SU1693374A1 - Device for controlling parallelism of axes of objects - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to determine the relative position of objects in mechanical engineering and construction. The aim of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy and simplify the design due to the fact that there is no need to use the second 1 g recording unit, and all three diffraction images are formed by a zone plate in the analysis plane of the recording unit at the same distance and clearly. The device contains a radiation source 1, a zone plate 6, an optical system and a recording unit 9. The optical system is made in the form of a successively installed semi-transparent beam-splitting cube 3, reflecting mirrors 4 and 5 oriented at an angle of 45 °. to each other and located along the beam behind the zone plate 6, and pentaprim 7 and 8. The translucent diagonal of the beam-splitting cube 3 is located at an angle of 45 ° C; to the axis of the element to be turned, the pentapisses 7 and 8 are installed symmetrically with each other on the reference points, and the zone plate 6 is made with a mirror coating on one side. 1 il. cl

Description

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The invention relates to a measuring technique, to the field of geodetic instrumentation and can be used to determine the relative position of the elements of the process equipment in construction and engineering.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of control and simplify the design due to the simultaneous input of the function of measured values of the angular deviations of objects from parallelism and displacement of the same objects relative to the nominal distance between them in the recording unit, thus eliminating the need for using the second recording unit, as well as This is because all three diffraction images are formed by a zone plate in the plane of analysis of the recording unit at the same distance and clearly.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the device

The device contains sequentially installed radiation source 1 c. by collimating optics 2, an optical system made in the form of a translucent beam-splitting cube 3, two reflecting mirrors 4 and 5, oriented at an angle of 45 ° to each other and located along the beam behind zone plate 6, and two ghosting 7 and 8, and the recording unit 9 installed at the end point

In the drawing, the following notation is used:

I, II-pivot points securing the technological axis of the structure;

A, B - base points of the control element;

i g A, B - base points of the controlled

item:

II, II1 - reference points, fixing the parallel technological axis of the structure.

The structural elements of the device are arranged as follows:

radiation source 1 at reference point I;

beam splitting cube 3 - at base point A;

zone plate 6 and two mirrors 4 and 5 - at the base point of Al;

the recording unit 9 is at the reference point I1;

pentaprisms 7 and 8 - on symmetric reference points II and II1.

The installation and alignment of technological equipment elements are carried out on base points (i.e., points that are located on the equipment elements and determine the position of the technological axis

the element itself) with respect to the technological axis of the structure, which is fixed in nature by two reference points. When using the device, a radiation source 1 (laser) with collimating optics 2 is installed on the control element, the translucent beam-splitting cube 3 and the pentaprism 7 are mounted on base points. Wherein

0, the beam of the radiation source 1 is oriented along the axis of the control element, and the semi-transparent diagonal of the beam-splitting cube 3 is set at an angle of 45 ° to the axis of the control element. On controlled

The 5th element on the symmetric base points establishes the zone plate 6 (the axis of symmetry of the zones coincides with the center of the base point) with the reflecting mirrors 4 and 5 and the pentaprism 8, and the reflecting mirrors 4 and 5 cover only the upper part of the zone plate 6. The plane of the zone plate 6 also is set at an angle of 45 ° to the axis of the element being monitored. The recording unit 9 is installed at a finite point.

When the geometrical condition of the arrangement of the elements, i.e. the control and controlled elements do not have a mutual reversal and the nominal size between them is observed, the beam passes through the collimating optics 2 and hits the translucent cube 3, where one part of the light flux is reflected and spreads in the direction of the zone plate 6, and

5 another part of the light flux passes through the semi-transparent beam-splitting cube 3 and spreads in the direction of the pentaprism 7. The pentaprisms 7 and 8 rotate the beam of the radiation source 1 by 180 °.

0 The light flux reflected from the translucent beam-splitting cube 3 falls on the zone plate b, which is made with a mirror coating on the side facing the cube 3. The incident light flux is partially reflected from the mirror zones of the zone plate 6 and forms in the analysis plane of the recording unit 9 a diffraction image radiation source 1, forming an outer contour. Other part

The light flux passes through the zone plate b, is reflected from mirrors 4 and 5 and comes out strictly at an angle of 90 ° to the incident beam and also forms a diffraction image of the radiation source 1 in the analysis area of the recording unit 9, forming an internal contour. In this case, if the plane of the zone plate 6 is located at an angle of 45 ° to the incident beam, then both diffraction images of the outer and inner contours are aligned (the aligned elements are parallel to each other). The luminous flux from the pentaprism 8 falls on the zone plate b from the back side and, passing through the plate 6, also forms a diffraction image of the radiation source 1 in the analysis plane of the recording unit 9. At the same time, if the nominal size between the monitored elements is preserved, then the resulting diffraction The image is the same as the diffraction images from the inner and outer contours.

If the geometric condition of the elements is not met, i.e. the control and controlled elements are located at a certain angle to each other and the nominal size of the distance between them is not observed, then there is a mismatch in the analysis plane of the recording unit 9. The diffraction maxima of the images are shifted relative to each other, namely, the diffraction maxima of the external contour and passing through the zone plate 6 on the reverse side of the plate with respect to the diffraction maximum of the internal contour, which does not change its position if the geometrical elements are not fulfilled. The angular turn of the object to be monitored is determined by the magnitude of the displacement of diffraction images (diffraction maxima) in the analysis plane of the recording unit 9 using the formula

,

where dU is the amount of displacement of diffraction images relative to each other of the inner and outer contours;

FJ is the distance from the zone plate b on the analysis plane of the recording unit 9.

The magnitude of the deviation from the nominal size is calculated by the formula

0

five

0

five

0

five

D

d fi

u + fe

where 5d is the amount of displacement of diffraction images relative to each other of the inner contour and passing through the zone plate b from the reverse side;

(1 is the distance from the zone plate b to the analysis plane of the recording unit 9;

2 distance from zone plate 6 to pentaprism 8.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for controlling the parallelism of the axes of objects, comprising a radiation source, a zone plate, an optical system and a recording unit, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of control and simplify the design, the optical system is made in the form of sequentially installed translucent beam-splitting cube a backing plate at an angle of 45 ° to each other of reflecting mirrors and two pentaprisms, successively installed along the radiation passing through the cube, and NPA plate provided with a mirror coating on the side facing the semitransparent beamsplitter cube.