SU1724988A1 - Safety device of gauge pressure pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: automatic shutdown, emergency area of the TP. The essence of the invention: a tank that absorbs the energy of a water hammer is communicated through a spring-loaded valve with a bypass channel. Pressure transducers, electrically connected to signaling devices installed outside the TP, are installed at equidistant sites of the TP. Each of the sensors contains a nominal electromagnet with a rod, a spring-loaded numerator valve with a protrusion, a license plate of the TP section and a button for simultaneous activation of the device creating pressure in the TP. One terminal of the electromagnet winding is electrically connected through the contacts of the sensor to one pole of the current source, the second terminal is connected through the winding of the rod control electromagnet. The contacts of this electromagnet and the contacts of the current source switch are electrically connected to the second pole of the current source. The two-stage piston is equipped with brake electromagnets, which regulate its speed. 10 il. cl

Description

The invention relates to pipeline transport and can be used to automatically shut off an emergency section of a pipeline.

A safety device is known, comprising a housing with a cylindrical cavity and a bypass channel connecting the inlet and outlet channels, while in the cylindrical cavity a piston with a groove, fixed by a locking device, is displaced and blocked by the bypass channel.

However, the known device is not sufficiently high reliability of operation.

Closest to the invention is a safety device comprising a housing with a cylinder in the form of two

coaxial stages and a bypass channel, a stepped piston facing the output channel in a smaller step, and the locking device is a rod controlled by an electromagnet and connected to an electromagnet core and a pressure sensor embedded in the power supply circuit. into the output channel, with a step made at the end of the rod for interacting with the outer end of a large piston stage.

A disadvantage of the known device is that after the piston closes the output channel, it is impossible to immediately determine the emergency section and it is necessary to inspect the entire pipeline, and during this time, the loss of the resulting product increases. In addition, in the known device

four

YU

fc

iOO 00

no hydraulic shock reducing device. All of this reduces the reliability of the pipeline.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the operational reliability by reducing the impact of a water hammer.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a reservoir that absorbs the energy of a hydraulic shock, communicated through a spring-loaded valve with a bypass channel, and pressure sensors are installed at equal distance sections of the pipeline, which are electrically connected with signaling devices installed outside the pipeline (on the control panel) of which contains a nominal electromagnet with a rod, a spring-loaded numerator valve with a protrusion, a license plate of the pipeline section and a simultaneous activation button A sound signal and a switch-off relay for a device that generates pressure in the pipeline, one terminal of the winding number of the trigger electromagnet is electrically connected through the contacts of the pressure sensor to one pole of the current source, and the second end of the winding of the terminal electromagnet is connected through the winding of the stem control electromagnet and the switch contacts the current source is electrically connected to the second pole of the current source, and the two-stage piston is equipped with brake electromagnets regulating the speed e go moving.

If there is no crack in the pipeline when the agent is pumped, then its overpressure acting on the plungers of the pressure sensors, breaking the force of the sensor spring, opens their contacts. The current does not enter the winding of the electromagnet for controlling the rod, which reliably holds the two-stage piston in the initial position (Fig. 9). The agent from the input channel through the bypass channel flows into the output channel, i.e. the pipeline is working normally.

In the event of a pipeline failure, for example, a crack appeared in it at some section, the pressure in the closest to this section pressure sensor decreases, contacts are closed under the action of the spring, including two circuits in the current source: through the winding of the electromagnet controlling the piston rod in the initial position, and the second circuit - through the winding of the nominal electromagnet.

The current passed through the first circuit causes a movement of the core of the electromagnet controlling the rod, which

releases the two-stage piston, allowing it to move to the left in FIG. 2 from the difference in forces acting on both of its bottoms. 10 and tightly close the output channel, stopping the movement of the agent from the input channel through the bypass channel to the output channel. The movement of the agent through the pipeline is stopped. The speed of movement of the two-stage piston is controlled by braking electromagnets, thereby reducing the impact of water hammer.

The current received in the second circuit, in one of the detectors, causes a numerical electromagnet, which

5 is electrically connected to a pressure sensor in which the contacts are closed. A numbered electromagnet releases a spring-loaded numbered choke, and it opens the number of the pipeline section, where

0 there was a crack. An open flap with its protrusion interacts with a button that simultaneously turns on an audible signal and a device shutdown relay, which creates pressure in the pipeline.

5In case of hydraulic

The impact agent rushes from the bypass channel through a spring-loaded valve to the reservoir, which can be communicated through the valve with the suction device.

0 FIG. 1 shows the layout of the elements of the device; in fig. 2 — node I in FIG. one; in fig. 3-node II in FIG. one; in fig. 4-node III in FIG. one; in fig. 5-node IV in FIG. one; in fig. 6 is a view A of FIG. five; in fig. 7 - knot

5 V in FIG. one; in fig. 8a, b is a diagram of the position of the rod in the initial position and the assembly, when its ledge interacts with the outer end of a large piston stage, which is in an emergency position; in fig. 9 0 device, with the initial position of the two-stage piston; in fig. 10 - the same, the moment of moving the two-stage piston to the emergency position under the action of forces (shown by arrows), acting

5 on a two-stage piston.

The safety device of the pipeline with excess pressure is arranged as follows.

In the housing 1 is made cylinder 2 in the form

0 two coaxial steps. A two-stage floating piston 3 with sealing rings 4 and a groove 5 is installed in the cylinder. Parallel to cylinder 2, a bypass channel 6 is made, which connects the water channel 7 to the lower stage of the cylinder 2, which is connected to the outlet channel 8, and the latter is connected to the pipeline.

The piston 3 is kept from moving by the end of the rod 9. With the opposite

The sides of this end of the rod 9 are made of the shoulder 10. In the housing 1, the rod 9 is sealed with an epiploon 11, closed with a corrugated cuff 12.

The electromagnet 13 controls the rod 9 through a two-arm lever 14 supported on the post 15. The spring 16 returns the lever 14 and the rod 9 to its original position.

The electromagnet 13 is closed by a casing 17.

On the core of the electromagnet 13 an insulating plate is fixed with contact 18, which interacts with contact 19 mounted on an insulating pole.

When the electromagnet 13 is triggered, its core interacts with the push-button switch 20. It turns on or off the brake electromagnets 21. At the end of the core of one electromagnet 21 an insulating plate 22 is fixed, opening the contacts 23 and 24 when the piston 3 moves to the emergency position. A guide rod passes through the opening of the plate 22.

A brake electromagnet 21, both lower and upper, is connected to the power supply circuit through the rheostat 25. The cores of the brake electromagnets 21 are interconnected with the piston 3 and sealed in the openings of the cylinder 2 by the glands 26, which are closed by corrugated cuffs 27.

Pressure sensors are installed at the equidistant sections of the pipeline and each of them is covered by a casing 28.

The pressure sensor comprises a housing 29, in the cylindrical cavity of which the plunger 30 is mounted for movement.

A hole is made inside the shank of the housing 29, and on the outer part there is a thread for screwing the shank of the housing 29 into a spacer welded to the pipeline in the place where the hole is made.

A flexible diaphragm 31 is installed above the plunger 30, which interacts with the rod 32, on which the spring 33 rests. The second end of this spring 33 abuts the cap nut 34, screwed onto the glass, the flange of which is fixed to the body 29 by bolts passing through the flange eyes (not shown ). Between the flange of the glass and the housing 29 clamped diaphragm 31.

The cap nut 34 has a guide bushing, through which the rod 32 passes, on which the insulating plate is fixed with contact 35. The latter interacts with contact 36 mounted on the insulating pole. Pin 36

electrically connected with current source 37. Contact 35 electrically connected with one terminal of the winding of the number electromagnet 38 and one terminal of the winding

electromagnet 13.

A dispatcher is installed on the control panel at the dispatcher for each sensor, respectively. Each signaling device has a stock of electrostatic magnet

0 38, which holds the spring-loaded number rotary valve 39, which closes the license plate of the pipeline section. The valve 39 is equipped with a protrusion 40, which (when opening the valve 39) interacts with the button 41, which simultaneously includes an audible signal and a relay, which includes a device that creates pressure in the pipeline.

The switch of the current source closed by the casing 42 has the same details as the pressure sensor. It is installed near cylinder 2. The positions of the parts of the pressure sensor and the current source switch are the same. Current source switch

5 has on the insulating plate a contact 43 fixed to it, electrically connected to the contact 18 of the electromagnet 13, and on the insulating rack a contact 44 is fixed, electrically connected to the source

0 37 current. The spring 33 of the current source switch is more rigid than the spring 33 of the pressure sensor, therefore, the closure of the contacts 43 and 44 occurs when the contacts 35 and 36 of the pressure sensor open.

5 Parallel to the contacts of all devices included capacitors (not shown), which do not allow sparking contacts.

The electromagnet 13 can be manually included in the circuit of the current source 37, for this purpose

0 control panel of the dispatcher has two switches 45 and 46.

Moving the slider 47 of the rheostat 25, you can adjust the amount of current flowing into the windings of the brake electromagnets

5 21.

To discharge the pipeline from water hammer, the bypass channel 6 is connected through valve 48 to reservoir 49, and the latter can communicate with valve through valve

0 suction device. With reservoir 49, the cavity of glands 11 and 26 and the space formed between the steps of the two-stage piston 5 are connected by means of thin drainage tubes d.

5 The safety device of the pipeline with excess pressure works as follows.

When the pipeline is filled with the agent, the pressure in it gradually increases, while the contacts 35 and 36 of the pressure sensors are closed, the contacts 18 and 19 of the electromagnet 13 are also closed, and the contacts 43 and 44 of the current source switch are open. The current in the windings of the electromagnets 13, 21 and 38 will not flow. The rod 9 reliably holds the floating two-stage piston 3 in the initial position (Fig. 9). The agent from the underwater channel 7 through the bypass channel 6 enters the bypass channel 8 and further along the pipeline.

Let us take the concept of a so-called emergency pressure, i.e., such a pressure at which pressure in a filled, already working pipeline decreases due to the leakage of an agent through a crack, so that open contacts 35 and 36 of a pressure sensor located near the crack under the action of a spring closes. This pressure is determined by a series of experiments.

When such an emergency pressure is reached in the pipeline while the agent is filling the pipeline, the position of all the contacts remains the same as previously described. The piston 3 is in the initial position. The agent moves through the pipeline without obstruction.

When the pipeline is filled with the agent and the pressure in it is slightly greater than the emergency contacts 35 and 36 of the pressure sensors from the pressure of the agent to the plunger 30 open, and the contacts 43 and 44 of the current source switch also close from the pressure on its plunger 30, Contacts 18 and 19 of the electromagnet 13 are also closed . The current in the windings of the electromagnets 13, 21 and 38 will not flow, since the contacts 35 and 36 of the pressure sensors are open.

When the normal pressure in the pipeline is reached, the position of the contacts remains unchanged and the current in the windings of electromagnets 13, 21 and 38 will not flow. The piston 3 is in the initial position (Fig. 9). The agent from the underwater channel 7 through the bypass channel 6 enters the bypass channel 8 and further into the pipeline.

If, during normal pumping of an agent, a crack is formed in any part of the pipeline, as a result of which the pressure drops to an emergency one, then the pressure sensor located near the fracture will reduce the pressure on the plunger 30 and, under the action of the spring 33, contacts 35 and 36 of this pressure sensor close. The current from the current source 37 comes in two circuits. The first circuit is the current source 37, through the closed contacts 36 and 35 of the sensor to one terminal of the electromagnet winding 13, then passed through the winding to its second output, from where through the closed

contacts 19 and 18 of electromagnet 13 and contacts 43 and 44 of the current source switch to current source 37. Second circuit: current source 37, through closed contacts 36 and 37 to one terminal of the winding of the number electromagnet 38 and through its winding to the second terminal of the electromagnet 38, then to one terminal of the electromagnet 13 and through its winding to the second output of electromagnet 13, then through the closed contacts 19 and 18 of electromagnet 13 and closed contacts 43 and 44 of the switch of the current source to the current source 37.

When current passes through the winding of the electromagnet 13, its core moves and the lever 14 moves the rod 9 so that it releases the floating two-stage piston 3, which is from the sum of the forces shown in FIG. 10 acting on the agent

0, both of its bottoms, is moved to close the bypass channel 6 and prohibit the agent from flowing from the underwater channel 7 to the bypass channel 8, i.e. it cuts off the emergency section of the pipeline from the discharge

5 devices.

The moving core of the electromagnet 13 acts on the push-button switch 20 of the brake electromagnets 21 and the current in their windings proceeds in the following way: power supply 37, through closed contacts 23 and 24 to one output of the electromagnet winding 21, through its winding to its second output, through the switch 20 to the slide 47 and re5, the balance 25 to the source 37 current.

The current entering the windings of the electromagnets 21, a magnetic field delays the movement of their cores, thereby reducing the speed of movement of the piston 3.

0 This reduces the impact of water hammer. But if the latter occurs, then the valve 48 opens, adjusted to a certain agent pressure, and through the open valve 48

5, the agent rushes into the reservoir 49, from which, with the valve open on the tube connecting the reservoir 49 to the pump suction cavity, the agent from the reservoir 49 is drawn into the pipeline.

0 When the piston 3 is moved to the leftmost position (in Fig. 10, the piston 3 did not reach this position by about 1 cm), the insulating plate 22 interacts with the contacts 23 and 24 and opens them,

5 with the result that the current stops moving along the windings of the electromagnets 21.

The current supplied to the numerator electromagnet 38 moves its core and its stem releases the nominal valve 39. The latter is rotated by the action of springs, opening the license plate of the damaged section of the pipeline. Then the valve 39 with the protrusion 40 acts on the button 41, which simultaneously turns on the sound signal and the relay, switching off the device, which creates pressure in the pipeline. The dispatcher takes appropriate measures to disconnect the injection devices along the entire line.

After the piston 3 has reached the extreme left position, its sealing ring 4 tightly closes the channel 8, stopping the flow of the agent into the damaged section of the pipeline.

Under the action of the spring 16, the rod 9 moves and its ledge 10 abuts against the outer end of the large piston stage 3 (Fig. 86), the contacts 18 and 19 will remain open. The current in the windings of electromagnets 13, 21 and 38 will not flow even if the contacts 35 and 36 of any pressure sensor and the contacts 43 and 44 of the current source switch are closed.

After the elimination of the malfunction that occurred during the accident, return the piston 3 to its original position. To do this, on the control panel of the dispatcher, two switches 45 and 46 are simultaneously turned on, and then two switches 50 and 51. When the switches 45 and 46 are turned on, the current passes through the winding of the electromagnet 13 and causes its core to move, as a result of which the lever 14 moves the rod 9 away from the piston 3 .

When you turn on the second two switches 50 and 51 move the cores of the electromagnets 21, and with them the piston 3 to its original position. Then turn off the above switches.

The rod 9, lowering, enters the beveled end of the groove 5 of the piston 3, and at this time the contacts of the push-button switch 20 are opened.

Then the dispatcher closes the number valve 39 and the agent can be pumped through the pipeline.

By installing a safety device on the pipeline with excess pressure, it is possible to significantly shorten the time to search for a crack in the event of a pipeline accident and at the same time to reduce the loss of the transported agent.

The presence of a device that regulates the speed of movement of the two-stage piston, cutting off the emergency section

Claims (1)

the pipeline from the injection device, and the ability to bypass the agent from the injection cavity through a spring-loaded valve into the tank reduces the possibility of pipeline destruction from water hammer. Claims of Invention A safety device with an overpressure inside the pipeline, comprising a housing with a cylindrical cavity in the form of two coaxial stages and a bypass channel connecting the underwater and branch channels, and placed in the cylindrical cavity with the possibility displacement and overlap of the bypass channel a two-stage piston with a sealing ring and a groove interacting with a rod controlled by an electromagnet, the supply circuits of which have contacts controlled by a rod and a pressure sensor embedded in the bypass channel, with a step at the end of the rod with an outer end of a larger piston stage, which is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase operational reliability by reducing the impact of a water hammer, it is equipped with a reservoir that absorbs water hammer energy communicated through a spring-loaded valve with a bypass channel, with equidistant pipe sections installed pressure sensors electrically connected with signaling devices installed outside the pipeline, each of which contains a nominal electromagnet with a rod, a spring-loaded numbered gate with a protrusion, a license plate of the pipeline section and a button simultaneous activation of a sound signal and a switch-off relay of a device that creates pressure in a pipeline, with one terminal of a number-grating electromagnet nit is electrically connected through the contacts a pressure sensor with one pole of the current source, and a second terminal of the winding of the nominal electromagnet through the winding of the rod control electromagnet, the contacts of this electromagnet and the contacts the current source switch is electrically connected to the second pole of the current source, and the two-stage piston is equipped with brake electromagnets that regulate its speed. f $ Sss I k S 886 KLl FIG. eight