SU1701149A1 - Device for clarification of forest stand foundation stock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to forestry and can be used for treating young plantations. The invention makes it possible to increase productivity and improve the quality of work by cutting vegetation. The device includes a frame 1 with supports 2, in which a drum 9 with knives 10 is mounted on an axis 4 and, by means of brackets 5, in the bearings 6 are installed debalances of the vibrator. The centers of the sidewalls 11 of the drum 9 are equipped with radial bearings 13, on one of them is mounted a gear rim 14 with internal teeth that engage with the teeth of the sprocket 15, which is rigidly mounted on one of the shanks 16 of the unbalance axis. On the other shank 17 of the unbalance 7, gear 18 is installed, which engages with another gear that is rigidly mounted on the axis of the other unbalance. The dimensions of the gears are chosen with the condition that the gap between the unbalances should remain when they approach each other not less than 10 mm. Before starting work, the unbalances of the vibrator are adjusted for coordinated work with the knives 10 by shifting the gear on the shank 16. During operation, the device interacts with the knives 10 with the soil and vegetation, while the unbalances, rotating with the same angular speed towards each other, create a variable the vertical force, which through the brackets and the axis 4 is transmitted to the drum and knives 10. At the same time, at the time of insertion of the knife 10, the drum moves with acceleration and the vibrator has inertia, it will slow down drum, creating the effect of slippage of the knife over the soil surface, and for rolling cutter drum relative to the middle position vibrator facilitates rotation of the drum. Installing a vibrator in a device with the condition of coordinated work with knives does not require additional load of ballast or due to the hydraulic cylinders of the tractor's hitch mechanism. 3 silt (L S VJ O -N Yu

Description

The invention relates to forestry and is intended to provide care in young by bending down and cutting off trees of secondary breeds.

Devices for carrying out forest crop clarification are known, mounted on tractors and having knife cylindrical or plate cutters as working members.

The disadvantages of these devices are the complexity of the drive and fastening of the working bodies and their low reliability, especially when working on cuttings with stumps and felts.

It is also known a device for lightening forest crops, comprising a frame, a drum with an axle, a guide device and brackets for mounting on a tractor.

In this device, in order to increase the efficiency of the device, the roller is reloaded by hydraulic cylinders due to the weight of the tractor, which complicates the working conditions of the tractor driver and leads to intensive wear of the articulated joints and knives breakage when the roller hits the hard obstacles. The rollers with a rear hitch on the tractor are loaded with ballast, which also leads to an increase in loads on the hitch mechanism, an increase in the thrust resistance of the roller, fuel consumption and a decrease in the driving speed and productivity of the unit.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity and improve the quality of work by cutting vegetation,

In the device for the clarification of forest plantations, which contains a frame with a drum, around the circumference of which plate knives are placed, a vibrator is mounted inside the drum with an unbalance symmetrically installed with respect to the vertical plane, equipped with gears interacting with a gear ring mounted on the inner surface of the drum, while the gear ratio of the pair ring gear - gear multiple of the number of knives,

FIG. 1 shows a device for clarifying young carpal plantations, front view; in FIG. 2 a vibrator, view from the drive side; fig. 3 - the same from the communication side between the vibrators.

A device for clarifying young forest plantations (FIG. 1) comprises a frame 1 with supports 2, an axis with brackets, a drum, a vibrator, a gear for driving the vibrator and a transfer between unbalances. Frame 1 is made of standard rolled products in a known manner. To frame 1 with the help of bolts 3, supports 2 are attached, in which

rigidly, for example on keys, an axis A is installed. On an axis 4 brackets 5 are rigidly fixed, in which unbalances 7 and 8 of the vibrator are mounted on bearings b. The drum consists of a pipe 9, along which the knives 10 are installed along which with an equal step in a known manner, and of two sides

11 connected to pipe flanges with 9 bolts

12.A radial-thrust bearings 13 are mounted along the centers of the sidewalls 11, which prevent the drum from moving relative to the axis 4. A gear rim 14 with internal teeth that engage with the teeth is fixed to one of the sidewalls 11, for example the left. sprockets 15, rigidly, for example, on a key mounted on the left shank 16 of the unbalance axis 7. On the right shank 17 of the unbalance 7 there is a gear 18, an input

in gearing in gear 19, rigidly mounted on the unbalance axis 8. The dimensions of gears 18 and 19 are chosen so that when the unbalances of 7 and 8 approach each other, the gap between them is at least 10

mm In order to monitor the condition and maintain the gears, side windows 11 are provided with windows that are closed with covers 20 with bolts 21. A device for clarifying young forest stands works as follows.

Before starting the vibrator set up for consistent work with knives. For this, the drum is set in the working position so that

the knife entered the soil by 30-40 mm (Fig. 2). A bar of the specified thickness is placed under the outgoing knife on the hard surface. In this case, the unbalances 7 and 8 should be in the lowest position. Consistency in the work of unbalances 7 and 8 between them is achieved by swapping gear 18 or 19, and between knives and unbalances by swapping gear 15 on the shank 16. During operation, the drum of the device moves along the soil surface, interacting with knives 10 with soil and vegetation ( ). In this case, the ring gear 14 together with the sidewall 11 rotates and unbalance 7 is rotated through gear 15. From unbalance 7 through gears 18 and 19, rotation is transmitted to unbalance 8. Debalances 7 and 8 rotate at the same angular speed towards each other , create a varying vertical force, which is transmitted through the brackets and the axis 4 to the drum and knives 10. Since the rolling radius of the drum is different, then at the time of insertion of the knife 10, the drum must move with

acceleration. In this vibrator, have

inertia, brakes the drum, creating a plow effect (knife slipping relative to the soil surface at a shallow depth). This improves the quality of pruning of vegetation and weeds and loosening the soil. When rolling relative to the knife 10 in the middle position, the vibrator pushes the drum, reducing the resistance to rolling .-

The proposed device does not require additional load ballast.

Thus, the working conditions of the tractor driver are improved, the loads on parts of the tractor attachment mechanism and device connections are reduced, durability is increased, fuel consumption is reduced by 1-2%, rolling resistance is reduced by 10-15%. As a result of the increase in speed

work increases by 3-5% productivity. Due to the plow effect, the quality of the device is improved.

Claims (1)

Apparatus of the invention for clarifying young forest plantations, comprising a frame with a drum, around the circumference of which plate knives are fixed, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity and improve the quality of work by cutting vegetation, a vibrator with symmetrically set relative to the vertical plane is mounted inside the drum unbalances, equipped with gears that interact with the ring gear, mounted on the inner surface of the drum, while the gear ratio a pair of ring gear - gear multiple of the number of knives. 78 15 P five D / e.2 18 3