SU1708931A1 - Filter-press electrolyzer for obtaining hydrogen and oxygen - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolytic decomposition of water and can be used in the chemical, energy and other sectors of the industry. In order to reduce energy consumption in the electrolyzer, which includes electrolysis cells, containing electrodes, corrugated grids, frames, electrodes, and corrugated grids, the grids are made of porous, the cells are expanding upwards and the fraction of the free section of the electrodes and grids is determined in accordance with the formula = 50 C) / b, where v is the fraction of the free section, ^; L - height of the cell, m; Ly is the height of the location of the section, m. ^ Il., Table 1.- The invention relates to the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolytic decomposition of water and can be used in the chemical, energy and other industries. The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption. Figure 1 shows a reactor for producing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis; figure 2 is the same, side view; on fig.Z - section aa in figure 2; figure 4 - the same, without position ^ 7. The reactor contains electrolysis whose ^ ki, each of which consists of electrode 1, frame 2, gaskets 3, channels for supplying electrolyte k and exhaust gases 5, diaphragm 6, embedded grids 7. The flow area of the cell elements (corrugated grids 7, electrodes 1 and frames 2) is made increasing along the height of the cell. In this case, the fraction of the free section of the cell elements is determined in accordance with the formula V = 50 tif, where 4 ^ is the fraction of the free section,%; La, is the height of the cross section of the cell element, m; L is the height of the cell, m. The principle of operation of the electrolyzer is as follows. The gas obtained by the electrolyzer on the electrodes 1 in the form of bubbles on the back side of the electrode splashes through the passage through the passage sections of the cell elements; electrodes, frames, corrugated grids. Electrolyte through which gas is bubbled, post-oo with oo

Description

The invention relates to the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolytic decomposition of water and can be used in chemical, energy and other industries.

The purpose of the invention is the reduction of energy consumption.

Figure 1 shows a reactor for producing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis; figure 2 is the same side view; in Fig.3 “section aa in Fig.2; figure 4 is the same, without pos ^ 7.

The reactor contains electrolysis cells, the repenting of which consists of an electrode 1, frame 2, gaskets 3, channels for supplying electrolyte 4 and exhaust gases 5, aperture 6, embedded grids 7. Feedthrough section of cell elements (corrugated grids 7, electrodes 1 and frames 2) performed by increasing in height of the cell. In this case, the fraction of the free section of the cell elements is determined in accordance with the formula ψ = 50

Lv G ’where ψ is the fraction of the free section,%;

Εψ is the height of the section, cell element, m;

L - cell height, m.

The principle of operation of the electrolyzer is as follows.

The gas obtained by the electrolyzer on the electrodes 1 in the form of bubbles on the back of the electrode sparges through the passage sections of the cell elements: electrodes, frames, corrugated grids. The electrolyte through which gas sparges to the station _M SU „„ 1708931

flows into the cell through inlets 4. In the electrolyzer, where the elements are made with a variable cross-section corresponding to a change in the gas content of liquids along the height of the cell, the accumulation and re-mixing of the gas is significantly reduced. This leads to a reduction in energy consumption due to a decrease in gas filling of the electrolyte (see data in the table).

Share free Specific Specific 15 sections of elements ny producing cells energy? bodyness cost m ³ you, kWh kWh / m ³ 20

When L «/ =%: 4.8-4.9 0.21-0.20

50% 7 * = 17-20 b

0,5’50 Li = 8.5-10 5.3 0.19 thirty 2.5. 33-40 5.3 0.19. 35

A well-known electrolyzer that contains cells made in the form of a polygon, in the upper and lower parts of the frame there are pipes for gas removal and electrolyte supply, and equipped with embedded corrugated grids with corrugations perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gas-liquid mixture, electrodes. The gas released on the back of the electrode sparges through the stream of electrolyte, which also moves upward, but at a much lower speed. "

In this case, the gas gradually accumulates in the upper part of the cell in the form of a pillow and mixes with the liquid, which is the result of the mismatch of the passage section of the cell elements to the gas content of the electrolyte. This significantly increases the energy consumption for the process.

This invention allows to establish a correspondence between the throughput: (by gas) the ability of the elements of the flow path of the cell and the amount of gas passing through them in each section of the cell. This leads to a significant reduction in the return mixing of gas with liquid and the likelihood of a gas cushion. An example of a specific implementation of the device is a laboratory reactor with the dimensions of the cathode space of the cell: length χ width to height = ⁱ 30 * 15 * 200, width of the lower third 0 5 mm, average 5-10 mm, upper - верхней 5 mm.

When using the proposed reactor to produce hydrogen by electrolysis, the specific energy consumption is reduced by about 1 kWh per 1 m ^{3 of} hydrogen.

Claims (1)

, 1 drips into the cell through the carts. In the electrolysis cell, where the cells are made with ne (with the flow area corresponding to the corresponding gas content in the cell height, the accumulation and back mixing of the gas decreases significantly. This leads to a decrease in energy consumption due to a decrease in the gas filling of the electrolyte (see data in the table). A known electrolyzer, which contains cells made in the shapes of a polygon, in the upper and lower parts of the frame of which are placed the branch pipes. Of gas withdrawal and electrolyte supply, and provided with mortgages. corrugated grids with corrugations perpendicular to the direction of flow of the gas-liquid mixture, electrodes. Gas released on the back side of the electrode splashes through the electrolyte flow, which also moves upwards, but at a much lower speed. 1 In this case, the gas gradually accumulates in the upper part of the cell in the form pillows and mixed with the liquid, which is the result of the discrepancy between the flow area of the cell elements and the electrolyte content. This significantly increases the energy consumption for the process. The proposed invention establishes a corresponding (between gas throughput (gas) capacity of the cell flow cell and the amount of gas passing through them in each cell section. This leads to a significant decrease in the gas’s return mixing with the liquid and the likelihood of a gas cushion. Example A specific device is a laboratory reactor with dimensions of the cathode space of a cell: length x width h height 3) × 5) -00, width of the lower third About 5 mm, average 5-10 mm, upper - 1015 mm. When using the proposed reactor to produce hydrogen by electrolysis, the specific energy consumption is reduced by about 1 kWh per 1 m of hydrogen. Claims of the Invention A filter-press electrolyzer for producing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water, including electrolysis cells containing electrodes, built-in grids, frames, about which you need, in order to reduce energy costs, electrodes and corrugated embedded grids are made porous, the cells are expanding upwards and the proportion C /,% of the free section of the electrodes and grids is determined in accordance with the form Ltt lo C / 50–, where L is the height of the cell, 1-1 m; BC | - height of the cross section, m.  L 7 & FIG 3 FIG L