SU1717160A1 - Evaporator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to thermal and nuclear power engineering and makes it possible to increase the reliability of the operation of the evaporator. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the evaporator is equipped with a drain system with an additional pipe installed together with the main one in a glass, with the free end of the additional pipe located below the free end of the main pipe. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to power engineering and can be used at thermal and nuclear power plants, as well as at other facilities where steam and distillate preparation is required.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability in operation.

The drawing shows the evaporator.

The evaporator includes a housing 1 with connections for supplying 2 and discharging 3 heating medium, supplying washing water 4, discharging secondary steam 5 and purging 6. In the lower part of housing 1 there is a heating section- vi 7 with steam generating pipes 8. and in the upper part is a steam washing device , made in the form of a sheet 9c by perforation 10 and a flush water drain system consisting of a main pipe 11, an additional pipe 12 and a cup 13. At the same time, the free end of the additional pipe 12 is located below the free end of the main pipe 11. On the sheet 9 there is a top partition 14. Top, part of the additional pipe 12 is made with an increased cross-section with the formation of the partition 15.

The evaporator works as follows. ;. -... - - ,. ; , -;

The heating medium is supplied through the nozzle 2 to the heating section 7, and, after giving up its heat to the water in the housing .1, it is discharged through the nozzle 3. The feeding water is supplied to the nozzle A, which is heated in the steam generating pipes 8 to form secondary steam.

In the process of vaporization, water is evaporated with concentration of salts in it. When a certain salt concentration is reached in water, a purge is made through the nozzle 6. The secondary vapor is separated from the water, passes through the perforation 10 of the sheet 9 and is washed in a layer of washing water. The cleaned steam is discharged from the housing 1 through the nozzle 5.

The flush water enters the housing 1 through the pipe 4, moves along the sheet 9 to the main pipe 11 and the additional pipe 12. The flushing water flows through the pipes 11 and 12 of the IS.

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Into the cup 13. From the cup 13, the wash water is poured into the lower part of the housing 1, where it is evaporated.

During normal operation or minor changes in the operation modes of the evaporator, the hydraulic resistance for the secondary steam of the flush water drain system is higher than the hydraulic resistance of the steam washer.

devices, and steam passes through the perforation of the steam washer.

With significant changes in the operating mode, for example, with a decrease in pressure in the branch pipe for the discharge of secondary steam, the hydraulic resistance of the steam washer becomes greater than the hydraulic resistance of the discharge system. The secondary steam displaces water from the main pipe and passes through it. a steam-flushing device, which prevents the destruction of the device itself.

According to the invention, the proposed design is equipped with an additional pipe, which is inserted into the main cup, placed under the steam washer, and its free end is lower than the free end of the main tube, as a result of which its hydraulic resistance is lower than that of the main tube. Therefore, after the working parameters are restored, the secondary steam rises only one by one — along the main pipe, and additional water, which has a higher hydraulic resistance due to its length, moves down the flushing water. This separates the flow of steam and water in the drainage system.

The flushing water, draining the additional pipe, fills the glass and blocks the movement of steam through the main pipe, i.e. normal operation of the evaporator is restored. Restoration of normal operation of the evaporator occurs even with significant disturbance. Thus, the reliability of the proposed evaporator is higher than that of the known.

The installation of a vaporizer on the evaporator of elements made in the form of partitions on either side of it, the upper partition being located between the main and additional pipes, and the lower one connected to the additional pipe, speeds up the recovery time of the operational state after the disturbance is introduced.

The baffles prevent the capture of steam in the additional pipe, which could slow down or even prevent the downward movement of the wash water. The upper septum separates the vapor flow,

passing through the main pipe when changing the operating mode of the evaporator, from the entrance of water into the additional pipe and thereby prevents the capture of this vapor. Lower partition prevents

the capture of steam passing through the steam washer, due to the fact that it forms with the additional pipe a cavity in which the vapor phase is separated from the liquid before the water

will go through the additional pipe.

Thus, the washing of the secondary steam in the evaporator is carried out continuously in all modes of its operation. This increases the reliability of the evaporator.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. The evaporator, comprising a housing, in the lower part of which a heating section is located, a steam-flushing device located in the upper part of the housing, a drainage system installed under the steam-flushing device and made in the form of a glass and a vertical pipe, the upper end of which is attached to the steam flushing device, and the lower one is placed in the cavity of the glass, and the process nozzles are distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase reliability in operation, the drain system is equipped with an additional vertical pipe, the upper end of which is attached to the steam jetting device, and the lower one is placed in the cavity of the glass under the bottom end of the main pipe. 2. The evaporator according to claim 1, in accordance with the fact that it is equipped with a partition placed on the steam-flushing device between the main and additional pipes, and the upper part additional pipe is made with an increased cross-section.