SU1719090A1 - Electrostatic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the separation of bulk mixtures in an electrostatic field, and b. used in agricultural production in the separation of seeds into fractions and in the confectionery industry during the cleaning of raw materials. The goal is to improve the quality of the separation. The potential electrode (E) 2 is made in the form of a body of rotation and is installed above a grounded E 1 transporting the mixture to be separated (PC) with the ability to rotate and change the angle relative to E 1. The conveying E 1 is installed with a slope in the direction of the PC. The working surface E 1 is made with alternating convexities 7 and depressions 8. They are located along the profile of the rear edge 32 of the PC during transportation. The convexes 731 are made with a flat top. The separator is equipped with a drive 5 for communicating oscillations to the transporting E1 and a high voltage source. From the feeder 10, the PC enters 31 and then into the electric field i between 31 and 2. The mixture is loosened. The light particles are attracted to the Э 2 and cleaned with a cleaning brush 11 into the light fraction receiver 7. Particles of the heavy fractions are transported via E 1 to the receiver of the 3 heavy fractions. 2 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to devices for the separation of bulk mixtures in an electrostatic field and can be used in agricultural production in the separation of seeds into fractions, in the ore-dressing industry, as well as in the confectionery industry in the purification of raw materials, in particular, nut husks.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of separation.

FIG. 1 dan separator, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 - transporting surface; in fig. 4 shows the profile of the conveying surface, section A-A in FIG. 3

The electrostatic separator includes a grounded transporting electrode 1, a potential electrode 2, made in the form of a rotating body mounted above the grounded electrode 1 with the possibility of rotation around its axis. The direction of its rotation coincides with the direction of transport of the mixture to be divided. The separator contains a high voltage source (not shown) and receivers 3.4 of separation products and is provided with a drive 5 with elastic connections 6 for communicating oscillations of the transporting electrode 1. The electrode 1 is inclined in the transport direction of the mixture to be separated. The surface of the electrode 1 is made with convexes 7 and depressions 8 located along the rear profile along the transport of the separable mixture, the edges of the potential electrode 2. The convexes 7 and depressions 8 can be located perpendicular to the transport direction of the separable mixture.

Electrode 2 is installed with the possibility of changing the angle relative to the grounded transporting electrode 1. The protuberances 7 of the grounded transporting electrode 1 are made with a flat top 9.

The separable mix is supplied from the hopper 10, and from the electrode 2 is cleaned with a cleaning brush 11.

Depending on the parameters of the mixture to be separated, the electrode 2 can move in a vertical plane.

Electrostatic separator works as follows.

From the bunker (feeder) 10, the divided mixture enters the vibration surface of the electrode 1, which performs a reciprocating oscillatory motion and enters the electric field created by the electrodes 1 and 2.

During the transportation of the monolayer mixture to be separated, the contacting vibrational surface of the working body at the contact receives power pulses from the latter. From the lower monolayer, the pulses are transmitted to the overlying monolayer of the mixture. Due to

the presence of friction forces, as they are transferred from the monolayer to the monolayer, are gradually weakened, and the degree of their attenuation is determined by the properties of the material being moved, as well as the parameters of the power

0 pulses generated by the working body. The energy of oscillatory motion is expended on maintaining the velocity of the mixture being transported and compensating for the losses due to the damping of the oscillations.

5 When moving bulk materials, there is a phase shift in the movement of adjacent monolayers and vibrating surfaces and a slight decrease in the horizontal velocity of the upper monolayers relative to the lower ones.

In the mode of throwing over the bottom of the bottom layer over time, having transferred its kinetic energy to the overlying layers, it will begin a reverse movement,

5, although the upper monolayers may continue to move in the direction of motion. At this moment, the loosening of the layer of the transported material begins when the upper monolayers, consisting mainly of

0 of light and mobile particles, in a suspended state, and the bottom, falling on the surface of the working body, again receives an upward momentum. In this case, the upper and lower monolayers occur during

5 suspended state, moving towards each other.

Along with a phase shift, the speed of the overlying layers decreases, the majority of which

0 are lightweight particles in relation to the underlying layers. At this moment, light particles located in the surface layer are oriented in the interelectrode space with a long axis along the floor, scored, and attracted to the charged electrode 2, the particles being pulled to the surface of the rotating electrode 2, are removed from the separation zone and get into the receiver 4 light fraction.

0 Polydisperse homogeneous particles of the main fraction are transported along the vibration surface and enter the receiver of the 3 heavy fraction.

At the moment of orientation of the light particles-on5, the phenomenon of their motion along the vibrating surface together with the mixture is observed. If this movement has sufficient speed, then reading of light oriented particles by heavy particles can occur. In order to eliminate this phenomenon, the vibro-surface is made of a complex configuration, i.e., convexity 7 and convexity 8. Light particles slide along the convexity arc along its upper shelf 9, are oriented in the field and are attracted to the potential electrode more intense. In addition, the phenomenon of knocking down light particles of a mixture is almost completely heavy. When this occurs, a more intensive extraction of light particles from the lower monolayers of the mixture.

 Formula, iso.b p-walls AND

Claims (3)

1. Electrostatic separator, which includes a grounded electrode transporting the mixture to be mixed, a potential electrode made in the form of a body of rotation mounted above the grounded electrode with the possibility of rotation around its axis, the direction of its rotation coinciding with the direction of transport of the mixture being divided, a high voltage source and receivers of separation products, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of separation, the separator is equipped with a drive for imparting vibrations to the transporting elec- trodes which is mounted obliquely in the conveying direction of the mixture for separating, and whose working surface made with alternating protuberances and depressions located along the rear profile along the transport of the mixture to be divided, the edges of the potential electrode. :. , 2. The separator according to claim 1, wherein the potential electrode is installed with the possibility of changing the angle relative to the grounded transporting electrode. 3. The separator according to claim 1, of which is the fact that the convexities of the grounded transporting electrode are made with a flat top. FIG L FIG A N. Fig.Z .