl pyridinium sulfate, with a calculated amount of stearin, glycerin, fragrance and dye with thorough mixing.

Mixing mixture I and mixture II.

Mixture II is added to mixture I containing 30–35% of moisture, gradually, with constant stirring, and evaporated to a moisture content of 3.5–5.0%, after which the hot mass is fed to a vacuum screw press. for molding soap.

Optimal options for the manufacture of detergent.

The example corresponds to example 2 of table 1.

861 g of montmorillonite suspension, containing 41 g of montmorillonite, are heated to 60 ° C, with constant stirring, 0.01 g of sodium hydroxide, 0.4 g of sodium bicarbonate and 11.0 g of sunflower oil are introduced into it. After adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to 35% by weight, a mixture containing 21 g of surfactant, eg, lauryl pyridinium sulfate, 4 g of stearin, 8.0 g of glycerin, 0.9 g of dye Rhodamine is introduced with constant stirring. C (according to TBU-14-1088-74), 0.5 g of citrus oil and continue to mix until the moisture content of 3.5%.

The resulting mass is molded in a hot condition and its performance is checked; detergency, foam number, foam stability and cracking tendency. The data obtained are presented in Table. 2

PRI me R 2 corresponds to example 3 table. one.

893 g of montmorillonite suspension containing 42.5 montmorillonite is heated to 65 ° C and with constant stirring 0.015 g of sodium hydroxide, 0.45 sodium bicarbonate, 11.5 sunflower oil are added to it. After adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to 35% by weight, 22 g of a surfactant mixture, eg, oleinmethyltauridyl, 45 stearin, 8.5 g of glycerin are introduced with constant stirring; 0.95 g of dye is acid yellow according to TU-6-14-488, 0.55 g of eugenol oil and continue to mix until the moisture content is 4.0%. The resulting mass is molded in a hot condition, and then its performance is determined. The data presented in Table. 2

PRI me R 3 corresponds to example 4 of table. one.

924 g of montmorillonite suspension containing 44 g of montmorillonite is heated to 65 ° C and 0.02 g of sodium hydroxide, 0.5 g of sodium bicarbonate and 12.0 g of sunflower oil are added with constant stirring. After adjusting the moisture content to 35% by weight .% is entered at

by constant stirring a mixture containing 23 g of surfactant, laurylpyridinium sulfate, 5.0 g of stearin, 9.0 g of glycerin, 1.0 g of dye Rhodamine C according to TU 6-14-1088-74 and

0.6 g of citrus oil and continue to mix until the moisture content of 5.0%. The resulting mass is molded in a hot condition, and then its performance is determined. The data presented in Table. 2

Examples of detergent compositions are presented in table. 1, and in table. 2 - indicators of the quality of these compounds.

As can be seen from the table. The best quality indicators were characterized by compositions containing components in the following wt.%:

90% montmorillonite 41-44 surfactant, for example, lauryl pyridinium sulfate21-23

Vegetable oil11-12

Supplements12,4-14,5

WaterEverything

as well as the dye 0,2-1,0 and perfume 0.5-0.6.

When a 90% montmorillonite is added to the detergent composition to less than 41% by weight, the soap becomes too soft, its washing and foaming capacity decreases, and

more than 44 wt.% soap acquires the ability to crack.

The introduction of surfactant less than 21 wt.% Affects the washing ability of soap, and with the introduction of more than 23 wt.% Surfactant consumption is excessive,

which is undesirable.

With the introduction of vegetable oil less than 11.0 wt.% Deteriorating detergency and foaming ability, and with the introduction of more than 12 wt.% Excessive consumption

scarce material.

The addition of stearin to a composition of less than 4.0 wt.% Makes it unnecessarily soft, and with the introduction of more than 5.0 wt.%, The consumption of components is excessive, which is undesirable.

With an increase in the glycerol content of not more than 9.0 wt.%, It becomes very soft and inconvenient to use, and with a decrease of less than 8.0 wt.%, The soap cracks.

The addition of sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate is carried out to create a weakly alkaline environment. The amount of these substances in the detergent composition is necessary and sufficient to achieve

goals

The addition of 0.5–0.6 wt.% Of the perfume and 0.2–1.0 wt.% Of the dye to the detergent composition gives a pleasant smell and color. Increasing them is undesirable, because color and smell

it becomes sharp and the decrease causes a decrease in color intensity and odor.

The use of the proposed detergent allows:

increase washing and foaming ability;

eliminate the tendency to cracking;

increase the range of detergents;

improve the ecological state of the environment.

Claims (3)

1. Detergent containing surfactants, additives, plasticizer and water, different 1.90% montmorillonite 39 2.PAV, laurilliridinium sulfate23 3. Plant oil 10 5.0 0.02 , 7.0 0.5 0, b 0.95 else The fact that, in order to increase detergency and reduce cracking during storage, it contains vegetable oil as a plasticizer, and a filler - 90% montmorillonite in the following ratio, wt.%: 90% montmorillonite 41-44 Surface-active substances21-23 Vegetable oil11-12 Supplements12,4-14,5 WaterEverything 2. Detergent pop. 1, that is, in a manner that the dye is in an amount of 0.5-0.6 and 0.2-1.0 wt.%, Respectively. Table I 41 42.5 44 41 42.5 ,9 -2122 11,5121111,5 4,5b.O4,04,5 0,0150,020,010,015 And, 59.0, O8.5 0.4b0, b0,40,4) 0,50,55 0.9b1.0 23 12 5.0 0.02 9.0 0.5 0.6 Washing action 70.0 79.0 80.0 79.0 79.0 7У.О 8 (1.0 79.0 79.0 80.079.075.0 Foam number 460 480 490 480 480 480 490 480 480 490480450 Resistance to flax 0.8 0.8 - 0.85 0.83 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.85 0.83 0.8 0.850.830.78 Trends to USTRAST cracking №1 TSU TSU UCT РЗ UCT UCT UCT UCT - IM - too mkhok The MOUTH is resistant to repeated wetting and drying of the RE - it breaks down when wetted and dried RT - cracks when wetted and dried M - soft. T a (5 l and c and 2 UCT UCT UCT UCT