SU1716099A1 - Downhole valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for the prevention and elimination of occurrences and emissions and for blocking the channel of a pipe string when drilling oil and gas wells. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the valve while ensuring the ability to control its opening and closing in a given technological sequence, as well as by preventing solid particles from entering the body cavity (K). The device includes a hollow K with connecting threads at the ends. In K there are radial holes and concentric placed with the formation of an annular cavity movable barrel (PS). At its upper end, the PS has a piston. Under the saddle (C) is placed a spring-loaded plate valve relative to it. ON, the last one is installed with the possibility of interaction with PS in its lowest position. In the annular cavity K, a transverse partition is installed between C and the radial holes, forming a sealed chamber filled with lubricating fluid. A fixation unit is placed in the chamber, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve with two crowns attached to its inner surface. The crowns are installed with the formation of a zigzag groove in which and in the treadmill performed on the outer surface of the PS a ball is placed. The gap between the treadmill and the crowns is 0.5-2 mm. The valve is also provided with a filter made in the form of a hollow cylinder with radial channels, a groove is made on the inner surface K at the level of its radial holes, the hollow cylinder is installed in K with its radial holes at the level of the groove, and the radial channels of the hollow cylinder are offset by radial holes K. The supply of the valve with the filter described above prevents solid particles from entering the cavity K, and the fixing unit described above ensures its reliable operation in a given technological sequence. elnosti. At the same time, the gap between the treadmill and the crowns allows the valve to remain operable in the event of a bead hardening on the treadmill. 1 hp ff, 8 ill. sl с ON О sQ О

Description

The invention relates to devices for the prevention and elimination of occurrences and emissions and for blocking the channel of a pipe string when drilling oil and gas wells.

Known valve drill string, comprising a housing with a through channel,

a spring-loaded spool with a valve plate and a sleeve with a saddle provided with turbine blades and a finger fastened to the slide and a sleeve made with an annular recess on which 5 slots and slots are placed; and the finger is placed in the annular undercut of the sleeve.

However, this valve does not allow any device to pass through itself (below itself), for example, an inclinometer, a torus-10 ped, etc. The connection between the movable breech and the tubular bushing is made through a finger.

A check valve is also known, which includes a housing with a through channel, in which a movable sleeve, a tension spring, and a hinged-turn valve are located in the lower part.

However, this valve is out of control, because when it stops circulating, it always closes the 20 channel from the reverse flow of fluid.

Closest to the proposed check valve for a drill cone, comprising a housing with axial and 25 radial channels, in which a sleeve is formed that forms a chamber with the housing and a seat with a spring-loaded locking member, fitted with a sleeve, which is located under the sleeve and 30 with the possibility of axial movement.

The valve has the following disadvantages.

The valve is a one-time action, so the 35 as a channel of pipes that are lowered into the well is open to lift the liquid through the pipes as they descend to the first flush. After the cessation of flushing, the lower movable sleeve remains in its lowest position 40, and the top when moving tubes due to the pressure difference between the tube and the gap, resulting from the downward movement of the tubes, moves upwards, allowing the closure member 45 to return and close a channel for moving the fluid up the pipes as they descend. That doesn’t often result in pipe smothering. In the known device, the flow passage is open for reverse circulation or for lifting fluid through the pipes as they descend only up to 50 of the first flushing, after which the valve becomes an ordinary check valve, and in the proposed device the flow passage can be open whenever it is necessary for ensuring the well wiring, which is carried out by using the treadmill on the movable shaft through its connection with a ball with a zigzag groove formed on the inner surface of the crown housing, with the help of uh crowns.

In a known device, when a barrel is lifted due to the annular space, sludge of any size can flow through the hole in the cavity (within the size of the hole) and, remaining in the cavity, cause additional disassembly to clean the cavity of the sludge, and in the proposed valve prevents large particles from entering the cavity, thereby ensuring long-term performance without forced disassembly.

In the known device, each time before lowering, the valve must be disassembled and set its moving parts to their original positions, in the proposed installation of moving parts is produced in the well with a flow pulse, and on the surface without disassembling it by dropping the moving barrel down to the limit with a hammer handle, shovel etc.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the reliability of the valve while ensuring the possibility of controlling its opening and closing in a given technological sequence.

The goal is achieved by the fact that a deep valve that includes a hollow body with connecting threads at the ends and radial holes, concentrically placed in it with the formation of an annular cavity, a movable barrel with a piston at the upper end, a saddle installed in the lower part of the body cavity, and plate The valve, placed under the saddle and spring-loaded relative to it, installed with the possibility of interacting with the barrel in the lowest position, is provided with a transverse partition installed in the annular Spines between the saddle and the radial holes in the housing with the formation of a sealed chamber filled with lubricating fluid, and a fixation unit placed in a sealed chamber and made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve with two crowns mounted on its inner surface installed to form a zigzag groove and a ball, placed simultaneously in a zigzag groove and made on the outer surface of the trunk treadmill, and the gap between the treadmill and crowns lies in the range of 0.5-2 mm, except oh, the valve is equipped with a filter made in the form of a hollow cylinder with radial channels, with a groove on the inner surface of the body at the level of its radial holes, the hollow cylinder is installed in

the body with its radial holes at the level of the groove, and the radial channels of the hollow cylinder are offset relative to the radial holes of the body.

The set of significant differences of the proposed valve allows for a number of new technological operations:

lowering below the valve geophysical instruments, torpedoes, etc .;

ensure self-filling of pipes with flushing liquid during their descent after intermediate washing;

leave the pipe channel open for fluid flow upward after a series of flushing pulses;

to carry out plugging of manifestations when the pipes below the valve must be kept at a pressure of 350 kg / cm2 and higher.

Figure 1 shows the valve in the closed state, general view, section; Figure 2 is the same in the open state; on fip Z - crowns in axonometric projection; figure 4 - section aa in figure 2; figure 5 - scan zigzag groove with a synchronous sequence of large and small cuts on the upper crown; Figs 6-8 show a zigzag groove scan with an asynchronous sequence of large and small cuts on the upper crown. /

The depth valve consists of a body V made in the form of a nozzle, at the upper end of which there is an internal cone thread, and at the lower end - an external cone thread. At the top of the housing 1, the internal tapered thread passes into the cylindrical thread 2, which in turn passes into the cylindrical cavity 3 of the housing 1. In the lower part of the latter there is an annular abutment 4, under which the bore hole 5 is made, passing into the passageway 6 of the housing 1. In the middle part of the cavity 3 there is an annular groove 7, with which the radial holes 8 are connected (figure 4) .:

A cylindrical nut 9 with an external thread and radial grooves 10 is screwed into the thread 2. The nut 9 presses the cylindrical sleeve 11, which has a groove 12 under the sealing ring at one end, and several holes 13 at the other end, the sleeve 11 abuts against the separating support 14, I have Slot on the inner and outer sides of the grooves 15 and 16 for sealing rings. The separator bearing 14 abuts against the crown body 17, made in the form of a sleeve, in which the fixers 18 of the upper 19 and the lower 20 of the crown are placed and fixed with the help of clamps 18 (FIG. 3). Upper crown 19 is made in the form of a sleeve, which has cutouts 21 on one side and

22 large and shallow depths, respectively. The sequence of cuts 21 and 22 of different depths may be different. The bottom crown 20 is also made in the form of a sleeve, in which

5 notches 23, but of equal size. The cuts 21, 22 and 23 are made on one side along the generator of the cylinder, and on the other, at an angle to the generator of the cylinder, thus forming a bevel. Between the body 17 crowns 19

10 and 20 and the movable barrel 30 is formed by a cavity P, filled with lubricating fluid. The latch 18 is made in the form of a nail with head. The crown body 17 rests on the saddle 24, to which a spring-loaded plate 26 is pivotally hinged with the aid of axis 25. The saddle 24 has a groove 27 under the sealing ring on the outer side and a special groove 28 under the outer side

0, the seal 29 is of the same configuration as the profile of the groove 28. The saddle 24 rests on the annular abutment 4 of the housing 1. Inside the listed parts, the barrel 30 moves, having a treadmill 31 outside the middle part of the ring tide 31 along which the ball 32 moves. Treadmill 31 is made in the form of an annular groove. In the upper part a piston is attached to the barrel 30 by means of a thread 33.

0 34, made from the inside in the form of a cone, and from the outside in the form of a cylinder, on which the groove 35 for the sealing ring is made. In the cavity 36 formed by a cylindrical sleeve 11 and the barrel 30.

5, a spring 37 is placed. The plate 26 in its closed state is pressed against the end 38 of the barrel 30 and the seal 29 by the spring 39.

Between the outer diameter of the annular tide 40, the barrel 30 and the inner diameter of the crowns 19 and 20, there is a gap 41, the size of which can be 0.5-2 mm. The placement in the housing 17 of the crowns 19 and 20 with the tips of the teeth facing one another (the tooth is placed against the depression) forms an endless zigzag groove 42 (FIG. 3), the development of this groove (and its variants) is shown in FIGS. 5-8, where the upper cavities the crowns 19 are marked with the letters a, c, d, g, and the depressions of the lower crown 20 are marked with the letters b, d, e. The distance between the depressions of the upper crown 19 and the depressions

the lower crown 20 is reflected by the values of H and h, and H is greater than n.

When installing the cylindrical sleeve

55 f in the housing 1 so that the holes 13 of the sleeve 11 are not aligned with the holes 8 in the case 1, but are rotated at a certain angle (for example, at an angle of 45 °, FIG. 4), between the outer surface of the sleeve 11 and the inside diameter of the groove In the housing 7, 1 channel is formed, which is a 43% filter. The depth of the groove 7 can be made of any size in accordance with the permissible sizes of suspended particles of the washing solution that enters the cavity 36. For example, it is impossible to allow sludge larger than 1 mm to enter the cavity 36, since this may cause the trunk 30 to the lowest position, therefore, the groove 7 in the housing 1 should be performed with a depth of not more than 1 mm with a slurry size of 1-10 mm.

The valve operates as follows. The valve with all the parts assembled in the housing 1 and fixed by the nut 9 is installed anywhere in the pipe string and lowers into the well, where, as necessary, work is performed that requires closing the pipe channel. If, for example, when descending pipes, the pipe channel as they descend after each flush it is necessary to leave open for self-filling of pipes with flushing fluid, then in this case in the valve that has just been screwed on, use a rod or stick. hammer handles) the barrel 30 (from position a in figs 3 and 5) is pressed down to the limit (the position of the ball b in figs 3 and 5), while compressing the spring 37. In this case (by force of the hand) the ball 32, freely rolling along the treadmill 31 of the barrel 30, from the upper position (and in FIG. 5) moves to the bottom The lowest lower position is by the value of H (figure 5). When the ball 32 moves downward, it, pushing on the bevel of the lower crown 20, is retracted by it until it stops (b in Fig. 5). During this movement, the barrel 30 acts with its bottom end 38 on the plate 26, squeezes and rotates it around the axis 25, opening the bore of the barrel 30 and causing tension in the spring 39, which always seeks to close the plate 26 (Fig. 2).

When the force holding the barrel 30 in the lowest position (b in Fig. 5) is eliminated, under the action of the spring 37, the barrel 30 moves upward, the ball 32 in this case, stumbles upon the bevel of the upper crown 19, and pushes it aside (position in figure 5), the stroke in this case is the value of h. those. the barrel 30 does not go to the extreme position and does not allow the bell 26 to turn and close the bore of the barrel 30. In this position, the flushing solution flows freely and rises through the descending pipes upwards. The valve remains open while the pipe is stopped. When the flushing is activated, a force begins to act on the piston 34, which is capable of compressing the spring 37 and displacing the piston 34 and the barrel 30 to the lowest position (g in FIG. 5). This force is due to the fact that when flushing, the flow creates a pressure differential between the cavity of the barrel 30 and the annular space between the walls of the wellbore and the pipe string at the valve level or, in other words, between the cavity of the barrel 30 and the cavity 36 formed by the groove 7, and the holes 8 in the valve body 1 are in communication with the annular space (Fig. 4). The magnitude of the differential may be 2-15.0 MPa. This is sufficient to compress the spring 37. When the flushing stops, the spring 37 pushes the piston 34 and the barrel 30 moves upward (position e in FIG. 5). In this case, the plate 26 rotates and closes the channel 30 and the solution does not rise upward when the pipes are lowered.

If it is necessary that upon further lowering the valve channel 6 is open for self-filling of the pipes with a solution, it is necessary to perform a pulse flush for 30-60 seconds so that the barrel 30 moves again down to the limit (position e in Fig. 5), and then stopping the flushing of the barrel 30 under the action of the spring 37 returned up, but in this case, not in the extreme position, but in the intermediate one (well in figure 5), thereby leaving the plate 26 in the open position, free for self-filling of the pipes during their further descent into the well.

h

When the piston 34 and the barrel 30 move up and down, the solution from the annular space enters the cavity 36 or is squeezed out of it through the filter 43 in the form of a channel formed by the groove 7, holes 13 and 8 and, accordingly, on the contrary, also passes through the filter 43.

When a well is wired, it is often necessary to carry out a complex of research works, and for this it is necessary to carry out pulsed pumping of the washing solution into the well, while maintaining hydraulic connection of the bottom through pipes with the surface, for example, determining the leakage of the production of a fracture by pulsed injection of the solution into the reservoir and etc. In this case, in the valve, the upper crown 19 (Fig. 5) changes to another with another sequence of large and small cuts 21 and 22 in the crown (Fig. 7), for other purposes other crowns are used.

In the Grozneft association, due to the lack of reliable valve designs, there are cases of

intense oil and gas. The lack of valves with a flow channel makes it difficult and lengthen the timing of various geophysical work, and, finally, the presence of controllable valves reduces the time needed for raising and lifting the drill pipe, excluding overflow of the solution.

Claims (2)

The use of a controlled valve allows to solve a complex of the listed problems with an approximate specific economic effect of 2-3 thousand rubles. on one valve. The widespread industrial application of this valve to unite Trozneft can give a total economic effect in the order of 100-150 thousand rubles. in year. Claim 1. In-depth valve, including a hollow body with connecting threads at the ends and radial holes, concentrically placed in it, with the formation of an annular cavity, a movable barrel with a piston at the upper end, a saddle installed in the lower part of the body cavity, a disc valve placed under the saddle and spring-loaded relative to it, mounted to interact with the barrel in its lowest position, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the valve TERM Ensuring the possibility of controlling its opening and closing at a predetermined technological sequence, it is provided with a transverse partition installed in the annular cavity between the saddle and the radial holes in the housing with the formation of a sealed chamber filled with lubricating fluid and a fixing unit placed in a sealed chamber and made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve with two fixed on its inner surface crowns installed with the formation of a zigzag groove, and a ball placed simultaneously in a zigzag groove and in the outer surface and trunk treadmill, and the gap between the treadmill and crowns lies in the range of 0.5-2 mm. 2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of its operation by preventing solid particles from entering the body cavity, it is provided with a filter made in the form of a hollow cylinder with radial channels, and on the inner surface of the body at the level of its radial holes, the groove is made; the hollow cylinder is installed in the housing with its radial holes at the level of the groove, and the radial channels of the hollow cylinder are offset relative to the radial holes of the housing. 6609 UI shz go nineteen I g g er --G & & Fig.d