SU1724385A1 - Depth pneumohydraulic vibrator - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: in various industries of the industry for deep compaction of concrete mix, sandy soil, etc. The essence of the invention: the piston vibration exciter 1 is installed in the housing 2 with the formation of hydraulic and pneumatic cavities (P) 3 and 4. P 4 is connected with a pneumatic actuator. P 6 of the elastic shell 5 is connected with P 3. A massive tip 7 is fixed to the free end of the shell 5. The other end of the shell 5 is fixed on the housing 2. The vibration exciter 1 is spring-loaded relative to P 3. The pneumatic actuator is in the form of a pneumatic turbine with a piston through a mechanism for converting rotational motion into translational. 3 hp ff, 6 ill. cl

Description

The invention relates to a vibration technique, in particular, to deep vibrators, and can be used in various fields of industry for the deep vibratory compaction of a granular medium (concrete mix, sandy soil, etc.).

Known deep vibrating compactors, including a cylindrical body, vibration exciter, electric drive.

Their disadvantages are low durability and reliability due to the wear of rotating parts and motor overloads, the need to use alternating current of low voltage (36 V) and high frequency (up to 200 Hz).

Centrifugal unbalance exciters with pneumatic actuators for compacting concrete mixture, including a cylindrical body, are known. The case of such vibrators is rigid and makes a plane-parallel movement.

The presence of unbalanced rotating masses leads to increased wear and reduces durability.

Closest to the present invention is a vibrator for compacting concrete mixes, including a piston vibration exciter mounted in a housing with the formation of a hydraulic and pneumatic cavity and an elastic shell, the cavity of which is associated with the hydraulic cavity. The elastic shell is clad with a part of the body.

The disadvantages of this known device are narrow gaps along the generators of a rigid hollow body; they concentrate considerable stresses in a pulsating liquid medium, which reduces the durability of the rubber casing; small amplitude vibrations of the vibrator due to the presence of the support element (rigid body).

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the vibration effect on the processed medium by generating spatial oscillations of increased amplitude, increasing durability and reliability ..

This goal is achieved by the fact that a deep pneumatic-hydraulic vibrator, including a piston-vibration exciter installed in a housing with the formation of a hydraulic and pneumatic associated with a pneumatic actuator, cavities and an elastic shell, the cavity of which is connected to the hydraulic cavity, has an elastic shell equipped with a massive tip, mounted on its free end with the other end fixed on the body, while the piston-vibration exciter is spring-loaded from the side of the hydraulic cavity.

The pneumatic actuator of the vibrator can be made in the form of

pnevmopolost pnevmoturbiny. related

with a piston through a conversion mechanism

rotational movement in translational.

The vibrator actuator can be

made in the form of a device including

0 pneumatic main and pipeline section, the inlet and outlet of which are permanently connected to the pneumatic main and the central part to the atmosphere through the differential valve installed in it.

5 The vibratory piston exciter can be made stepped, with a large step located in the pneumatic cavity, and a smaller one in the hydraulic cavity.

0 FIG. 1 to 3 are diagrams of possible embodiments of a deep pneumatic-hydraulic vibrator; 4 shows one of the possible embodiments of the compressed gas pulsator of the pneumatic actuator; figure 5 - drive with pneumatic turbine. version; figure 6- scan the curved surface of the friction pair of pneumatic turbines. The deep pneumohydraulic vibrator includes a piston vibration exciter 1 installed in the housing 2 with the formation of a hydraulic 3 and pneumatic 4 (associated with a pneumatic actuator) cavities: an elastic sheath 5, the cavity of which

5 is connected to the hydraulic cavity 3. The elastic shell 5 is provided with a massive tip 7 fixed to its free end and fixed to the other end on the body 2. Piston-vibration exciter 1

0 is spring-loaded from the side of the hydraulic cavity 3 by a spring 8.

The pneumatic actuator can be made (figure 2) and the form located inside the pneumatic cavity 4 of the housing 2 of the pneumatic turbine 9,

5 connected to the piston 10 through a rotational-to-translational mechanism 11.

The piston vibration exciter can be made stepwise (FIG. 3), with dis.

0 by the position of a higher stage 12 in the pneumatic cavity 4, and a smaller stage 13 - in the hydraulic cavity 6.

The pneumatic actuator can be made (figure 4) in the form of a device that includes

Air line 14 and the pipeline section, inlet 15 and outlet 16 of which are permanently connected to air line 14. And the central part 17 to the atmosphere through the differential valve 18 installed in it.

The turbine 9 (FIG. 2) can be mounted (FIG. 5) of the housing 2 on the shaft 19, on which the fingers 20 are fixed, forming a friction pair with a piston 10 along a curved surface, the sweep of which is shown in FIG.

. The piston 10 has a fixation against rotation around its axis (not shown).

The stroke of the piston 10 is determined by calculation for a given amplitude of oscillations of the plastic sheath 5.

The pneumatic actuator can be made on the basis of a crane pneumostatically balanced distributor or valve spool and cork type, as well as on the basis of other devices. It is possible to perform 4 pneumatic cavities with the piston opening in the upper dead center, which is located in the lower dead center.

Deep pneumo-vibrator vibrator works as follows.

The compressed gas (Fig. 1) is pulsed (for example, by means of a crane pneumatically-statically balanced distributor or by means of the device shown in Fig. 4, etc.) into the pneumatic cavity 4, the piston-vibration exciter 1 is moved, compressing the spring 8 and increasing the pressure in hydravole 6, which changes shape - expands in the radial direction, with the tip drawn upwards. When the gas is released from the pneumatic cavity 4 by the elastic forces of the spring 8 and the elastic sheath 5 (through the liquid), the piston 1 returns to its original position; wherein the elastic shell 1 takes on its original shape, and the tip 7 moves down. Then the cycle repeats - the system performs spatial oscillations.

In the embodiment (Figures 2 and 5), the compressed gas is supplied to the pneumatic cavity 4, rotates the pneumatic turbine 9 and is vented to the atmosphere through openings (not shown). The rotational movement of the turbine 9 is transformed into the reciprocating movement of the piston K), which through the fluid generates spatial oscillations of the system: elastic shell 5 - tip 7.

In the embodiment (FIG. 3), the compressed gas is pulsed into the pneumatic cavity 4, while the stepped piston reciprocates and generates spatial oscillations of the system through the elastic sheath 5 - tip 7.

A deep pneumo-hydraulics vibrator (Figs. 1-3) informs the concrete to be compacted (or another granular medium) vibrations in the radial direction from

elastic sheath 5 and in the axial direction - From the tip 7.

The stepped piston allows to increase the pressure in the hydraulic cavity 6 with respect to the gas pressure in the pneumatic cavity 4 (Fig. 3):

p P Si. PF-Prgj ..

where PF is the pressure of the fluid in the hydro-cavity 6;

Pr - gas pressure in pneumatic cavity 4;

Si is the end face of the piston stage 12:

$ 2 - the area of the end of the stage 13 piston.

All this allows to intensify the vibration effect on the processed medium, to increase the amplitude of the vibration effect.

With respect to centrifugal electric and pneumatic vibrators for deep compaction of mixtures, the proposed device is more durable and reliable (there is no unbalanced unbalanced rotating masses, there is no plane-parallel movement of the body and the inconvenience of operation associated with it). The elastic sheath of the proposed vibrator compared to the rigid case of known devices allows reducing the level of vibrations transmitted to the operating personnel (manual immersion vibrators) or supporting structures (when using packages of mounted vibrators).

Claims (3)

1. Deep pneumo-hydraulic vibrator, including a piston-vibration exciter installed in the housing with the formation of a hydraulic and pneumatic pneumatic actuator, cavities, and an elastic shell, the cavity of which is associated with a hydraulic cavity, which is different in that with the aim of intensifying the vibration effect on the treated cavity medium by generating spatial oscillations of increased amplitude, increasing durability and reliability, the elastic shell is provided with a massive tip, fixed on its free end, and fixed at the other end on the body, and the piston-vibration exciter is spring-loaded from the side of the hydraulic cavity. 2. The vibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic actuator is made in the form of a pneumatic turbine casing located inside the pneumatic cavity connected to the piston through a rotation conversion mechanism. movement in translation. 3. The vibrator according to claim 1, of which is that the pneumatic actuator is made in the form of a device including a pneumatic main and a pipeline section, the input and output of which are permanently connected to the pneumatic main, and the central part to the atmosphere through a differential valve installed in it. 4, Vibrator according to claims 1 and 2, about tl and h a yu sh and so. that the piston vibration exciter is made stepwise, with a large degree located in the pneumatic cavity, and a smaller - in the hydraulic cavity. te.2 Fig.Z & u T / Y / fr Dc / oMvdgng PAEomieneni Ґ Editor S.Patrusheva Tehred M. Morgenthal Order 1135 Circulation. Subscription VNYIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk emb. 4/5 Rig.6 Proofreader S.Shevkun