SU1690106A1 - Dc multipolar electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to electrical engineering, and can be used in torque motors of a disk and cylindrical design of infra-low rotational frequencies. The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application, reduce the labor intensity of manufacturing and increase reliability. An electric machine consists of an inductor with 2 r poles, a core with a winding of sections wound around a spiral and evenly spaced around the circumference. The collector plates are connected to groups by conductive bridges with a step equal to the number of sections. The beginning and end of the section are connected to groups of collector plates, calculated according to certain formulas. Such a winding design provides a wider field of application of an electric machine. 2 il., 3 tabl

Description

SL

WITH

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in torque motors of a disk and cylindrical design of infra-low rotational frequencies.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application, reduce the labor intensity of manufacturing and increase reliability.

FIG. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-pole DC electric machine with p 14 and S 20 (d 2; m 7; q 10), which shows the connection of part of the sections and conductive bridges to the collector, as well as the arrangement of d 2 pairs of opposite brushes ( connection of the remaining sections and conductive jumpers to the collector is not shown); in fig. 2 shows the electrical circuit of the machine (for the convenience of reading the diagram of the collector plate, included in one group and connected

one another conductive bridges, placed in one line, and the core winding sections are placed not in the actual order of their location on the core, shown in FIG. 1, and in the order of connecting them began to groups of collector plates).

The electric machine consists of an inductor with 2p poles of 1 alternating polarity, denoted by the N and S indexes, the core 2, the winding of which is made of spiral-wound sections 3 designated evenly around its circumference and labeled with 1c-20c, and the numbers 1c-20c are section m 3 in the order of their location around the circumference of the core 2. starting with any one that is arbitrarily taken. The collector 4 consists of K m-S - 140 plates, which are assigned the number 1k-140k, and the numbering of the plates is given in

Oh oh

about

their location around the collector 4, starting from an arbitrarily taken collector plate, while walking in the same direction as for the numbering of sections 3 of the box 2 (Fig. 1 and 2). Conductive bridges 5 combine collector plates in S groups of m plates each, the jumper pitch over the collector is S, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the conductive jumpers 5 connect the plates 100120k (120-100 20 5), 120k and 140k etc. The brushes 6 and 7 of the machine are connected to tipping tires 8 and 9. It is necessary to implement the proposed machine to fulfill the condition of choosing the numbers p and S in such a way that they have a common divider d, not equal to one, and do not contain other common dividers .

With the help of conductive jumpers 5, the collector plates 4 are combined into S 20 groups, which are assigned numbers v defined by the smallest plate numbers included in this group. The belonging of the plate with the number J, for example 59k, to the v-th group of plates is established as follows:

1-1TsO - 1

V 1 + SFr (J-g-i) - 1 + 20 - 19

etc.

For the machine in question (Figs. 1 and 2), the groups are formed by plates 1k-140k of collector 4 shown in Table. one.

Section 1c-20c winding cor 2 are connected to the collector 4 as follows. The beginnings of sections 1c-20c with serial numbers I 1, 2, 3, ..., S 20 are connected to groups of collector plates with numbers v. For example, the beginning of the section with number i 7 is connected to a group of collector plates with number

/: i v 1 + q-lnt I1-- +

+

qKi + q-Fr (-l)

 1 + 10 int +

10-0 + Yu-

+ GO0t 1 + 0 +,

.

Cs is assumed to be 2, since 2 is the smallest number that ensures that y is an integer; Ki is assumed to be zero, which ensures that

the conditions of equality of the expression in brackets to the smallest positive integer: the beginning of the section with the number 1 16 is connected to the group of collector plates with the number

 + 10-lnt () +

15

10 1 + 10 Fr

16-1 10

 1 + 10 1 + 5 15,

where Ki is taken to be 1, since 1 is the smallest number that ensures that the number in square brackets is an integer, and so on.

The ends of sections 1c-20c with order

1 1,2,3 S 20 numbers are connected

to groups of collector plates with numbers v. For example, for the examples considered, the end of section I 7 is connected to a group of collector plates

with number

V 1 + S Fr

V + q-2

 1 + 20x

35

xFr (3 ±

10-2 ", o /, pr (11 -10

2Q - 1 + 20-Fry-12,

and the end with the number 1 13 is connected to the group of collector plates with the number

1 + 20Frp) 1 + 20-Fr ||

etc.

In tab. 2 shows the order of connecting sections 3 with numbers i (1c-20c) to groups of collector plates and the value of the number K for which the numbers of groups are determined

FIG. Figures 1 and 2 show the electrical circuits of the proposed machine for the case when they have d 2 pairs of different-polar brushes b and 7, which ensure the normal functioning of the machine.

The need to install additional brushes (in excess of d pairs) 2d pairs, 3d pairs, etc. is determined based on the condition of ensuring a given current density under the brushes, as well as increasing the reliability of the brush-collector unit and the machine as a whole by reserving brushes 7 and eight.

When voltage is applied to the collector busbars 8 and 9, the current flows through the following circuit: current collector bus 8, brushes 6, collector plates 121k, 131k included in plate groups 1 and 11, four parallel winding branches of the core (2a 2d 4 ), the first of which consists of sections with the number j 1c, 8c, 15c, 2c, 19c, the second - of sections 14c, 7c, 20c, Cc, 16c, the third - of sections 11c, 18c, 5c, 12c, 9c, fourth - from sections 4c, 17c, 10c, 13c, 6c; collector plates 12bc, 136k, included in groups 6 and 16 of the plates, brushes 7, current collector bus 9. The current passing along parallel branches of the winding core, interacts with the magnetic flux of the inductor poles 1, as a result of which the measles 2 come under the action of electromagnetic moment in rotation. (When the core 2 rotates in the direction shown in Fig. 1 by the arrow, the structure of the parallel branches changes. For example, when the core rotates

1 2l

angle - - brushes 6 short section t

4 m S

1c and 11c, and the brushes 7 are sections 6c and 16c, i.e. These sections will enter the switching mode.

When the core 2 ka is turned, one collector division of section 1c moves from the first parallel branch to the second, section 16c from the second B to the third, 11s from the third to the fourth, and section 6c from the fourth to the first.

As a result, parallel zettis will consist of sections: first -8c, 15c, 2c, 19c, 6c; the second - 1s, 14s, 7s, 20s, 3s; third -18s, 5s, 12s, 9s, 16s; the fourth - 11s, 4s, 17s, 10s, 13s. Further, this process is cyclically repeated, and each of the sections in a single revolution of the core makes 2p commutations.

In the proposed machine design, the scheme of connecting sections with groups of collector plates and the presence of jumpers over the collector, made with step S, ensures that when the core rotates in the magnetic field of the poles on the collector plates, a standing electric potential wave arises with a period of 1 / pth collector circle .

If it is assumed that the potential of the collector plate group is determined by the phase factor of the angular position of the 1st section,

2 n ,, 2n, , p, p (|). m (,)

och

Then the phase factors of the collector plate groups will be determined by the values given in table. 3

As follows from the table. 3, the potential on S near the arranged collector plates is harmonically distributed and contains d 2, and the d potential waves are placed all over the collector.

The proposed design of a multi-pole electric machine has a wider range of application, since it allows winding the core with a number of parallel branches 2a 2d, which in turn allows the internal parameters of the machine to be matched with the parameters of the power source (voltage, current, etc.). .) with a decrease in d times the number of collector plates. The latter simplifies the design of machines and increases its reliability. In addition, the range of numbers S is expanded, since the second divider of the number S is the number q can be both an even and an odd number, thus achieving the most rational use of active materials by forming the required geometric ratios of section sizes and, therefore, obtaining the best winding factors .

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A multi-pole electric DC machine with 2 p 2 tp d poles of alternating polarity, measles with a closed winding consisting of S d -q sections, and a collector with plates interconnected into groups by conductive jumpers made in steps equal to sections of S d. Distinguishing from the fact that. in order to expand the field of use, the beginning of the sections with the number i is connected to the group of collector plates with the number v . | nt (+. and the end of this section is connected to a group of collector plates with the number 50 55 1 + SFrfc ± fl where 1 1.2, 3. ,,; S d -q - the numbers of the winding sections of the core in the order of their location bore core starting with arbitrarily one; v and V 1, 2, 3, ...; S - numbers of groups of collector plates j (v) included in this group J (v) 1 + SFr (PV o where j is 1, 2, 3, ...; K S m are the numbers of the collector plates, the total number of which is K S -m, in the order of their location along the reservoir bore when going round in the same direction as in the numbering of the winding sections of the core; d is a number not equal to one and is note. Alphabetic indexes to the numbers of collector plates are omitted. are the common divisor of the numbers S d q and p-m d, where q 2, 2, 4; m, 3, 4, 5, and d &q; Have qK2 ± 1 m ten 15 where Ki and Ka are positive integers, including zero, to ensure that the numbers y and v are the smallest positive integers; Fr is the fractional part allocation operator of the mixed fraction; Int is the selection operator for the integer part of the mixed fraction. Table 1 Table 2 Note. Alphabetic indices with at the section numbers are omitted. Table3 Continued TABLE 2 Fig / ga d,