SU1716173A1 - Method of reversing birotary turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, can be used in reversible transport bi-axial turbines, for example, ship turbines, and makes it possible to improve the maneuverability of the turbine during reversal. Simultaneously with the beginning of the supply of working fluid from the inlet chamber 11 to the exhaust manifold 13, the supply of the working fluid from the flow part to this branch pipe is stopped, and after connecting one of the locking to the other of the rotors 1.2, the working fluid from the inlet chamber 11 to the exhaust branch pipe 13 simultaneously stops and inform the latter with the flow part of the turbine. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in transport reversible turbine installations, such as ship installations.

There is a known method of reversing the bi-rotor turbine by connecting one of the coaxial rotors with guide and working devices to the output shaft while switching off and braking, respectively, by switching the coupling sleeves 1. /

In the prototype, in the forward run of the turbine, the rotor of guide vanes is braked and coupled to the coupling, oh to the stator of the turbine, and the rotating rotor of the working apparatuses is coupled to the output shaft by a coupling. To communicate the reverse, the rotor of the working apparatuses is braked with the help of a special braking device and disconnected from the output shaft, and the rotor of the guiding apparatuses are released and connected to the output shaft, which

it starts rotating in the opposite direction.

The disadvantage of this method is that for reversing high-powered power turbines, brakes are required for large working moments, which causes their complexity, bulkiness, large weight and size characteristics, and the need to use special heat-removing devices, especially for providing reverse power at full power, when it is necessary to brake and restrain a rotating rotor with a shaft with an output of 10,000 hp. and more, which is unacceptable for ship propulsion systems. To use the prototype reversal method, it is necessary to first reset the turbine power to idling by reducing the flow rate and parameters of the working fluid, then perform rotor switching operations and again raise the turbine power to the required level. In this case, the size of CO may be reduced.

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However, the maneuverability characteristics of the turbine are deteriorating sharply due to the increase in the total time it takes to reverse, due to the cost of dropping power and then restoring it.

The aim of the invention is to improve the maneuvering characteristics of the turbine.

This goal is achieved by the fact that simultaneously with the beginning of the supply of the working body from the inlet chamber to the exhaust manifold, the working fluid from the flow part to the exhaust manifold is stopped; in the exhaust pipe and inform the latter with the flow part.

The drawing schematically depicts a reversible birotor turbine,

A reversible turbine includes a rotor 1 of working apparatuses 1 and a coaxially arranged rotor 2 of guide vanes, a turbine casing 3 and an output shaft 4. A device for switching the turbine includes friction-cam couplings 5-8 for switching the turbine from forward to reverse and vice versa windows 9 bypassing the working fluid with a locking device - bypass tape 10 connecting the inlet chamber

11 turbines through the annular channel

12 bypassing the working fluid with an exhaust nozzle 13. Behind the flow part of the turbine between the exhaust chamber 14 and the exhaust nozzle 13, a shut-off device in the form of butterfly valves 15 is installed, blocking the flow part of the turbine during reverse. The area of the windows 9 is chosen so that when the windows 9 are open and the shutters 15 are closed, the pressure of the working fluid in the inlet chamber 11 is sufficiently high, approximately equal to the pressure in the inlet chamber before reversing the turbine.,

When the turbine is operated in the forward direction, the rotor 2 of the guide vanes is locked by a friction-cam clutch 7, and the rotor 1 of the working devices is coupled to the output shaft 4 by a friction-cam clutch 6, the windows 9 are closed with tape 10, the valves 15 are open.4

To change the direction of rotation of the output shaft 4 of the turbine (reversing the turbine), the following operations are performed sequentially.

Open the windows 9 bypassing the working fluid by radial movement of the tape 10, cover the output section of the turbine flow section with the rotary valves 15 and the rotor 1 of the working apparatuses is disconnected

from the output shaft 4 by disconnecting the friction-cam clutch 6. In this case, the working fluid from the inlet chamber 11 through the windows 9 and the bypass annular channel 12 enters the exhaust pipe 13, bypassing the flow part of the turbine. There is a braking of the rotor 1 of the working apparatuses disconnected from the output shaft 4 and freely rotating by inertia. The acceleration of the deceleration process of the low inertia rotor 1 is achieved by maintaining the increased pressure of the medium over the entire flow part of the turbine, since the decelerating moment is the greater, the higher the density of the medium in which the rotor of the turbine rotates.

After reducing the frequency of rotation of the rotor 1 of the working apparatuses, the turbine is switched to the reverse mode, for which the rotor 2 of the guide apparatuses are disengaged, the couplings 7 and connected to the output shaft 4 by the clutch 8, and the rotor 1 of the working apparatuses are stopped by the clutch 5. completing the process of switching the couplings by turning the valves 15, the flow part of the turbine is again communicated to the exhaust pipe 13 and closing the windows 9 with tape 10 stops the bypass of the working fluid from the inlet chamber 11 to the exhaust pipe 13. Reverse the turbine at this end en. It should be noted that for a gas turbine engine with this method of reversing, the mode of operation of the gas generator remains unchanged, which contributes to a reduction in the time of reversal of the turbine.

The use of this method of reversing a birotor turbine with coaxial rotors of working and guiding devices allows one to significantly improve the maneuverability of the turbine with reversal (reduce the reversing time) compared with the prototype. In addition, the use of the method allows significantly (by tens and hundreds of times) to reduce the braking torques of the rotors when reversing compared to the prototype, due to which the weight and size characteristics of the reversing devices and the turbine as a whole are significantly improved.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method for reversing a birch turbine, for example, a ship turbine, by connecting one of the coaxial rotors to the output shaft while shutting down and braking the other from coaxial rotors with guide and working devices, respectively, by switching couplings and feeding the working fluid from the inlet chamber to the exhaust manifold, and after stopping the shut off shaft by switching supplying the working body from the inlet chamber to the flow part, characterized in that, in order to improve the maneuvering characteristics, simultaneously with the start of the working ate from the inlet chamber to the exhaust pipe to stop the flow of working fluid from the flow part in the exhaust pipe, and after connecting one and locking the other of the rotors, the working fluid from the inlet chamber to the exhaust pipe is simultaneously stopped, the latter being reported to the flow part. 9 W 12 2 2 but