SU1690828A1 - Method for preparation of water-fuel emulsions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods for the preparation of water-fuel emulsions and makes it possible to improve the quality of the emulsions and provide additional possibilities for controlling its characteristics. In the invention, water is additionally activated by direct current with separation into anolyte and catholyte, and catholyte is mixed with fuel and dispersed. 2 tab., 1 Il.

Description

The invention relates to the technology for the preparation of water-fuel emulsions and can be used in power plants that use water-fuel emulsions as fuel.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the emulsion and provide additional possibilities for regulating its characteristics.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of an installation for preparing a water-fuel emulsion that implements the method.

The installation for the preparation of a water-fuel emulsion includes a fuel supply pipe 1 from a fuel supply tank 2 and a pipe 3 for supplying fresh water from a source with a constant pressure, for example, hydrophore 4.

On the fuel pipe is installed meter 5 fuel consumption, the mixer 6, the fuel pump 7, disperser 8,

fuel preheater 9, filters 10 and 11, through gate valves 12-17, three-way plugs 18 and 19. Using valves 15 and 16, the disperser 8 can be turned off, and a bypass line with valve 20 serves to pass fuel to consumers. return fuel shut-off valve 22 and three-way valve 23 are installed.

A reduction valve 24 is installed on the fresh water supply pipe 3 to set the required water pressure in the system, a water flow meter 25 and a metering valve 26 to regulate the amount of water supplied depending on the fuel consumption proportional to the load of the power plant. The load of the power plant is transmitted to the metering valve 26 as signals from the fuel meter 5.

The system of electrochemical water treatment consists of a flow-through activator 27,

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supplying a regulated direct current source 28. Regulating valves 29 and 30 are installed on the water supply pipe to the activator 27, which are used to establish the required ratio of water flow through the anode zone 31 and the cathode zone 32 of the activator 27. On the water line 33 31, an anolyte, a gas separator 34 is installed, and a pH meter 36, a gas separator 37, a filter 38 and a non-return valve 39 are installed on the water line 35 that passes through the cathode zone 32 of the activator, catholyte. The catholyte pipe 35 is connected to mixer 6.,

The installation works as follows.

In the initial position, before turning on the fuel pump 7, valves 12-17,22 are opened, three-way plugs 18 and 19 are set to allow the fuel to pass through one of the filters 10 or 1 h, and plug 23 to the position that provides fuel from the pipeline 21 return cut-off fuel to the suction of the fuel pump 7 between the valves 13 and 14.

When the fuel pump 7 is started up, the fuel goes from the fuel tank 2 through the fuel consumption meter 5 to the mixer 6. At a signal from the fuel consumption meter 5 in proportion to the load of the power plant, the metering valve 26 opens and the water from the hydrophore 4 is fed to the mixer 6 where the fuel is mixed with water in the required ratio and pre-dispersed m. The dispersant 8 performs the final dispersion and water-fuel emulsion through the fuel preheater 9, filter ry 10 or 11 m is applied to the wearer. By using the obtained water-fuel emulsion in a diesel power plants return fuel shut-off is effected via line 21 through valve 22 and tube 23.

The water supply from the metering valve .26 to the activator 27 is carried out through control valves 29 and 30, by means of which the necessary ratio of water flow through the anode 31 and cathode 32 activator zones 27 and accordingly the anolyte and catholyte flows is established. The anolyte is supplied via pipeline 33 to a gas separator 34, from where it, after degassing, enters special containers for use for household needs, such as disinfecting solution. The catholyte through line 35 through flow pH meter 36, gas separator 37, filter 38 and non-return valve 39 enters mixer 6, where it is mixed with fuel and pre-dispersed, after which

The resulting mixture is supplied by the fuel pump 7 to the dispersant 8, then through the fuel preheater 9 and the filters 10 or 11 of the emulsion are fed to the consumers.

Under the influence of signals from the flow meter pH meter 36 and the water flow meter 25 at a regulated DC source 28, the voltage and current flow are set, providing the necessary degree of water activation. Signaling

5 from the pH meter 36 and the flow meter 25 to the current source 28, as well as from the flow meter 5 to the metering valve 26 in the drawing are indicated by dotted lines.

Changes in the degree of water activation

0, all other things being equal, the dispersion, stability and alkalinity of the water-fuel emulsion change. In particular, in order to reduce the corrosivity of the emulsion, it is advisable to have a catholyte hydrogen index in the range of pH 9-10. The ability to influence the parameters of the emulsion through an adjustable DC source 28 according to the signals from pH meter 36 and flow meter 26 makes it possible to create an effective system for controlling the process of preparing the emulsion with the required parameters and properties.

The invention ensures the achievement of the intended positive effect due to

5 changes in the physicochemical characteristics of the dispersed phase. When using activated water for the preparation of a water-fuel emulsion, a higher dispersion and stability of the emulsion is achieved, which is

0 turn provides greater completeness and efficiency of combustion of fuel. In addition, catholyte has a pH value in the range of alkaline media, which reduces the direct corrosivity

5 watertope shower emulsion. The presence of excess OH radicals reduces the corrosiveness of acidic combustion products.

There is a link between the physicochemical properties of a water-fuel emulsion and the degree of water activation, which can be used to provide additional possibilities for controlling the quality indicators of water-fuel emulsions. Most acceptable for this

5 goals, it is possible to adjust the pH value, which is a direct indicator of the degree of water activation.

The ability to control such indicators of the quality of emulsions as dispersion, stability, alkalinity, amount of free radicals allows improving the quality of the emulsion, including its main indicators such as increasing the efficiency of combustion, reducing the corrosivity of the emulsion and combustion products.

Table 1 presents the comparative data of the dispersion of the fuel-water emulsion obtained under the same dispersion conditions for F5 fuel oil depending on the degree of electrochemical (pH) activation of the aqueous phase (catholyte).

Table 2 presents the comparative stability of VTE with the same dispersion for diesel fuel L as for

VTE with very low aggregate stability depending on the degree of electrochemical treatment (pH) of the aqueous phase.

Claims (1)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A method for preparing water-fuel emulsions by dispersing a fuel with water that has undergone a preliminary treatment, characterized in that Improving the quality of the emulsion and providing additional possibilities for regulating its characteristics additionally activate water by constant electric current with its separation into the anolyte and 5 catholyte, and catholyte is mixed with fuel and dispersed. Table 1 Table 2 v