SU1721323A1 - Double-acting bypass device for hydraulic cylinders - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to volumetric hydraulic pneumatic actuators, and can be used in double-acting bypass devices, mainly hydraulic cylinders, intended for reciprocating mass movements at significant speeds. The aim of the invention is to expand the scope, improve reliability and smooth operation. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the double-acting bypass device for a hydraulic cylinder containing two locking elements of the hydraulic cylinder cavities with a guide shaft, with an axial bore and an end face surface each, forming an overflow channel at the end of the piston stroke, inserted into the cylindrical bore of the stem of the rod or piston cylindrical boring of the moving element of the cylinder of the stem of the stem or piston is made stepwise with a collar in the middle part, with the formation along the edges of the collar s edges (saddle) of the locking elements, the diameter of this shoulder is equal to the diameter of the movable guide him compound liner. In addition, the axial holes of the locking elements are made through and inserted into them coaxially mounted control pushers with a gap between their head ends, the locking elements are installed oppositely, the annular groove and the longitudinal throttling groove of the variable Through passage are made on the surface of the guide shaft. sections with a proportional increasing area of passage along the opening of the locking element, the bypass channel is made as a series of cascade chains of alternating constant and variable passages of chokes and damping chambers between them, including shut-off elements, and the bypass channel is equipped with a trimming choke made in the form of an adjusting screw shank placed in the inlet port of the overflow channel located in the zone of the inlet port of the cylinder cavity with one from the extreme positions of its piston. 2 з.п, ф-л, 9 Il. XI ke CA hJ SA)

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to volumetric hydraulic pneumatic actuators, in particular, to

double-acting hydraulic bypass devices, i.e. mechanisms designed for reciprocating mass movements at significant speeds.

The known design of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder bypass device is housed in a smooth cylindrical bore of the stem shank and containing two coaxially mounted sealed glasses with a spacer ring and a two-way locking element freely located in the axial direction between the cups.

However, this design is of limited use in accommodating small diameter rods in the shank due to the need for a smooth cylindrical bore of increased diameter. The latter is required due to the presence of glasses and a spacer sleeve with an inadmissible reduction in the strength of the stem stem in this case.

In addition, this bypass device is not sufficiently reliable due to the unstable tightness of locking the bypass channel in non-limiting (intermediate) static positions of the piston (there is no pressure flow, the hydraulic cylinder cavities are locked by the distributor).

Closest to the claimed technical entity is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder bypass device built into the cylindrical bore of its movable element and containing two cylinder cavity locking elements with a guide shaft with an axial bore and an end face surface each forming an overflow channel at the end of the stroke in the bore of the rolling element of the cylinder.

However, the known device has a limited field of use, cannot be used in widely used cylinder piston structures in a block with cuff holders, and cannot be embedded in thin pistons, especially with a one-piece seal, due to the presence of dimensional stationary and spacer sleeves. .

In addition, the device is not smoothly in operation.

This is due to the lack of funds for a smooth proportional opening of the bypass channel with overpressure, as well as due to the lack of adjusted throttle for smooth control of the braking path in the range of travel and control of the lower pressure levels of the bypass and damping of the working medium by-pass.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the scope, increase reliability and smoothness in operation.

To achieve this goal in

A double-acting hydraulic cylinder bypass device embedded in a cylindrical bore of its movable element and containing two locking elements of the cylinder cavities with a guide shaft, with an axial bore and a supporting end surface each, which at the end of the piston stroke of the cylinder forms an overflow channel in the bore of the movable cylinder element, is cylindrical the center is made stepped with a collar in the middle part with the formation of shut-off edges along the edges of the collar, and the axial openings of the locking elements are made The control pushers, installed coaxially with the gap along their main ends, are inserted in them, the locking elements are provided with elastic elements and are installed opposite their locking surfaces, and on the surface of the guide shaft

5, a choking element of a variable passage section is made with a proportionally increasing passage area along the opening of the closure element, with the passageway more in the form of a sequential cascade chain of alternating fixed and variable passages of chokes and damping chambers between them, including the locking elements.

5 In this case, the diameter of the collar of a cylindrical stepped bore may be equal to -. veins to the diameter of the guide shaft that is movable with it, and its length is equal to the sum of the lengths of two adjoining directional shanks and the minimum clearance between the head ends of the control followers.

In addition, the bypass channel can be equipped with a trimming choke, formed as a shank of an adjusting screw placed in the inlet of the bypass channel, located in the zone of the inlet hole of the cylinder cavity at one extreme

0 position of its piston.

FIG. 1 given a device that is built into the stem stem, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - the same, built into the through axial bore of the piston of the cylinder (locked position); in fig. 3 shows the node I in FIG. 2 (option to install the device in pistons with a monoblock seal); in fig. 4 — node II in FIG. 2 (version with cuff holders); in fig. 5 shows the node III in FIG. one; in fig. 6 is node IV in FIG. 2; in fig. 7 and 8 - options

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Claims (1)

1721332 B Figure 5 1721323 Fig! 1721323 Fig.9