SU1708206A1 - Method for evaluation of heterosis effect in first generation plant hybrids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the selection of heterotic plants. The purpose of the invention is to simplify and increase the reliability of the method. For this leaves, seedlings at the age of 15-20 days

Description

The disadvantage of this method is the duration of its implementation (2 days) and a large number of operations on the implementation of the method.

The disadvantages are also the use of expensive equipment, which makes it difficult to use the method in agricultural institutions of non-biochemical profile, and the low reliability of the criteria for DNA content per cell, as an indicator of heterosis.

The aim of the invention is to simplify and improve the reliability of the method

The method consists in placing the leaves of the hybrid of the hybrid and its initial forms in an aqueous medium, irradiating the increase in the pH of the medium (A pH), and at yBeflUMeHiiti pH compared with the initial forms, the presence of a heterotic effect is judged.

The method is carried out as follows.

Leaves of seedlings grown in the light are placed in a glass vessel with a capacity of 50-70 ml with bidistilled water and illuminated with an incandescent lamp of sufficient power (several hundred watts). After switching on the light, an increase in the pH of the aqueous medium is observed. The pH change was measured at a certain time interval, the APH index was determined. In tetrotic hybrids, the indicator L pH is higher than that of the original structural forms.

Example 1. Seeds of corn hybrid X-18T and original forms Druzhba and Yx-52 are germinated within 17 days. The time of germination within 15-20 suT; is optimal, since with longer germination, inhibition of the death of seedlings is observed, and with shorter germination periods, differences in different forms are observed according to the proposed indicator. The first 3 days the seeds are germinated in the dark at 25 ° C ,, then - when illuminated with white light, with illumination of 4-5 thousand Lx. The mode of illumination is not particularly significant; plants can be grown in natural light.

To measure the leaves, 3-A seedlings that have reached the 3-leaf stage are cut at the base. 1.0 g of leaves will be immersed in a glass beaker and 40 ml of double-distilled E-ODE G will be added, pH about 6.5. At the bottom of the glass there is an S BT mixer, protected by a perforated Plexiglas disk. For cooling, a V-shaped Glass tube is used, dipped in a glass, through which water is passed from the water main. Eectrodes are immersed in a glass.

pn-tracer (used uniomer un versalm nd EV-74), include r-1αn1 / 1tnu mixer and ksch1neut pH measurement.

8 lack of pH lighting in the B system

the bed is reduced. After a fixed pH of 6.0 is reached, the lighting / cooling is switched on. The lighting system is a 500 W incandescent lamp, which creates illumination of about 900 thousand.

Lk Turning on the light causes an increase in pH. At the time of reaching a pH of 6.1, a countdown is started. After 5 yin, the pH increase is fixed (DrN). The following pH values were obtained: for

maternal form Friendship 0.24; for the paternal form Yx-52 0.13; for their hybrid X-1B T 0.21. As seen from these data, it is exceeding; there is no eg of the brid above the original forms according to the AH.

At the same time, there is no heterosis.

by yield. The productivity of the forms of Friends. ba, and their hybrid X-18T was, respectively, c / ha; 52.1, 27.7 and 56.4.

Example 2. Research is following

corn forms; maternal form X-44, paternal form tn153R, mx hybrid Wind. All operations were carried out analogously to example 1. The AH values are 0.10, 0.07, and 0.14 for the studied forms,

crop yields - 43,5,30,0 and 48.5 c / ha, respectively. Thus, in this case, we have a manifestation of heterosis in terms of D pH and p.of yields.

Example 3. The following were investigated.

corn forms; maternal form, paternal form L-502 and their hybrid P 3978. All operations were performed, c; - about example 1. The APA indicator for the forms under study was 0.14, 0.07 and 0.44, the yield was 18.3, 10.6 and 61.2 c / ha, respectively. Thus, the manifestation of heterosis in A pH corresponds to heterosis in yield.

From the above examples it is clear that

The proposed AH index allows the definition of heztroz hybrids characterized by increased yields. The proposed method differs from the prototype in a smaller number of operations (4 instead of 32). what

indicates a significant simplification of the method. On the reliability of the method shows that the increase in A pH is observable, dz5ts. only when there is an increase in the yield of hybrids

first generation (examples 2 and 3), in the absence of increased hybrid yield, there is no increase in AHP.

.Achalization table. 1 and 2 shows that the degree of dependence between y, zu yield (h.

consequently, both heterosis) and estimated APH values and DNA content. cells are comparable for the indicated method and prototype. However, for the latter this is not always true.

Claims (1)

The invention of the method for determining the heterosis effect in first generation hybrids of plants, including the measurement of the physiological index in the hybrids and initial forms and comparison of the obtained ApH values and field test data for corn results, characterized in that. In order to simplify and increase the reliability of the method, before measuring the indicators of the leaves, hybrids and initial forms are placed in an aqueous medium, irradiated with visible light, and as an indicator, the increase in pH of the medium (L pH) is measured and the increase in A pH compared to the initial forms is determined presence of a heterotic effect. Table 1