SU1728592A2 - Boiler control technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is applicable to control the operation of liquid slag boilers. The purpose of the invention is to improve the control accuracy by obtaining separate information about the modes of intensive slag yield and the appearance of porous floating slag. By rotating the water, the slag is divided into smelted and porous, and the luminous flux from the peripheral section of the water mirror of the granulator-transporter is additionally measured. located outside of the projection of the taphole, 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to systems for the control and management of power boilers, predominantly with liquid slag removal, and can also be used in other areas of the technology using installations with evacuation of the melt.

There is a known method of controlling the operation of the boiler, in which the control of slagging is carried out by measuring the luminous flux in the slag mine in the direction of the water mirror of a gran torus - tpancnopTepa. A disadvantage of the method is the difficulty of distinguishing the mode of intensive slag yield and the mode of the start of accumulation of floating slag. In either mode, the luminous flux increases.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of control.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of controlling the operation of the boiler, which consists in measuring the luminous flux of the water mirror of the pellet conveyor,

In addition, in the granulator transporter, a rotational motion of water is created and the luminous flux from the peripheral portion of the water mirror located outside the notch projection is measured.

FIG. Figures 1 and 2 show the slag removal process line and the boiler operation monitoring system.

The slag removal technological path contains a firebox 1 with a hearth 2, connected through a notch 3 to a slag shaft 4. Lastly, in the lower part it is limited by a water mirror 5 of the pellet conveyor 6. At least one supply nozzle 7 is installed on the walls of the slag mine 4 water, the axis of which is inclined to the water 5, and in the horizontal plane is offset relative to the center of the slag mine 4. Above the water supply nozzle 7 on the walls of the slag mine 4 are made at two different levels at least one flap. Hatch (hatches) 8, located on the Yu 00 JV Yu N)

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This level is oriented to the water mirror section 9, which is the projection of the notch 3, in a particular case - to the center of the water mirror 5 in the slag pit 4. The lower hatch (flap) 10 is oriented to the water mirror section 11. Located outside the perimeter projection of the notch 3. The control system contains luminous flux measurement sensors 1.2 placed in the hatches 9, 10. 13, for example photodiodes or photoresistors. The sensor 12 is connected via a signal converter 14 to the secondary device 15 and comparison units 16. 17. The controllers 18, 19 are also connected to the latter. Outputs from comparison units 16.17 are displayed on indicators 20, 21, made for example in the form of a light panel. The sensor 13 through the signal converter 22 is connected to the comparison unit 23, to which the setpoint 24 is also connected. The output from the comparison unit 23 is displayed on the indicator 25.

The control according to the method is carried out as follows.

The slag formed in the furnace 1. Blow 2 through tap-hole 3 flows into slag mine 4. In l; - ke 3, the slag cools down somewhat and, with insufficient fluidity, closes the cross-section of the tap hole, hardens in it in the form of incrustations. Under satisfactory conditions, the slag is detached from the tap hole and feeds the pellet transponder 6 into the pellet through the slag mine 4. Through the nozzle 7 into the pellet, the torus conveyor 6 is supplied with water under pressure and due to the displacement of the nozzle axis 7 relative to the center of the slag shaft in the granulator rotational (vortex) movement of water, the Slag of the melted structure reaches the water surface 5 in section 9 sinks, and light porous slag, the so-called floating slag, accumulates on the surface of the water and due to the centrifugal forces of the rotational movement of water It moves to the periphery of the water mirror 5 to the section 11 located outside the perimeter projection of the notch 3. Due to the emission of falling heated slag formations, pieces of floating slag, the emission of the flame from the furnace 1 through the notch 3, the reflection of light by the surfaces of the slag mine 4 and the water mirror, 5 The slag mine creates a luminous flux. The light flux from the water mirror 5 is measured in the direction of its central section 9 and additionally from the peripheral section 11 of the water mirror located outside the perimeter projection of the notch 3. Measurements are made through the hatches 8 and 10 using photo sensors 12 and 13. In the absence of floating slag the luminous flux from the peripheral section 11 has a low intensity and is determined by the total illumination in the slag mine 4, and the luminous flux in the direction from the central section 9 of the water mirror 5 changes its value

over wide limits depending on the amount of slag falling into the water and its luminosity. The change in the luminous flux, which characterizes the change in the slag outflow mode, is controlled by the secondary device, and when the slag is low or low, and also when the slag output is unacceptably intensive, additional signals are generated. In an exemplary system, this is done

using the signal converter 14, the comparison units 16, 17 with the setting units 18, 19 of the lower and upper levels, indicators 20, 21, the secondary device 15. When floating slag appears and its centrifugal forces move to the peripheral

Section 11 of the luminous flux from the water mirror of this zone increases significantly. When the luminous flux exceeds a predetermined value, another additional signal is formed. In the driven system of the converter converter 22, the signal using the comparison unit 23 is compared with the value set by the setting device 24. When it is exceeded, a signal is generated to the indicator 25. The given values of the light fluxes

with which the current measured values are compared, are determined predominantly by experiment. Their next choice is possible: the lower limit of the control of the slag flow regime (setpoint 18)

corresponds to the measured luminous flux at the transition from the slow flow of slag and the formation of wall accretions in the entrance door; the upper limit of the control mode of the slag flow (setpoint 18) corresponds to intensive vaporization in the pellet torus - conveyor 6; The boundary of occurrence of floating slag (unit 24) corresponds to the luminous flux at the appearance of one or several pieces of floating slag in the peripheral section, or the luminous flux exceeds the maximum luminous flux in the mode without floating slag.

Claims (1)

Formula of gain The method of controlling the operation of the boiler auth. St. No. 1560917, which is based on the fact that, in order to increase the control accuracy, a rotary motion of water is created in the granulator-transporter and the light flux from the peripheral portion of the water mirror located outside the notch projection is additionally measured.