SU1720521A1 - Method of cultivation of heavy periodically-waterlogged soils - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in agriculture on heavy soils with increased atmospheric moisture. The aim of the invention is to reduce the rate of agglomeration of soil segregations and increase the efficiency of loosening. The method includes cutting, lifting and shaking the soil mass, carried out, in particular, by Paraplau type plows. Liquid fertilizers or ameliorants are introduced into the soil simultaneously with the treatment in the gas stream in the form of aerosols or foams. Gas is supplied intermittently. Injection of the applied mixture is carried out in different directions. The method allows to evenly place fertilizers or ameliorants in the soil mass, covering the loosened soil separators with a meliorative mixture. This slows down soil compaction after loosening and increases fertilizer efficiency. 4 hp f-ly, 2 ill. 4W W t

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for time-based rehabilitation and decompression of heavy periodically waterlogged soils, for example, in zones of monsoon climate.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the rate of sticking together of the soil segregations and to increase the efficiency of loosening during the processing of periodically overwetted soil.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the soil section of the whole layer processed by the proposed method and the position of the working bodies in it; in fig. 2 - a device for implementing the method.

The method consists in the fact that simultaneously with the loosening of the arable layer 1 and the subsoil horizon 2 in the period when

the soil is in a relatively dry state and its moisture content is less than that of physical ripeness; liquid mineral fertilizers or ameliorants 4, placed between the soil clumps (clumps), prevent them from sticking, are fed into the loosened coarse-lumpy soil layer 3 in a coarse gas flow in subsequent periods of waterlogging from compaction and exposure to agricultural machinery.

For the implementation of the method, the compressed gas from the compressor device or a special pressure vessel is supplied to a special mixing chamber, a metering device and further to the working parts of the unit. The incoming mixture is distributed through cracks and fractures of the soil throughout the depth of the loosened

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It moistens and coats the soil aggregates, reducing their stickiness and physically eliminating their contact with each other, which, after passing through the implements and settling the soil, forms a layer of liquid nutrient mass between the soil aggregates, the moisture content of which is gradually equalized with the average soil moisture, and chemical substances dissolved in it move with water, the organic solid part, being a support for interaggregative cracks and fractures, retains their long time, ensuring high moisture content of the treated layer of soil, the possibility of the penetration of air and roots of plants, biological activation component soil and, as a consequence, increase soil fertility.

A device for implementing the method of treating heavy and periodically waterlogged soils includes a compressor 5, pipeline b, a tank 7 with a liquid mass, a bubbling device 8, a metering valve 9, a mixer 10, pipelines 11 and 12, a distributor 13, an inclined working body 14, outlets 15, breaker 16.

The device works as follows.

The compressor 5 through the pipes b supplies air to the container 7, and through the system of openings of the bubbling device 8 provides thorough mixing of the liquid mass and creates an overpressure in the container 7, due to which the liquid mass is supplied to the metering distributor 9 and the mixer 10. Most of the produced air from the compressor 5 through line 11 enters the mixer confusor 10. Next, the mixture of air and liquid mass through line 12 is fed to the distributor 13, welded from the back side to the diesel inclined working the body 14 and having openings 15 for the aerosols to enter the loosened soil and distribute it under pressure in the subsurface faults.

The device is placed on a tractor (for example, T-150K, LTZ-145) or a special trailer. Inclined working bodies are attached to the plow (for example, PLN-4-35, LLN-5-35), the dump bodies are removed for this purpose.

Liquid fertilizers or ameliorants are supplied in the form of foam, for which foaming is carried out by bubbling in the tank when making the mixture based on the manure.

slurry or by adding a blowing agent to the mixture,

The supply of liquid fertilizers or ameliorants in a discontinuous flow is carried out by installing a jet interrupter, which has an internal core, rotating with the required frequency, periodically blocking and opening the opening for the passage of the jet.

Liquid fertilizers and ameliorants are supplied in different directions by placing the outlet openings in the front-rear direction on a distributor located in the soil.

As a result of the implementation of the proposed method, the water-air regime of the soil, the provision of plants with mineral elements, the accumulation of moisture during the monsoon rains and the consumption of

in the spring dry period, the soil and subsurface horizon preserve the decompressed state for a longer time, the thickness of the arable horizon increases, the microbial life in the soil becomes more active, the humus balance becomes positive, soil fertility increases, as the consequences of man-made and natural climatic factors on

soil life.

Claims (5)

1. Method of treating periodically heavily moistened soils, including cutting / lifting, shaking soil mass and simultaneous application of liquid fertilizers or ameliorants into the loosening layer, characterized in that, in order to reduce the rate of sticking together of the soil individualities and increase the efficiency of loosening when processing periodically waterlogged soils, loosening is carried out in the dry period at the maximum moisture of the loosened layer is less than in states of physical ripeness, with fertilizer or ameliorants being introduced in the wake gas stream. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the liquidation is also carried out so that liquid fertilizers or ameliorants are introduced in the form of foam. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid fertilizer or improver is applied as an aerosol. 4. Method according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the gas is supplied in a discontinuous stream. 5. Method according to paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the injection of the mixture is carried out in different directions.