SU1724152A1 - Device for removal of exostoses from mackerel fish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fishing industry and can be used both on coastal enterprises and on 7 J617A-A vessels of a fishing fleet. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of removal of bone growths in fish of a wide size and species range and to prevent injury to the skin of fish. In the device, the limiting rollers 7 are kinematically connected to the conveying rollers 4 and mounted with displaceability, the diameter of the limiting rollers 7 exceeding the diameter of the milling cutters 6 and each pressure plate located along the movement of the fish behind the corresponding milling cutter 6 is provided with a torsion spring to deflect it into depending on the size of the fish and the element to interact with the pressure plate, located directly above the cutter 6.4 Il. . -.: ..,. -. .--:. fe

Description

The invention relates to the fishing industry, in particular to devices for removing bone growths located on the sides of the tail part of the fish, and can be used both on coastal enterprises and on fishing vessels.

Machines for removing bone growths in fish are known. in which bone growths are removed by means of cutters, and the body transporting the fish is in the form of a series of consecutive rollers mounted on parallel shafts. However, all known machines have a number of significant drawbacks, one of which is the lack of reliable and constant movement of fish along the transporting organ, and more specifically in the area of the cutter, which leads to jamming of the fish.

The second significant design flaw is that regardless of the type and size of the fish batch being processed, the cutters have a constant width of the working cutting edge. It is known that the family of scad animals includes over 30 genera, which differ significantly in body shape. Some species have a body strongly compressed from the sides (for example, horse mackerel), others have a body that is almost round in cross section (for example, desiccated mackerel). At the same time, the size of the mackerel varies in a fairly wide size range from 180 to 390 mm. In the treated batch, the fish differ little in body shape, and their sizes are in a rather limited size range. Therefore, when processing a certain batch of fish, adjustment of the cutting edge width of the cutters is necessary.

A further significant disadvantage of the Known Machines, which adversely affects the quality of cleaning, is the lack of a differentiated force to press plates of different parts of the fish body, depending on their thickness at the moment of contact of the fish with the cutter.

The known fish cleaning device consists of pairwise arranged grooved rollers for transporting fish and two cutters for removing bone growths. In order to prevent injury to the fish, each cutter is provided with side curved rollers freely mounted on its shaft, which limit the cutting of the cutter into the fish body. However, in this device, the figured rollers perform only a restrictive function, which is to exclude the incision of the cutter into the subordinate (thickened) part of the fish body and do not provide a transporting effect on the fish at the moment of its contact with the cutter, since the rollers are freely mounted on the axis of rotation of the cutter . The device is not pre-. It was also possible to adjust the working width of the cutting edge of the cutter, which does not allow processing of horsetails of a wide size range and various types, while ensuring high quality of cleaning and excluding the possibility of injury to the skin of fish.

In known machines for the removal of co. post growths transporting body

made in a video recorder and sequentially arranged rollers. The cutters are provided with restrictive elements located on both sides of it and rotating at the speed of the cutter. The possibility of adjusting the working width of the cutting edge of the cutter depending on the type and size of the batch of fish being processed is also not constructively provided.

The task of reliable movement of fish in the zone of the cutter is also not solved. The presence of up to 5 sufficiently large distances between the transporting rollers located before and after the cutter, as well as the absence of the necessary transporting effect in the area of the cutter on the head part

0 fish. Creates prerequisites for sticking fish in this very place.

The cutter has an impact on the fish, passing transportation only through the passage through it of a narrower (at 5 tail) part of the fish. Since the cutter is equipped with restrictive elements from the ends, when passing through it to the head (thickened) part of the fish, it will not come into contact with the cutter, so it is necessary to ensure reliable movement of the head part of the fish. However, smooth limiting elements rotating with the cutter frequency do not have a sufficient transport effect on the fish. A fish congestion is formed in the area of the cutter, leading to a forced stop of the machine.

When, in the known devices, the outer surface of the limiting rollers is rough to ensure their better contact with the fish (i.e., with an increased coefficient of friction) due to the high frequency of rotation of these rollers, equal to the frequency of rotation of the cutter, they

5 will severely damage the skin of the fish and its muscle tissue.

Known machines have pressure plates located above the transporting body and affecting the fish to be treated with a certain

effort. Moreover, the greater the thickness of the fish, the more forcefully by the pressure plates it presses against the transporting organ and the cutters. The conditions for quality cleaning of fish require the opposite. When passing through the cutter of the head (thickened) part of the fish, the force should be minimal to avoid the possibility of pressing the fish body between the limiting rollers and eliminate the contact of the fish with the cutter, while pressing the tail part to the cutter should be greater for reliable removal of bone. growths.

The lack of controlled force on different parts of the fish body on the side of the pressure plates is another negative factor that reduces the quality of fish cleaning.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of removal of bone growths in fish of a wide size and species range and to prevent injury to the skin of fish.

The goal is achieved by limiting rollers kinematically associated with transporting rollers and mounted with the possibility of axial displacement, with the diameter of the restricting rollers greater than the diameter of the cutters and each pressure plate located along the movement of the fish behind the corresponding cutter, provided with a torsion spring to deviate it depending on the size of the fish and the element for interacting with the clamping plate placed directly above the cutter. The presence of a kinematic connection of restrictive and transporting rollers makes it possible to ensure reliable transportation of fish in the area of the cutter; Such a constructive solution eliminates one of the most significant drawbacks of the known machines, where the Lack of reliable movement of fish in the cutter zone leads to frequent fish jams in this part of the transporting organ. The possibility of axial displacement of the limiting rollers makes it possible to adjust the working width of the cutting edge of the cutter depending on the size and type of the processed batch of fish. Thus, it is possible in one device to qualitatively remove bone growths in fish of a wide size and species range, while at the same time ensuring high quality of cleaning.

The outer diameter of the limiting rollers exceeds the outer diameter of the cutter, which ensures the centering of bone growths relative to the working area of the cutter, as well as an exhibition of the treated body surface of the fish relative to the cutting edge of the cutter by an amount equal to the height of the bone growth.

All this allows to qualitatively remove bone growths without injuring the skin of the fish.

Equipping the pressure plates located along the movement of the fish behind the corresponding cutters, torsion springs and elements for interacting with the pressure plates located directly above the cutters allows adjusting the force effect of the plates on different parts of the fish body depending on the thickness of the latter at the moment of their contact with the cutter . Usually the pressure plates exert a pressure to press the larger, the greater the thickness of the body of the fish. In the proposed device, at the time of its passage over the cutter, there is a minimal downforce on the prilar part of the fish. In this case, the element serving to interact with the plates does not prevent the lifting of the plate. a plate that is located along the movement of the fish behind the cutter; when passing under it, the head (thickened) part of the fish, but exerts additional pressure on the plate, which is placed directly above the cutter, under which is the tail of the fish. This additional pressure exceeds the pressure normally created by pressing the tail plates to the cutter 3-5 times, which ensures reliable removal of bone growths from it. Thus, the presence of feedback between the plates located behind the cutter and in the area of the cutter makes it possible to provide sufficient pressing force to transport the fish and to provide the necessary force to press its tail in the area of the cutter for reliable removal of bone growths.

Fig; T depicts a schematic of a device for removing bone growths from a horse mackerel; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 and 4 - plates at the moment of passing fish under them.

The device comprises a frame, on two guides 1 of which, one distance from. another at some distance, bearings 2 are mounted for mounting shafts 3, transporting rollers 4 and shafts 5 with cutters 6 and limiting rollers 7 in them. Bearings 2 are housed in housings 8, and housings 8 of bearings 2 in which shafts 5 are mounted with cutters 6, have protruding

a part made in the form of a hollow axis 9 for the passage through it of the corresponding shaft

5. All shafts 3 and 5 are located between guides 1 across the movement of the fish. The shafts 3 of the transporting rollers 4 receive a rotation from the chain transmission 10 through the sprockets 11.

The shafts 5 with the mills b receive rotation from the V-belt transmission 12 through the pulleys 13 and also have the same rotation frequency, much higher than the rotation frequency of the shafts 3 with the transport rollers 4.

The direction of rotation of all shafts 3 and 5 coincides with the direction of movement of the fish. Each of the transporting rollers 4 consists of a block of successive gears 14 and cylindrical elements 15 fixedly mounted on the shaft 3. The number of elements 15 on the shaft 3 and, accordingly, the cutters 6 depends on the number of fish streams entering the treatment. The outer surface of the elements 15 has a high coefficient of friction.

The milling cutters 6 are mounted on the shafts 5 rotatably with the shafts 5, wherein the position of the milling cutter 6 on the shaft 5 corresponds to the position of the element 15 of the previous and subsequent shafts 3. The limit rollers 7 are mounted on the shaft 5 and are located on both sides of the milling cutter

6. The outer diameter of the limiting rollers 7 exceeds the outer diameter of the cutter b. The limiting rollers 7 are mounted on the hubs of the gears 16 and fixed by means of a keyway (splined) joint 17, which provides the transmission of torque from the gear 16 to the limiting roller 7 and allows the limiting roller 7 to move along the hub gear 16.

By moving the limiting rollers 7 along the gears 16 followed by fixing, for example, a locking screw, the working width of the milling cutter 6 can be adjusted. The gears 16 extreme on the shaft 5 are mounted on the hollow axles 9 of the housings 8 of the bearings 2 rotatably relative to them. The gears 16 of the shafts 5 are kinematically connected with the gears 14 of the transporting rollers 4 by means of parasitic gears 18 mounted on an individual axis, and have the same peripheral speed equal to the peripheral speed of the transporting rollers 4. A number of pressure plates 19 are mounted above the transporting body the direction of movement of the fish. One end of the plate 19 is mounted on the axis x 20 with the possibility of rotation relative to the latter in the direction of movement of the fish.

Each clamping plate 19 is located along the movement of the fish for

the corresponding milling cutter 6 is provided with a torsion spring 21 with the element 22 mounted on the axis 20 rotatably with the plate 19. The end of the element 22 is directed toward the plate 19,

located directly above the milling cutter 6, and made with the possibility of interaction with this plate at the time of its plate displacement by the fish passing under it.

The device works as follows.

The fish, either manually or with the help of a loading device, are fed, headfirst in a position on its side, onto the transporting

rollers 4, which move it to the cutter 6. The fish is pressed from above by plates 19. Approaching cutter 6, the head portion of the fish is caught by the restriction rollers 7 and extends over the mill 6 at the speed of the transport roller 4. At the same time, the head portion rests on the restriction rollers 7 and does not come into contact with the cutter 6. The pressure plates 19 located in the zone of the cutter 6 freely pass the head part of the fish (Fig. 3), exerting on the head part of the fish the force needed only to provide a straight line fish in the direction of its movement. Moving further, the head part is under the pressure plates 19 located directly behind the cutter b, and the tail part of the fish comes into contact with the cutter 6. The plates 19,

located behind the cutter 6 is deflected by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the sub-fish, while its element 22 presses the plate 19 located directly above the cutter 6, thanks to

Why this plate 19 presses the fish tail to the cutter 6 with great effort, ensuring reliable contact (Fig. 4) of the bugs with the cutter 6.

Ф о рм ул а and з о б р r ete n and

A device for removing bone growths from a horse mackerel, containing successively located driving conveyor rollers and cutters with coaxially mounted restrictive rollers and pressure plates fixed on the axes, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of removal of bone growths in fish of wide size and size

species range and prevent

Injuries to the skin of the fish. The restrictive rollers are kinematically associated with the transport rollers and are axially displaced, with the diameter of the restricting rollers exceeding the diameter of the mills and each pressure plate located along the movement of the fish behind the corresponding milling cutter is equipped with a torsion spring to deflect it depending on the size of the fish and the element for interacting with the pressure plate placed directly above the cutter.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for removing bone growths in horse mackerel, containing sequentially located driving transport rollers and cutters with coaxially installed restrictive rollers and pressure plates fixed on the axes, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of removal of bone growths in fish of a wide size and ___ species range and to prevent injury to the skin of the fish, the restrictive rollers are kinematically connected with the transporting rollers and mounted with the possibility of axial displacement, while The diameter of the restriction rollers exceeds the diameter of the cutters, and each clamping plate located along the movement of the fish behind the corresponding cutter is equipped with a torsion spring to deflect it depending on the size of the fish and an element for its interaction with the clamping plate located directly above the cutter.