SU1721213A1 - Swivel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention may be used as part of a drilling tool for drilling a well with a flushing agent supplied to the bottom. The goal is to increase the reliability of the swivel and its durability. For this, the proposed swivel includes a housing with a barrel, a sub and an oil chamber. The swivel has a seal assembly, and in the oil chamber there is a separating assembly, made in the form of a hollow perforated separating element 4 connected to the barrel, and in the cavity of which an elastic diaphragm is installed, dividing its cavity into the injection chambers and the liquid one trunk cavity. 2 z.p.fl, 2 silt,

Description

This invention relates to the mining industry, in particular swivels.

The purpose of the invention is to improve: the reliability and durability of the swivel.

Figure 1 shows the swivel, a general view, 1 in figure 2 - node I in figure 1.

The swivel includes a housing 1, a hollow core 2 housed in it, with a flange 3 | which rests on the main support 4, made in the form of a sliding friction bearing, oil bath 5, cover 6, bollard 7, cap 8, supply E, sealing device of the discharge pipe 10, sub 1.1. At least one inclined bore 12 is made in the barrel. In addition to the main bearing 4, upper auxiliary bearings are mounted on the barrel

13 and 14, between which is located the insert 15 containing copper. In the zone above the barrel tide, at least one spring spring 16 is installed, for example, between the bearing 14 and the pedestal 7i. An auxiliary bearing 17 centering barrel 2 is installed on the trunk of the main support 4. In the sub 11 there is a replaceable nozzle 18 (nozzle) that provides the necessary pressure to create a guaranteed gap between the support surfaces of the barrel 2 and the housing 1. On the tide 3 a removable anti-friction disk 19 with copper inserts can be installed. In the housing 1 of the swivel below the main bearing 4 between the inner diameter of the housing and the outer diameter of the barrel there is an annular oil on the chamber 20, in which the separator 1 is sealed

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21, fixed in the upper suit to the tide 3 by bolts 22, and in the lower part to the trunk 2 of the swivel by bolts 23, the separating unit 21 includes a rigid hollow separating element 2k with holes 25 (with perforation), in the cavity of which The inner concave surface, forming the discharge chamber 26, is repetitively mounted to the elastic diaphragm .27. A rigid separator element 2k limits deflection and prevents the elastic diaphragm 27 from collapsing. The inclined hole 12 in the barrel 2 is displayed in the lower part of the chamber 28 with an elastic diaphragm 27

(A wear-resistant removable ring 29 is installed on the side surface of the tide 3. Its outer diameter is in contact with the sealing assembly, made in the form of sealing cuffs 30 installed in the swivel casing, which are pressed from above by ring 31 with the help of bolts. tide 3. The lower sealing assembly of the high-pressure oil chamber 20 comprises a sleeve 32, a flange 33 attached to the housing 1, sealing elements 3k t which are pressed by the ring 35, and a gasket 36, For excluding any ingress of dirt into the top support bearings 13 and in lk vom annular groove pedestals 7 is mounted a sealing member 37 in contact with the surface of the outer diameter of the barrel 2 ver.tlyuga.

In the area of the annular oil chamber 20 in the housing 1, a hole (drilling, channel) 38 is made, in which the pressure gauge 39 is installed. According to the pressure gauge 39, the presence of liquid friction in the thrust bearing k, i.e. the presence of a liquid (oil) gap kO between the bolster and the fifth sliding bearing as a result of the lifting force from the pressure of the drilling fluid falling from the cavity of the swivel shaft through the inclined hole 12 into the chamber 28 with an elastic diaphragm 27.

The swivel works as follows.

Before starting drilling a swivel (with a bail or without a bail) with a jegyjuen pipe (square bar 3

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one) is connected to a pulley assembly, then a drill string is attached to the lower end of the lead pipe, carrying a drill bit at the end. The swivel supply 9 is connected to the drilling hose from the discharge line of the drilling pumps.

Before drilling the well, the drilling fluid is circulated. For this, the drilling fluid (s) is pressurized by the drilling fluid (s) through the drilling hose, through, through the cavity of the barrel, swivel, square rod, drill string, and bit into the well. Thereafter, the drilling fluid rises over the annular space between the outer surface of the drill string and the surface of the borehole hole to the surface. At this time, the rotor still does not rotate the swivel barrel through the square rod, and the tide 3 of the barrel 2 is already lifted by a guaranteed clearance of +0 oil lifting force from the drilling fluid pressure in the cavity of the swivel barrel, which through the inclined hole 12 enters the chamber 28 with an elastic one. diaphragm 27. Elastic diaphragm 27, deflection, displaces from chamber 26 through openings 25 of separating rigid element 2k oil into oil chamber 20 under tide 3, i.e. between the fifth and the thrust bearing of the thrust bearing in the lubrication system of which there are elements with copper inclusions.

During the circulation of the drilling fluid, the thrust bearing k of the swivel is guaranteed to be provided with an oil clearance of 0 for fluid friction. During rotation of the barrel 2 of the swivel rotor during drilling, with the presence of drilling fluid pressure, the thrust bearing k works in the mode of fluid friction both when moving from the beginning of rotation (during acceleration) and during steady rotation.

For the case when, for any reason, the oil gap is temporarily almost not provided, the presence in the sliding bearing of supporting surfaces with a known shape and geometry provides an oil wedge, and the copper inclusions provide a deposit of copper on the friction surfaces.

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thrust bearing, t, e, the effect of the wearlessness,

To ensure the guaranteed clearance 0, the required pressure of the drilling fluid is determined by the pressure gauge 39 and, if necessary, a replaceable nozzle 18 is installed. If a pressure exceeds the required pressure of the drilling mud, an additional lift of the barrel 2 occurs and compression of the disc spring 16, which acts as a shock absorber,

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In the process of drilling a well

The swivel shaft rotates the pressure range of the injected drilling fluid through the swivel into the well, which provides fluid friction of the thrust bearing of the swivel, is monitored by gauge 39.

After drilling, the rotation of the drill string and, consequently, the barrel 2 of the swivel, 25 is stopped, and then the injection of drilling mud into the well is stopped. When this occurs, the pressure in the trunk of the trunk 2 to the atmospheric pressure decreases. Under the weight of the drill string, the tide 3 of the barrel 2. With its bearing surface sits on the bearing surface of the thrust bearing. Oil from chamber 26 pushes the drilling fluid and elastic diaphragm 27 out of chamber 2.8, straightening, takes its original position, grasping the outer surface of barrel 2, and drilling mud from chamber 28 along the inclined hole 12 is forced out into the cavity of barrel 2, and it into the cavity of the drill string. During repeated drilling, the operations described are repeated.

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1721213

F o

rmula of invention

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Claims (3)

1. A swivel comprising a housing mounted in a housing on auxiliary bearings, a hollow shaft, the tide of which is placed on the main support, a sub connected to the barrel, and placed under the tide of the trunk between the outer surface of the barrel and the inner surface of the housing the oil chamber, that, in order to increase the reliability of the swivel and its durability, it is equipped with a sealing unit and a separation unit installed in the oil chamber, made in the form of a hollow perforated frame connected with a barrel. A separating element, in the cavity of which an elastic diaphragm is installed, dividing its cavity into injection chambers and a liquid one connected to the internal cavity of the barrel by means of an inclined channel made in the body of the barrel, while the sealing assembly is made in the form of a tide located between the inner surface of the housing of the sealing elements and the tide mounted above the latter, fixed on the upper end surface, is the tide, and the main bearing is made in the form of a bearing slip liquid friction. 2, Swivel pop. 1, different u u and with the fact that the sub is installed replaceable nozzle, 3. A swivel according to any one of the preceding points, 1, from l and h and y and the fact that a wear-resistant ring is mounted on the outer side surface of the tide. 37 eight $ M &. / FIG. 2 nineteen