SU1719021A1 - Liquid cleaning filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to filters for cleaning liquids and improves the quality of regeneration. The filter includes a housing 1, a hollow shaft 6, to the end of which is attached a cylindrical filter element 8, a cavitating impeller 7 installed in front of it with blades of a super-cavitating profile and a drive 16 for reciprocating the shaft. When the device is in operation, the impeller helps to prevent soil from settling on the filtering surface. 3 hp f-ly, 1 ill. you about 12

Description

The invention relates to a technique for the purification of liquids from mechanical impurities and can be used in the chemical, oil refining and other sectors of the industry.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of regeneration.

The drawing shows the proposed filter.

The filter consists of a housing 1 connected through a confuser 2 with an inlet nozzle 3, and through a diffuser 4 connected with an outlet nozzle 5 located in the lower part of the case. Inside the housing 1 there is a hollow shaft 6, on which a cavitating impeller 7 is fastened, a filtering element 8 is fixed on the shaft 6 part behind the impeller 7, inside which a spring frame 9 is installed. A pressure sensor 10 is installed on the outlet 6, the output of which is connected to the regulator input 11, the output of which is connected to the actuator 12. The input of the regulator 11, which changes the magnitude of the task, is connected to the output of the pulsator 13. The shaft 6 is connected to the actuator 14, which provides rotation of the shaft 6, the Drive 14 is connected to the backplane 15. The shaft 6 is connected to water 16, providing reciprocating movement of the shaft 6. The drive input, changing the location of the shaft 6, is connected to the outlet of the pulsator 17. The end of the shaft 6 is a hole 18 for passing the filtrate.

The filter works as follows.

Fluid with mechanical impurities is supplied through the nozzle 3 at a speed of 1-3 m / s, in the confuser 2 the flow rate increases to 5-10 m / s. When a cavitating impeller 7 is flown around, the pressure of the liquid decreases and when the pressure of the saturated vapor reaches, the liquid boils to form a multitude of cavitation microbubbles, which are combined into a casket. At the tail end of the cavity in the zone of increased pressure, microbubbles collapse to form cumulative microstructures at a speed of about 105 m / s and shock pressures of up to 10 atm., Which have an intense grinding and curvature effect on the materials in the flow. The profile of the blades of the impeller 7 is made supercavitating, which ensures the formation of microbubbles on the blades, and their collapse in the liquid beyond the reach of the body of the blade ensures the effect of cumulative micro-jets, which ensures the immersion of the impeller 7.

The liquid, having passed into the vapor phase, is easily filtered through element 8, freeing from mechanical impurities. Further, the product, free from mechanical impurities, is discharged through the hollow shaft 6. The filtered mechanical impurities are carried away by the fluid flow to the nozzle 5 in the form of a concentrate.

In the process of filter operation occurs

0 clogging of the surface of the filter element 8. The impact of cumulative micro-jets on the surface of the filter element 8, due to the erosion effect, provides surface cleaning

5 of the filter element 8 and the wear of mechanical impurities by the fluid flow. This phenomenon eliminates the need for periodic cleaning of the filter element. In addition, permanent exposure

0 strokes of cumulative micro jets causes the elastic surface of the filter element 8 to vibrate. Vibrating the elastic surface of the filter element 8 provides

5 additional intensive cleaning of the element 8. The simultaneous impact of both the described physical phenomena provides the possibility of refusing to periodically clean the filter element, while

0 the entire period of operation of the filter maintains a stable throughput of the filtering element 8, and hence the constant performance of the filter with stable energy consumption.

5Thanks to the fact that the elastic surface of the filter element 8 rests on the spring frame 9, the surface of the element 8 retains its unchanged geometric shape, which does not introduce undesirable

0 disturbances in the hydrodynamics of the cavitation flow.

The pressure sensor 10 measures the pressure in the pipe 5 and through the regulator 11, acting on the actuator 12, stabilizes the pressure in the pipe 5 at a predetermined level. This makes it possible to stabilize (and, if necessary, vary depending on the physicochemical properties of the product being filtered) the pressure in the filter, on which the performance depends, and at the same time stabilize (or change, and this change is unidirectional, and it is precisely with an increase in pressure that the productivity of the filter increases, the intensity of the filter element clogging increases, and the intensity of its cleaning increases) the intensity of the energy of the cumulative stream that cleans the filter The current element.

The connection of the regulator 11c with the pulsator 13 provides pressure pulsation relative to the specified level. In this case, the tail part of the cavity (the zone of the highest intensity of cleaning the surface of the element 8) shifts towards the impeller 7 as the pressure increases; as the pressure decreases, the tail part of the cavity shifts away from the impeller 7. This allows periodically (with a frequency of pulsations) to move the tail of the cavity along the surface of the element 8, ensuring uniform cleaning of the filter element 8. The actuator 14 with a speed determined by the value of the task generated by the setting unit 15 rotates the shaft 6. At the same time, particles of mechanical impurities sediment The forces on element 8, due to centrifugal forces, are thrown away from element 8. This phenomenon is accompanied by a number of important accompanying phenomena: centrifugal forces are applied due to rotation, together with shaft 6, of the boundary layer near f ltruyuschego element 8 and discarded solids particles sputtered cumulative jets. Thus, the particles knocked out by cumulative streams not only are carried away by the flow, but also are rejected from the element 8, which intensifies their drift by the flow. The rotation of the shaft 6 and the element 8 provides additional turbulization of the cavity, which facilitates the onset of cavitation and increases the volume of the cavity, which contributes to the intensification of the filtration process.

Installing the blades of the cavitating impeller 8 at an angle to the direction of the incident flow ensures that the flow twists in the direction of rotation of the shaft b, creates conditions for dropping the largest particles of mechanical impurities to the periphery of the body, which facilitates the operation of the filter.

The actuator 16 moves the surface of the filter element along with the shaft b along the housing 1 with respect to the fixed cavitating impeller 8 fixed, for example, with screws (not shown) on the surface of the housing 1. This allows initially placing the filter element 8 into the intensive cleaning zone. This is necessary because, according to the technology, the flow rate of the product through the filter may vary. The longitudinal movement of the filter element 8 allows, with a small amplitude of pressure pulsations in the nozzle 5 (which stabilizes the filter performance), the filter is uniformly cleaned. Pulsator 17 provides the ability

combine the longitudinal movement while shaking the filter element 8, which intensifies the cleaning process of the filter element 8.

5The proposed filter can be used to filter the material while simultaneously separating the emulsions, one of which should have a lower boiling point, if necessary one of the components of the mixture can be gas. The device is also suitable for removing particles of mechanical impurities of sorbed liquid from the pores, in addition, it can be used to filter the oil from the particles of a lipodisperse catalyst, when, with a simultaneous filtering process, the catalyst particles are cleaned from coke adhering to the catalyst particles. When this happens

simultaneous regeneration of the catalyst.

On the other hand, the device is quite

suitable for direct input into

contact of chemical reaction components with

5 by simultaneously removing the gaseous reaction products, the removal of the gaseous reaction products can facilitate the process of passing the main reaction,

Claims (2)

0 Formula Shadows 1.Filter for cleaning liquids, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet pipes installed in its upper part, a discharge pipe located at the bottom of the case, a hollow shaft with a hole for passing the filtrate attached to the bottom of the shaft, a cylindrical filtering element and drive vertical reciprocating 0 movement, that is, in order to improve the quality of regeneration, it is equipped with a cavitating impeller installed in front of the filter element during the movement of the fluid being cleaned, 5 having a blade of a supercavitating profile with a sharp leading edge, and a vertical reciprocating drive is attached to the shaft. 2. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the filter is equipped with a pressure sensor installed in the lower outlet branch pipe and an actuator connected to the outlet of the pressure sensor through the regulator. 53. The filter according to claims 1 and 2, that is, that it is equipped with a pulsator attached to the controller. 4. Filter PP.1 -3. This is due to the fact that the impeller blades are set at an angle in the direction of rotation of the shaft.